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Path > Micro MedGems > Flashcards

Micro MedGems Flashcards

1
Q

Leptopirosis transmission?

A

Rat urine

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2
Q

In immunocompetent patients, what is the typical presentation of listeriosis?

A

Gastroenteritis

Listeriosis = disseminated listeria monocytogenes infection

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3
Q

Organism causing lyme disease

A

Borrelia burgdorferi

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4
Q

What organism is responsible for the sexually transmitted infection Chancroid, which causes multiple painful ulcers?

A

Haemophilus ducreyi

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5
Q

What is the name of the neurological sign of a pupil that accommodates, but does not react to light?

A

Argyll Robertson pupil

Commonly seen in neurosyphilis

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6
Q

What is the manifestation of leptospirosis?

A

Commonly seen in farmers (bacterial)
Kidney damage
Liver damage

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7
Q

What is the full scientific name of the organism responsible for syphillis?

A

Treponema pallidum

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8
Q

What is a Jarisch Herxheimer reaction?

A

Patients with spirocheates who have abx treatment (leptospirosis, borellia burgdorferi, syphilis)

  • Fever
  • Headache
  • Muscle aches
  • Hypotension
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9
Q

What condition is a fetus at risk of if its mother is infected by Parvovirus B19?

A

Hydrops fetalis

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10
Q

What viral protein is responsible for the virulence and tropism of SARS-CoV-2?

A

Spike protein

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11
Q

A patient undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplantation requires a blood transfusion.

All blood products are routinely screened for HIV, Hepatitis B and C.

What other virus must be screened for in the donor blood products prior to giving it to this patient?

A

Cytomegalovirus

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12
Q

What is the host protein required for entry of SARS-CoV-2 into human cells?

A

Angiotensin converting enzyme 2

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13
Q

What test is typically used to detect the presence of SARS-CoV-2 on a nasopharyngeal swab?

A

Polymerase chain reaction

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14
Q

What family of virus does dengue virus belong to?

A

Flaviviridae

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15
Q

What’s the most common cause of mild URTI?

A

Rhinovirus

Cervical lymphadenopathy and tonsilar exudate would indicate bacterial infection

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16
Q

Kaposi’s sarcoma is caused by what virus?

A

Human herpesvirus 8

17
Q

What is the most common viral cause of meningitis?

A

Enteroviruses

18
Q

What is the recommended antibiotic prophylaxis for bites by either cat, dog or human in a patient with no known allergies?

A

Co-amoxiclav

19
Q

What class of antibiotics does azithromycin belong to?

A

Macrolides

20
Q

What is the first line antimicrobial for treatment of Lyme Disease?

A

Doxycycline

21
Q

First line abx for UTI in pregnancy 3rd term?

A

Cefalexin

22
Q

What antibiotic would you prescribe first line for an infective exacerbation of COPD with a suspected bacterial etiology?

A

Amoxicillin

23
Q

What is the first line antibiotic for the treatment of acute otitis media in a patient with no known allergies?

A

Amoxicillin

24
Q

What is the first line topical antibiotic treatment of limited impetigo?

A

Fusidic acid

25
Q

What antibiotic should be prescribed for a penicillin allergic, clinically stable patient with cellulitis?

A

Clarithromycin

26
Q

What is the first line antibiotic for the treatment of sinusitis in a systemically well patient with no known allergies, assuming there has been no improvement of symptoms for at least 10 days?

A

Phenoxymethylpenicillin

(URTI suspected due to strep pyogenes (GAS) give penicillin V)

27
Q

What is the first line management of UTI in non-pregnant women?

A

Nitrofurantoin
(trimethoprim if low risk of resistance)

28
Q

What is the first line management for UTI in pregnant women 1st and 2nd trimester?

A

Nitrofurantoin
(second line amoxicillin)

29
Q

When should nitrofurantoin be avoided in UTI?

A

3rd trimester of pregnancy

30
Q

What should be given to pregnant women with UTI in 3rd trimester?

A

Cefalexin

31
Q

What is the first line management UTI in children and young people? (>= 3 months)

A

Trimethoprim (if low risk of resistance) or nitrofurantoin

32
Q

In what cell in the human body do Leishmania parasites multiply?

A

Macrophages

33
Q

What fungal antigen may be detected in blood samples in a patient with invasive aspergillosis?

A

Galactomannan

34
Q

What treatment is used for severe malarial infection?

A

IV artesunate

35
Q

What is the scientific name of the pork tapeworm?

A

Taenia solium

36
Q

What is the appropriate treatment for Visceral Leishmaniasis?

A

Liposomal amphotericin B

37
Q

What is the treatment for human tapeworms in adults?

A

Praziquantel

38
Q

What is the primary infective lesion produced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis called in the lungs?

A

Ghons focus

39
Q
A

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