Micro Infection drugs Flashcards
Antibiotics that cause C. Diff
- Clindamycin
- Ampicillin, Amoxicillin
- Cephalosporin
- Fluoroquinolones
C. Diff
- DOC: Oral vancomycin or Fidaxomicin
- Metronidazole

Traveler’s diarrhea (ETEC)
Ciprofloxacin
B. Fragilis intra-abdominal infections
Metronidazole
Carbapenems
Clindamycin
B-lactam + B-lactamase inhibitor
Giardia
Metronidazole

Campylobacter Jejuni
Azithromycin
E. Coli
Cephalosporins, Fluoroquinolones
C. Perfringens
Penicillin +/- Clindamycin

Enterobacter spp
Carbapenem, Cefepime
Enterococcus spp.
Amipicillin +/- Gentamicin
Vancomycin +/- Gentamicin

Salmonella Typhi
Ceftriaxone or Fluoroquinolone

S. Aureus or Epidermis
Methicillin-susceptible
Nafcillin, Oxacillin, or dicloxacillin (antistaph)

S. Aureus or Epidermis
Methicillin-resistant
Vancomycin, Linezolid

S. Epidermidis
Vancomycin

GAS pharyngitis
Penicillin V
children? Amoxicillin (tastes better)

GAS with a penicillin allergy
- type I HSN allergy: azithromycin, clarithromycin, clindamycin
- non-type I HSN: 1st gen cephalosporin- cephalexin
Bacterial sinusitis/otitis media
Amoxicillin
CAP Empirical Treatment:
outpatient, previously healthy
no antimicrobials within last 3 months
- macrolide (erythromycin, clarithromycin, azithromycin, telithromycin)
- doxycycline
CAP Empirical Treatment:
outpatient - but presence of comorbidities / immunosuppressed/
use of IC drugs/ antimicrobials in the last 3 months
or
inpatient, non-ICU
- respiratory fluoroquinolone (levofloxacin, gemifloxacin, moxifloxacin)
- B-lactam (cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, ampicillin-sulbactam) + macrolide (TACE -mycin)
CAP Empirical Treatment:
inpatient, ICU
B-lactam + azithromycin or respiratory fluoroquinolone
penicillin allergy patients? respiratory fluoroquinolone (levofloxacin, gemifloxacin, moxifloxacin) + aztreonam
aspiration pneumonia (anaerobes)
DOC: Clindamycin
- metronidazole
Bordetella pertussis
Macrolide

Chlamydia pneuomiae
macrolide or doxcycline

hemophilus influenzae (otitis media, sinusitis) non-b-lactamase producing
Amoxicillin
hemophilus influenzae (otitis media, sinusitis) b-lactamase producing
2nd/3rd gen cephalosporin or
amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (child)
klebsiella pneumoniae
ceftriaxone, cefotaxime
Legionella sp.
fluoroquinolones or azithromycin

moraxella catarrhalis
amoxicillin-clavulonic acid or
2nd/3rd gen cephalosporins or
co-trimoxazole
mycoplasma pneumoniae
macrolide or doxycycline

pseudomonas aeruginosa
DOC: Piperacillin or Ciproflaxacin
2: levofloxacin, aztreonam, aminoglycoside

strep pneumoniae penicillin non-resistant
DOC: Pen G, amoxicillin
2: cephalosporin, clindamycin, fluoroquinoline, macrolide, cotrimoxazole
strep pneumoniae penicillin resistant
Ceftriaxone (uncomplicated cases) or Resp Fluoroquinolones or Macrolides

tularemia
streptomycin
DOC for uncomplicated UTI or simple cystitis
Co-trimoxazole
Alternatives:
Ciprofloxacin
Nitrofurantoin
Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid
DOC uncomplicated UTI or simple cystitis in pregnancy
- Penicillins (eg, amoxicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid)
- Cephalosporins (eg, cephalexin, cefuroxime)
- Nitrofurantoin (not after 38 weeks gestation - risk of hemolytic anemia)
- Sulfonamides (not close to term - risk of kernicterus)
acute bacterial prostatitis
Fluoroquinolones (levofloxacin or ciprofloxacin)
Co-trimoxazole
Doxycycline
NB. Remember penicillins do not reach therapeutic concentrations within the prostate
Syphilis
Penicillin G Benzathine
Gonorrhea (STD)
Ceftriaxone

Chlamydia (STD)
Azithromycin or Doxycycline
Trichomoniasis (STD)
Metronidazole

Gardnerella Vaginalis
Metronidazole

Bacterial Vaginosis
Metronidazole
Proteus Mirabilis UTI
Sulfonamides
