Micro Exam 3

Question 1

What are the characterstics of proteobacteria?

Answer 1

gram negative, chemoheterotrophic,largest taxonomic group

Question 2

biofilm

Answer 2

a microbial community that forms in layers on a surface

Question 3

siderophores

Answer 3

proteins secreted by pathogens that bind more tightly to iron

Question 4

toxins

Answer 4

poisonous substances produced by microorganisms

Question 5

toxemia

Answer 5

Prescence of a toxin in the host blood.

Question 6

intoxication

Answer 6

Prescence of toxin without microbial growth

Question 7

toxigenicity

Answer 7

ability of an organism to produce a toxin.

Question 8

exotoxin

Answer 8

produced inside of the cell and secreted out (Exo)

Question 9

antitoxins(emergency treatment)

Answer 9

antibodies against specific toxins

Question 10

toxoids

Answer 10

inactivated toxins used in vaccines.

Question 11

superantigen(exotoxin)

Answer 11

produce an intense immune response due to release of cytokine cells

Question 12

genotoxins(exotoxins

Answer 12

mutations in DNA

Question 13

shock

Answer 13

life threatening decrease in blood pressure

Question 14

ID 50

Answer 14

infectious dose for 50 percent of the population

Question 15

LD 50

Answer 15

lethal dose for 50 percent of the population

Question 16

adhesins and ligands?

Answer 16

bind to the receptor present on host cells

Question 17

IGA proteases

Answer 17

destroy IGA antibodies

Question 18

kinases

Answer 18

digest fibrin clots

Question 19

collagenase

Answer 19

breaks down collagen

Question 20

coagulase

Answer 20

coagulate fibroin

Question 21

hylauranase

Answer 21

digest polysaccharides

Question 22

systemic infection

Answer 22

infection throughout the whole body

Question 23

focal infection

Answer 23

began as local infection and becomes systemic

Question 24

local infection

Answer 24

limited to small area of body

Question 25

sepsis

Answer 25

toxic imflamatory condition arising from spread of microbes from infection

Question 26

toxemia

Answer 26

toxins in the blood

Question 27

bacteremia

Answer 27

bacteria in the blood

Question 28

What is e coli?

Answer 28

gram negative facultative anarobe rod shapped found in gut

Question 29

What is e coli used for?

Answer 29

fecal indicator bacteria to indicate contamination

Question 30

what causes typhoid fever ?

Answer 30

samanella typhi

Question 31

What is enterobacteria

Answer 31

salmonella, e coli,

Question 32

How many species of salmanella are there ?

Answer 32

2

Question 33

What causes food poisoning

Answer 33

salmonella typhimurium

Question 34

common sources of salmonella

Answer 34

undercooked chicken raw eggs

Question 35

What is shigella enterobacteria

Answer 35

causes dysentery

Question 36

Yersinia enterobacteria

Answer 36

causes plague

Question 37

Serratia

Answer 37

red in color causes UTI found in saline

Question 38

klebselia

Answer 38

in soil and water causes pnemonia

Question 39

What is bdelivibrio

Answer 39

this is a delta proteobacteria

Question 40

what does bdelivibrio

Answer 40

preys on cells and elongates to replicate

Question 41

What is heliobacter

Answer 41

Epsilon proteobacteria causes H pylori infection found in stomanch

Question 42

cambloyobacter

Answer 42

found in cattle or sheep

Question 43

characteristics of epsilon protobacteria

Answer 43

helical and slender in shape

Question 44

deinococus

Answer 44

bacteria that is highly reistant to radioadition

Question 45

What is thermis aquatis

Answer 45

where TAQ polymrase for PCR comes from very stable

Question 46

Where is thermos found in

Answer 46

hot springs extreme heat , yellowstone

Question 47

streptococcus gram positive

Answer 47

strep throat

Question 48

What are characteristics of mycoplasma

Answer 48

smallest free living organism and bacteria no cell wall

Question 49

staphylococcus areus

Answer 49

gram positive grows in clusters responsible for MRSA

Question 50

droplet transmission

Answer 50

transmission through the air less than 1 meter

Question 51

indirect formite transmission

Answer 51

spread by nonliving item

Question 52

airborne transmission

Answer 52

travels more than 1 meter

Question 53

vehicle transmission

Answer 53

transmission from inanimate reservoir

Question 54

vehicle transmission

Answer 54

air, water ,food or bodily fluid

Question 55

incidence

Answer 55

number of new cases of a disease during a time period

Question 56

prevalence

Answer 56

Old and new cases added together. The number of people who have something at any given time

Question 57

prevalence

Answer 57

number of people who have disease