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Step 1 Qbank > Micro- that moment when the answer is at the tip of your tongue but you're like shit i dont know it > Flashcards

Micro- that moment when the answer is at the tip of your tongue but you're like shit i dont know it Flashcards

(60 cards)

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1
Q

Germ Tube

A

Candida

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2
Q

Cold agglutinin

A

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

leads to anemia during infection

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3
Q

Hartnup disease

A

Tryptophan malabsorption leads to pellagra (niacin B3 deficiency) 3D dementia diarrhea, dermatitis

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4
Q

Only pathological fungus with polysaccharides capsule

A

Cryptococcus neoformans

Red polysaccharides capsule on mucicarmine
Clear unstained zone on india ink

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5
Q

First line treatment for Toxoplasma gondii

A

pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine

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6
Q

Focal brain lesion in HIV pt MRI

2 most common cause

A 
Toxoplasma gondii
Primary lymphoma (usually B cell lymphoma w/ EBV)

less common- primary gliobastoma multiforme, metastatic carcinoma, abscess (cryptococcus neo, tuberculosis)

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7
Q

Maternal rubella

A

polyarthralgia after infection

-also has rash, fever, post auricular lympadenopathy

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8
Q

Haemophilus ducreyi

A

Chancroid

PAINFUL initial lesion
Multiple and deep ulcers
Base may have gray to yellow exudate
Organisms often clump in long parallel strands (school of fish)

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9
Q

Non painful initial genital lesion

A

Syphilis
Kebsiella inguinale (granuloma inguinale – donovan bodies (intracytoplasmic cysts)
Chlamydia trachomatis– lymphogranuloma venereum- buboes

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10
Q

Lymphogranuloma venereum

A

Chlamydia Trachomatis L1-L3

Initial lesion is NOT painful
Followed by swollen painful inguinal nodes that coalesce, ulcerate, and rupture
Intracytoplasmic chlamydial inclusion bodies
Lymph node eventually develop stellate abscesses and start draining

Treat with doxycycline

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11
Q

Alchohol and Chlorhexidine cleaning mechanism

A

Both Disrupt cell membrane

Alcohol denature protien
Chlorhexidine coagulates the cytoplasm

Neither destroy spores

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12
Q

Iodine disinfectant mechanism

A

Halogenation of protein and nucleic acid

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13
Q

Post Herpetic Neuralgia

A

Dermatomal pain that persists for >1 month after a zoster eruption

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14
Q

Chronic Granulomatous Disease diagnostic tests

A

Measure neutrophil superoxide production

DHR flow cytometry (dihydrorhodamine)
Nitroblue tetrazolium test

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15
Q

Catalase positive organisms

A

Staph
Nocardia

Aspergillus
Burkholderia
Serratia

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16
Q

Osteomyelitis in sickle cell pt

A

1 Salmonella

2 E.coli

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17
Q

Erythema infectiosum

A

Parvovirus

ONLY SINGLE STRANDED DNA VIRUS

Also cause Fetal hydrops and aplastic anemia

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18
Q

Another way to say “antitoxin”

A

Passive immunization with the Antibodies!!

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19
Q

Ether mechanism of disinfection

A

Dissolve lipid bilayer of virus

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20
Q

Dark Urine and Facial puffiness preceded by minor infection

A

Group A betahemolyitic strep

Strep pyogenes

Glomerulonephritis

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21
Q

Selective culture

A

Grows Neisseria gonorrhoeae by inhibiting other orgnaisms

Thayer Martin VCN (vanc/colistin/nystatin)

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22
Q

CMV cellular receptor

A

Cellular integrins

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23
Q

Rabies cellular receptor

A

Acetylcholine receptors

Present with agitation, disorientation, pharyngospasm, photophobia leading to coma and death
Hypersalivation
Preceded by flue like prodrome

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24
Q

Nikolsky sign

A

skin slipping off with gentle pressure

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25
Malassezia furfur
Tinea Versicolor Spaghetti and meatball appearance histology
26
Widened mediastinum with medusa head colonies
Bacillus anthrax- pulmonary Woolsorter disease only bacteria with polypeptide caspule!!!- Dglutamate
27
Pathogenicity of Shigella
Cell invasion
28
Pesudoappendicitis
Yersinia enterocolitica Yersinia infects lymph nodes and enlarge causing inflammation
29
Sporothrix schenckii
Sporo"pricks" dimorphic fungi associated with rose thorn prick Pustules, ulcers, and subcutaenous nodules along lympathics
30
Trophozoites and cysts
Giadia lambia fatty foul smelling diarrhea
31
Strongyloides stercoralis
Intestinal infection causing vomiting diarrhea and epigrastic pain Strongyloides penatrate skin and can be diagnosed with rhabditiform (noninfectious) larvae in stool Strongyloides also migrate to lungs so it can deposit egg in GI tract- can have pulmonary disease Treat with ivermectin
32
Enterobius vermicularis
PINWORM treat with bendazole because its bendy Scotch tape test NIght time butt itch
33
Proglottids
Multiple segments of flatworms Taenia solium, T saginata, Diphyllobrothrium latum
34
Diphylloborthrium latum
Ingest larvae from raw freshwater fish Get megaloblastic anemia bc it competes for B12
35
Abscence of deep tendon reflex preceeded by diarrhea
Campylobacter jejuni Guillian Barre Syndrome
36
Has a viral protease that cuts its polycystronic peptide into monocystronic
Echovirus
37
Anemia after minor infection in a sickle cell patients Reticulocyte count not elevated
Parvovirus!! | Single stranded DNA virus
38
Aseptic meningitis
Enterovirus's aka Picornovirus Coxsackie, echovirus, poliovirus, enterovirus
39
Aids patient with meningitis
Cryptococcus neofromans
40
Shigella binding site
M cells in peyer patch | Invasion =pathogenicity
41
Diarrhea infection with small innoculum
Shigella 10 Campylobacter 500 Entamoeba histolytica 1 Giadia lamblia 1
42
Parvovirus
Slapped cheek followed by reticular (lace like) rash
43
Listeria meningitis
Affects immunocompromised people 0-6 babies >60 old people People with transplant and on immunosuppression
44
Tumbling motility gram positive rod
Listeria!!!! Can grow at 4C (cold enrichment)
45
-floxacine | Fluroquinolone method of action
Inhibit topoisomerase | Cant reduce positive coil!!
46
Purpose of conjugated vaccination
Increase immunogenicity by increasing (IgM to IgG) class switch with T cell activation
47
Stool microscopy of Vibrio cholera
Mucous and some epithelial cells V cholera and ETEC do not invade mucosa and does not cause cell death so there are no leukocytes or erythrocytes
48
Empiric Staph treatment
Vancomycin with or without rifampin or gentamycin
49
Most common viral cause of acute hemorragic cystitis in children
Adenovirus
50
Colonizing aspergillosis
Aspergillus grows inside cavity forming a "fungus ball"
51
Most common cause of secondary bacterial pneumonia after URI
Strep pneumoniae, staph aureaus, H influenzae
52
CMV infection in immunoCOMPETENT host
Mono like sypmtoms fever,malaise,myalgia, atypical lymphocytosis and elevated liver transaminiases
53
GBS vs Botulism
Botulism - descending weakness and involvement of ocular muscles GBS- ascending weakness following bloody diarrhea (absent DTR)
54
Brucella infection
Unpasteurized dairy
55
Pink on MacConkey agar
Ferments lactose
56
E.coli meningitis virulence factor
KI capsular antigen
57
Meningitis pathogens have this
MOST HAVE Capsules
58
Verotoxin
Shiga like toxin from EHEC
59
Staph virulence factor
Protein A- bind to Fc region of antibodies Part of the peptidoglycan layer Hemolysin - excreted Destroyes RBC, neutrophils, macrophages, and platelets Super antigen- excreted, binds to outside of MHC class 2 and T cell receptor
60
IgA cleaving antibodies
Strep pneumo and N gonorrheae

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