Micro Unit 1 Flashcards
(37 cards)
What does the following root words mean?
Micro
bio
logy
micro=small
bio=life
logy=study/science
what is Robert Hooke famous for?
He published micrographia which contained observations from an early version of a compound microscope.
He also proposed cell theory
What is cell theory and who came up with the idea?
Cell theory is the idea that all living things are composed of cells and come from preexisting cells.
Robert Hooke
Who was the first amateur microbiologist to observe live microorganisms through a simple single lens microscope?
Anton Van Leeuwenhoek
In 1931 what did Ernst Ruska construct?
He constructed the first electron microscope.
What is Spontaneous Generation?
The hypothesis that living organisms arise from nonliving matter.
Describe what John Needham did to come up with the theory Spontaneous Generation
He boiled nutrient broth into covered flasks and observed microbial growth.
Who finally disproved the theory of spontaneous generation? and by doing what?
Louis Pasteur and he created an experiment like Needham but put the broth in a swan shaped flask in order for no air and microbes to reach the broth. No spontaneous generation seen.
what is biogenesis?
The hypothesis that living organisms arise from preexisting life.
In 1847 what did Ignaz Semmelweiss discover was going on in hospitals in Vienna?
He was a hungarian physician who suspected that doctors were spreading disease during childbirth due to lack of washing hands. He forced Drs to wash their hands while he watched.
Who proposed the germ theory?
Louis Pasteur. He showed a connection between microorganisms and spoilage of food and the germ theory is that microorganisms cause disease.
What did Joseph Lister introduce?
He introduced Phenol (carbolic acid) which kills bacteria and he began treating surgical wounds with phenol solution. He reduced surgical mortality rate. He was inspired by Ignaz Semmelweiss.
What was Robert Koch first to do?
He cultivated the anthrax bacteria outside of the body by using blood serum but at BODY TEMP.
who rediscovered helicobacter pylori?
two Australian scientist, Robin Warren and Barry Marshall.
What did Warren and Marshall conclude about Helicobacter Pylori?
They concluded that most stomach ulcers and gastritis were caused by colonization of this bacteria and not by stress or spicy food as once believed.
What type of environment does H. Pylori thrive in?
It thrives in very acidic environments such as in the stomach.
What type of experiment did Barry Marshall conduct?
He self experimented with ingesting Pylori and contracted Gastritis.
What is John Lykoudis most known for?
He was a Greek practitioner that lost his license for treating patients with peptic ulcers with antibiotics before it was commonly recognized that bacteria was a dominant cause for the disease.
What is an Organism?
Any living thing.
What is a microorganism?
A microscopic form of life including bacteria, protozoa, fungi, algae, viruses and some multicellular parasites.
What is a Pathogen?
Disease-causing organism or agent. It also invades a susceptible host such as a human.
*** What is an infection?
A state in which a host harbors microbes that survive and multiply in or on body tissues.
*** What is a Disease?
A process or event that results in any change from the general state of good health.
What is Pathogenicity?
The ability of of the pathogen to cause a disease by overcoming the host’s immune defenses.
