Metals and Non-Metals in the Periodic Table Flashcards
(25 cards)
Where are metals found in the periodic table?
On the left and in the center.
Where are non-metals located in the periodic table?
On the right-hand side.
What is the dividing line between metals and non-metals called?
The metalloid staircase or zig-zag line.
What are some general properties of metals?
Shiny, malleable, ductile, good conductors of heat and electricity, high melting points.
Malleable: Can be hammered into shape
Ductile: Can be drawn into wires
What are some properties of non-metals?
Dull, brittle, poor conductors, low melting and boiling points.
What type of ions do metals form?
Positive ions (cations) by losing electrons.
What type of ions do non-metals form?
Negative ions (anions) by gaining electrons.
Why do metals conduct electricity?
They have free-moving delocalized electrons.
Why are non-metals poor conductors?
They do not have free electrons.
What happens to metal atoms during reactions?
They lose electrons to achieve a full outer shell.
What happens to non-metal atoms during reactions?
They gain or share electrons to complete their outer shell.
What is a metalloid (or semi-metal)?
An element with properties of both metals and non-metals.
Example: Silicon (Si)
What kind of bonding do metals use?
Metallic bonding.
What kind of bonding do non-metals use?
Covalent or ionic bonding.
Why are metals malleable?
Layers of atoms can slide over each other in a metallic structure.
Why are non-metals brittle?
Their atoms are held together in rigid structures that break easily.
Which side of the periodic table forms basic oxides?
Metals (left side).
Which side forms acidic oxides?
Non-metals (right side).
What is the general trend of metallic character across a period?
It decreases from left to right.
What is the general trend of metallic character down a group?
It increases.
Are transition metals considered metals?
Yes, they are typical metals with useful properties like conductivity and strength.
Why do non-metals have low melting points?
They are made of small molecules with weak intermolecular forces.
Give an example of a non-metal that conducts electricity.
Graphite (a form of carbon) – it conducts due to delocalized electrons.
What is one reason metals are used in wiring?
They are good conductors and malleable.
