MH-60R - SAR Flashcards
(45 cards)
0
Q
NATOPS Ch 9. SAR notes
A
- During the pickup phase of a rescue, the PAC shall keep the survivor on the right side of the aircraft to allow the aircrewman to complete the pickup.
• Search and hover altitudes should be determined by existing conditions. Recommended altitude for hovering is 70 feet. Prolonged low overwater hover with little or no headwind shall be avoided due to engine salt ingestion.
• If a lost ICS situation occurs during a SAR evolution, the copilot shall be notified and advisory hand signals/CREW HVR used as discussed in the SAR Mission Specific Briefing. - In sea states of three or above (Douglas Sea State), it is recommended that the swimmer deploy on the hoist.
• Rescue via direct deployment is recommended in situations where sea states or proximity to obstacles prohibit the swimmer from safely approaching the survivor. Refer to NTTP 3-50.1 for direct deployment procedures.
1
Q
NATOPS Ch. 9 SAR Warnings
A
- Helicopters create static electricity that must be discharged by grounding the hoist on the surface prior to commencing a pickup. The surface in the immediate vicinity of a crash site may be covered with fuel. Avoid discharging static charge or deploying smoke markers in that zone.
• With starboard 120-gallon external fuel tank installed, hoist devices, including rescue swimmer/survivor and medevac litter, may contact the forward part of the fuel tank, potentially causing equipment damage and personnel injury. - If a parachute remains in the area of the survivor, maintain a minimum of 1 rotor diameter separation between parachute canopy and rotor downwash.
• The rescue hoist cable must be kept clear of all parts of the aircraft and free from other external obstacles when operating the hoist. Cable abrasion during hoist operations can lead to cable failure. If cable contact or snagging occurs, suspend hoist operations and inspect the cable for damage in accordance with applicable procedures.
• Swimmer shall not be required to enter the water to effect the recovery of inanimate objects.
• There shall be a hoist operator in the cabin if a swimmer is deployed.
• Personnel hoist shall not be attempted with a damaged hoist cable.
• The hoist operator shall wear a heavy-duty glove during all rescue hoist operations.
• Any time the cabin door is open during flight, all occupants of the cabin shall wear crewman’s safety harness or remain strapped in a seat. The crewman’s safety harness must be thoroughly checked for secure attachment to the airframe.
• The red phosphorus composition in the Mk 25/Mk 58 produces smoke, which is highly caustic to the moist tissues of the nose and throat. Do not breathe this smoke.
• The Mk 25 shall not be launched while in hover because of valve plug possibly striking aircraft or personnel.
• While operating in a salt spray environment for any period of time, a TGT rise of 20 °C or more for constant torque is an indication of engine performance degradation and possible salt encrustation. A TGT rise of greater than 40 °C for a constant torque is an indication of engine performance degradation that may result in compressor stall(s).
• Swimmer and survivor on hoist may oscillate underneath aircraft during recovery, which may result in RADALT HOLD disengagement. Any aggressive collective inputs to stop descent/ascent rate may cause injury to personnel on hoist.
• Removal of the marker pull ring from the Mk 58 exposes the battery cavity. Entrance of seawater in this cavity will immediately activate the marker. This ring shall not be removed until launching is to be accomplished.
• After the tear strip is removed from the Mk 58, use care to avoid cutting hands on the sharp edges of the can.
• Aircraft should not fly at low altitude over a burning Mk 58 marker. Ignition of the second candle can be forceful, with flame occasionally ejecting up to 50 feet.
2
Q
International Air Distress Frequency
A
121.5
3
Q
Military Air Distress Frequency
A
243.0
4
Q
Joint/Combined on-scene and DF frequency
A
282.8
5
Q
What is the Maritime Bridge-Bridge freq and associated VHF freq
A
MAR 6 / 156.3
6
Q
What is the Maritime Distress channel and associated VHF freq?
A
MAR 16 / 156.8
7
Q
NATOPS minimum crew requirements for SAR
A
One HAC, one PQM, one MH-60R aircrewman, and one H-60 search and rescue aircrewman.
8
Q
What is in the SAR curtain?
A
6 General Purpose Chemical lights 6 High Intensity Chemical Lights 3 Crewman Safety belts 1 Cable Grip with its own crewman safety belt 3 Chemical Light Straps 1 pair Hoist Gloves 1 Rescue Litter Sling Assembly 1 Hoist Quick Splice 1 Pneumatic Hand Tool
9
Q
What is the minimum required Helicopter Equipment for SAR
A
- Double Rescue Hook (DRH)
- Rescue Strop
- 1 hoist quick splice plate
- 1 hoist cable grip with its own crewman’s safety belt
- 1 rescue hoist hand tool
- 3 crewman’s safety belts
- 6 general purpose chemical lights
- 6 high intensity chemical lights
- 3 chemical light straps
- 1 pair of heavy duty hoisting gloves
- 3 additional cranial assemblies
- 2 wool blankets
- 1 helicopter rescue equipment bag
- 1 trail line assembly
- 1 rescue litter sling assembly
- 1 level A medical kit
- 1 rescue litter or SAR/MEDEVAC litter assembly
- 2 Mk-58 smoke flares
- 4 Mk-25 smoke flares
- 3 electrical marine marker lights
- 1 electronic datum marking device (when available)
- 3 LPP-1 or LPU-32 life preservers
- 1 MPLR weak link per MPLR carried
10
Q
What may be substituted if unable to meet 4 and 2 flare requirements?
A
A total of 6 Mk-58 flares may be substituted
11
Q
What is the SAR organization?
A
SAR coordinator - Handled by the Rescue Coordination Centers established based on geographic area. Shall informed of progress of the search if not directly involved.
SAR Mission Coordinator - OTC or unit designated by the OTC shall assume SMC.
On-scene Commander - designated by the SMC. Generally assigned to first unit to arrive on scene or the unit with the best capability.
SAR Unit - individual unit conducting SAR.
12
Q
How often shall OPS normal reports be transmitted?
A
Normally multi-engine aircraft will make reports every 30 minutes and single-engine aircraft and helicopters will make reports every 15 minutes.
13
Q
When and what is reported to the OSC prior to arrival on scene?
A
10 - 20 minutes prior. Call sign, ETA on scene, on-scene comms capability, planned search speed, and on-scene endurance.
14
Q
What report is made once you’ve arrived on-scene?
A
A report of the current weather at the scene.
15
Q
Who can suspend a SAR?
A
SAR Coordinator
16
Q
What is the deployment method for a daytime sea state above 3?
A
It is recommended to conduct a deployment via the hoist.
17
Q
Daytime, calm seas, debris in the water deployment method
A
Direct deployment
18
Q
Can you send AW into water to recover an inanimate object?
A
Per NATOPS, Swimmer shall not be required to enter the water to effect the recovery of inanimate objects.
19
Q
Can you launch a Mk-25 from a hover?
A
Per NATOPS, The Mk 25 shall not be launched while in hover because of valve plug possibly striking aircraft or personnel.
20
Q
What are the Mk-58 warnings?
A
• Removal of the marker pull ring from the Mk 58 exposes the battery cavity. Entrance of seawater in this cavity will immediately activate the marker. This ring shall not be removed until launching is to be accomplished.
• After the tear strip is removed from the Mk 58, use care to avoid cutting hands on the sharp edges of the can.
• Aircraft should not fly at low altitude over a burning Mk 58 marker. Ignition of the second candle can be forceful, with flame occasionally ejecting up to 50 feet.
21
Q
What is the typical smoke load out for HSM-35?
A
2 mk-58s and 4 mk-25s
22
Q
When do you use direct deployment?
A
- Shall not be used if survivor still attached to parachute.
- Rescues in the surf zone, heavy seas, high winds, movin (swift) water, ice, etc.
- Shall only be utilized by qualified personnel per 3130
- Rescue via direct deployment is recommended in situations where sea states or proximity to obstacles prohibit the swimmer from safely approaching the survivor.
23
Q
How long do the Mk-25 and Mk-58 some markers last?
A
Mk-25: 10-20 minutes
Mk-58: 45 minutes
24
What is direct deployment
A deployment method where the rescue swimmer remains attached to the hoist throughout the duration of the rescue.
25
Which smoke can be resafed?
Mk-25
26
What are the requirements to be fully SAR capable?
Per 3-50:
-Minimum equipment to conduct SAR
Per 3130.6:
- The HAC shall have completed a helicopter pilot initial SAR training syllabus (7 lectures and quarterly training flight) containing the requirements outlined in Chapter 6, in addition to other requirements that may be delineated by local instructions.
- In order to be night SAR current, the HAC shall have logged 2 night time hours within the last 45 days.
- For night overwater SAR missions, the HAC shall be current in accordance with NATOPS/local instructions for automatic approaches to a coupled hover, and, at a minimum, have completed 2 night automatic approaches to a hover within the last 60 days, with each approach being preceded by a wind line rescue pattern and all applicable NATOPS SAR procedures shall be completed/simulated during the evolution.
Per OPNAV:
- Any naval helicopter that is assigned the mission to operate as a rescue vehicle over water shall have as a member of its crew one aircrewman who is completely outfitted for water entry and has completed an approved CNO/CMC rescue swimmer's school.
- Where SAR/plane guard is briefed as a primary mission, or when it becomes the primary mission, the rescue aircrewman shall be prepared for immediate water entry.
Per Wing SOP:
- Pilots shall have flown 2 automatic approaches to a hover utilizing wind rescue line patterns in the preceding 60 days.
- The Rescue Hoist Operational Check should be completed on the first flight of the day to ensure SAR capability.
Per 80T-122:
- Operable hoist with rescue device
- operable searchlight for night SAR
- Sufficient liferafts to support passenger rescue equipments
Per squadron SOP:
- Prior to standing SAR duty, pilots shall be night, coupled approach, and SAR current.
27
Does the PIC have to be DLQ current to stand SAR duty?
To the maximum extent practicable the SAR Crew PIC should be DLQ current. CO approval shall be obtained prior to a shipboard landing by a non DLQ current PIC per Squadron SAR Plan.
28
What is IAMSAR?
International Aeronautical and Maritime Search and Rescue Manual. Published by ICAO and IMO and outlines international SAR.
29
What are the Primary and Secondary responsibilities of an HSM-35 crew standing SAR duty?
Primary: SAR, MEDEVAC, and HUMEVAC support for SOCAL naval forces.
Secondary: Assume the Coast Guard's SAR and MEDEVAC role, in support of the civilian community, on a not to interfere basis, should Coast Guard aircraft be unavailable.
30
What is the Coast Guard's responsibility with regard to SAR?
Commander, USCGPAC has primary responsibility for SAR on and over the high seas and waters subject to the jurisdiction of the United States.
31
What is a double lift?
When recovering a hypothermic or potentially hypothermic, survivor, the double-lift method of DD is an expedient alternative to the rescue/MEDEVAC litter. The standard rescue strop is used in conjunction with the quick strop to hoist the survivor in a semisupine position. Sound judgment shall be used to ensure that the correct method of recovery is utilized to prevent further injury to the survivor.
32
Describe the Rescue Net
The rescue net is used as a rescue device primarily in the case of multiple survivors. The rescue net is a simple and safe rescue device that can accommodate up to two survivors, or one survivor accompanied by the RS during hoisting. When the rescue net is employed, the following special notes, warnings, and procedures apply.
33
Describe the rescue seat
The rescue seat is designed for use in the maritime or overland environment and is primarily used for self- recovery of aviators without the assistance of a RS. When the rescue seat is employed, the following special notes, warnings, and procedures apply:
WARNING
The rescue seat can only be utilized in a maritime environment if it has a flotation collar installed.
34
Describe the rescue basket
The collapsible rescue basket (McCauley Basket) was designed for use in helicopters that do not routinely employ a RS as part of the crew. The rescue basket is a simple and safe rescue device that can be lowered to a survivor (military or civilian) and easily utilized without RS assistance. The rescue basket is designed for lifting one survivor at a time.
35
Describe the rescue strop
The rescue strop is primarily used on nonaviator/civilian survivors, and allows for the RS and survivor to be hoisted at the same time. When the rescue strop is employed, the following special notes, warnings, and procedures apply:
WARNING
Deploying the rescue strop to a nonaviator survivor without the aid of a RS is not recommended and should only be performed when no RS is readily available from a nearby SRU, and immediate survivor recovery is deemed necessary. Nonaviator personnel are not familiar with the rescue strop procedures and self-application of rescue strop arm retaining straps is near impossible. Rescue strop recovery without proper application of the arm retaining straps may result in survivor falling out of the rescue strop during recovery.
36
Describe the quick strop
The quick strop is used only in conjunction with the TRI-SAR harness assembly and provides for a quick and safe means of hoisting uninjured personnel. It has stainless steel hardware, a slide buckle that slides down the strop to prevent the survivor from slipping out, and an adjustable retainer strap that is stored in a zippered pocket on the rear of the strop.
37
What is the definition of Red Light fuel?
The local time at which a helicopter will no longer be SAR capable and has approximately 30 minutes of flight time remaining.
38
What are the different hooks and weight limits associated with them on the double rescue hook?
The DRH assembly includes a large hook rated at 3,000 lbs., a small hook rated at 1,000 lbs., and an equipment ring rated at 1,500 lbs.
39
Can the stokes litter be used in the aircraft?
In the SAR/MEDEVAC and VERTREP/Logistics configuration it can fit in the aircraft. In the SUW or ASW configuration it cannot fit in the aircraft.
40
What are the five basic methods to conduct an overland rescue? Which can't we do in the aircraft?
1. Landing to effect a rescue.
2. Rescue via one or two wheels.
3. Rescue via hoist.
4. Rappelling.
5. Direct deployment.
41
What does "dressed out" mean?
The RS is defined as properly attired and equipped for the planned rescue mission.
42
What is required prior to conducting a HUMEVAC?
Approval from COMHSMWINGPAC is required. Night HUMEVAC to or from air capable ships is limited to situations of operational necessity.
43
What parameters must be met prior to HSM-35 conducting a civilian SAR or MEDEVAC mission?
1. Mission assignment from the appropriate Rescue Coordination Center or Rescue Sub Center.
2. A GENUINE threat to life exists, and no other mode of transport or assistance is readily available.
3. Operations in mountainous areas must be day/VFR.
44
What is normal ready duty SAR alert status?
4-hour standby . If the coast guard is unable to maintain primary alert status or if FASCFAC notifies the squadron for tasking, the ready duty alert will be upgraded to a 1-hour standby. The SDO will notify the COMHSMWINGPAC CDO and FASCFAC upon reaching a 1-hour standby status.
