Metals and Non-metals

Question 1

Definition of Lustre

Answer 1

Able to reflect from its surface shiny when polished

Question 2

Definition of Malleable

Answer 2

Able to be beaten or hammered, pressed into a sheet

Question 3

Definition of Ductile

Answer 3

Able to be drawn into a wire

Question 4

Metals

Answer 4

All have lustre when polished
Ductile
Good conductors of heat
Strong and Malleable
Most have high melting and boiling points

Question 5

Non-metals

Answer 5

Do not conduct solids are brittle
Not ductile
Most of the solids are dull
Most have low melting and boiling points
Poor conductors of hear or may be used as insulators

Question 6

Definition of Electrical conductivity

Answer 6

an electrically conductive substance easily allows the flow of an electrical current with minimal resistance. When there a free valence electrons that can move around freely to transfer electricity

Question 7

Chemical Properties of Metals

Answer 7

All metals have 1,2 or 3 valence electrons
The metals are found on the left side of the Periodic Table
The activity series ranges metals in order of their chemical reactivity

Question 8

Definition of the Activity Series

Answer 8

The reactivity series of metals refers to the arrangement of metals in the descending order of their reactivities

Question 9

Metal + Oxygen ==>

Answer 9

Metal oxide

Question 10

Metal + Water ==>

Answer 10

Metal hydroxide + hydrogen

Question 11

Metal + Acid ==>

Answer 11

Salt + hydrogen

Question 12

Copper Physical Properties

Answer 12

Highly ductile
Malleable
Excellent conductor of electricity and heat

Question 13

Steel Physical Properties

Answer 13

Ductile
Strength
Corrosion Resistance
Conductivity

Question 14

Lead Physical Properties

Answer 14

Malleable
Dense
Very soft
Poor conductor of electricity

Question 15

Silver Physical Properties

Answer 15

Lustre
Ductile
Malleable
Excellent conductor of electricity and heat

Question 16

Aluminium Physical Properties

Answer 16

Less dense
Malleable
Corrosion Resistant
High electrical conductivity

Question 17

Definition of a Displacement Reaction

Answer 17

A metal and an ionic solution react spontaneously. The metal and the metal ion swap.

Question 18

Definition of Alloy

Answer 18

A metal made by combining two or more elements, especially to give greater strength or resistance to corrosion.

Question 19

Definition of Allotrope

Answer 19

Allotropes are different forms of the same element, where the atoms combine in different ways, so at the same temperature and pressure they can exist in different forms.

Question 20

Carbon Allotropes

Answer 20

Diamond
Graphite
Graphene

Question 21

Oxygen Allotropes

Answer 21

Oxygen
Ozone

Question 22

Sulfur Allotropes

Answer 22

Rhombic
Plastic
Monoclinic

Question 23

Describe the Atomic Structure of Carbon

Answer 23

Carbon atom has 6 protons, 6 neutrons and 6 electrons. The atom has 2 electron shells.

Question 24

Describe the Atomic Structure of Nitrogen

Answer 24

Nitrogen atom has 7 protons, 7 neutrons and 7 electrons. The atom has 2 electron shells.

Question 25

Describe the Atomic Structure of Oxygen

Answer 25

Oxygen atom has 8 protons, 8 electrons and 8 neutrons. The atom has 2 electron shells.

Question 26

Describe the Atomic Structure of Sulfur

Answer 26

Sulfur has 16 protons, 16 electrons and 16 neutrons. The atom has 3 electron shells.

Question 27

Describe the Atomic Structure of Chlorine

Answer 27

Chlorine has 17 protons, 17 electrons and 18 neutrons. The atom has 3 electron shells.

Question 28

Nitrogen Gas uses

Answer 28

Fertilisers Food package to keep foods fresh Nylon Dyes Explosives Ammonia Liquid Nitrogen

Question 29

Oxygen Gas uses

Answer 29

Refining + manufacture of steel Rocket propulsion Medical/ biological life support Manufacture of stone/glass products

Question 30

Chlorine Gas uses

Answer 30

Bleaching agent Sanitation process for sewage Cleaning products In the manufacture of hydrogen chloride and hydrochloric acid Antiseptic to kill bacteria Sterilise water in swimming and spa pools