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Psychology 5: Criminal > methodology: case formulation > Flashcards

methodology: case formulation Flashcards

1
Q

state 6 characteristics / purposes of a case formulation

A
  • make sense of problems
  • identify dynamic risk factors
  • create a detailed analysis of behaviour
  • design effective treatment
  • safety plan
  • regularly review treatment
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2
Q

what is phase 1?

A

offender analysis

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3
Q

what is the purpose of offender analysis?

A
  • provides a risk assessment
  • helps to understand the likelihood of recidivism
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4
Q

what is offence paralleling behaviour?

A
  • any behaviour linked to the crime which happens before or after it
  • the way a person was functioning at the time of a crime
  • eg mental illness or life events such as losing a job
  • or external motivation such as being in a gang
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5
Q

what are criminogenic factors?

A

the cause or likely cause of behaviours

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6
Q

summarise the steps of phase 1: offender analysis

A
  • understand cause of offence/overview of past
  • when (physical and life timeline)
  • who (victims/relationship)
  • what (anticedent, behaviour, consequence)
  • why (internal and external motivation)
  • uses a flow diagram
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7
Q

why is a flow diagram used for offence analysis?

A

simplifies complexity

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8
Q

describe the flow diagram in an offence analysis

A
  • early experience
  • dysfunctional assumption due to this
  • critical incident/trigger
  • negative automatic thought
  • symptoms
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9
Q

what is phase 2?

A

understanding the offender

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10
Q

what is the purpose of understanding the offender?

A

psychological underpinning of behaviour and linking to a theory

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11
Q

summarise the steps of phase 2: understanding the offender

A
  • plan best/worst case scenarios
  • understand potential victims and levels of harm
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12
Q

what is phase 3?

A

applying treatment

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13
Q

describe the steps of phase 3: applying treatment

A
  • establish treatment for offender
  • reflect on how they started, presence of mental illness and risk of reoffence
  • later reassessed
  • use of HCPC guidelines eg remain unbiased, maintain quality of practise and maintain confidentiality
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14
Q

what is a weakness of using case formulation?
- methodology criticism 1

A
  • qualitative data
  • gathered at a clinical interview done by multiple people so open to subjectivity
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15
Q

what is a weakness of using case formulation?
- methodology criticism 2

A
  • retrospective data
  • memory is easily distorted for offence analysis
  • could be unreliable
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16
Q

what is a weakness of using case formulation?
- reliability

A
  • no standardised procedure
  • unique offenders
  • cannot be replicated
  • only measures recidivism so not fully accurate
17
Q

what is a weakness of using case formulation?
- validity

A
  • treatment may not be working
  • social desirability suggests it is as offenders want to be released
18
Q

what is a weakness of using case formulation?
- opposing study 1

A

Schult
- therapies are effective
- case formulation adds nothing so is a waste of time

19
Q

what is a weakness of using case formulation?
- opposing study 2

A

Capretta
- social desirability showed batterers improved but recidivism rates didn’t decrease

20
Q

what is a strength of using case formulation?
- application compliment

A
  • reduces recidivism
  • improves offenders life
  • ensures most effective treatment chosen for complex crimes
21
Q

what is a strength of using case formulation?
- validity 1

A
  • objective data
  • free from bias
22
Q

what is a strength of using case formulation?
- validity 2

A
  • holistic
  • considers gender and culture
23
Q

what is a strength of using case formulation?
- supporting study 1

A

McKnight
- effective in treatment prediction

24
Q

what is a strength of using case formulation?
- supporting study 2

A

Whitehead
- Mr C developed new sense of identity and prevented relapse

25
Q

what is a strength of using case formulation?
- supporting study 3

A

Berry
- must be unbiased in order to be successful
- increase meetings between staff and offender to do this

Psychology 5: Criminal (22 decks)

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