Microbe Control

Question 1

What is the goal of sterilization?

Answer 1

The destruction of Bacterial endospores

Question 2

Which organism is the most resistant?

Answer 2

Bacterial Endospores

Question 3

Which organisms are the least resistant?

Answer 3

Enveloped Viruses

Question 4

Which agents have the widest target range?

Answer 4

Heat and Radiation

Question 5

Agents that are selective in their cellular targets tend to be…

Answer 5

more restricted in effectiveness

usually target a single cellular component

Question 6

How many antimicrobial targets are there?

Answer 6

4

Question 7

What are the targets for antimicrobials?

Answer 7

1. Cell wall
2. Cell Membrane
3. Protein
4. Nucelic Acids

Question 8

How do antimicrobials interfere with cell walls?

Answer 8

Blocking synthesis

Digesting the cell wall

Question 9

How do antimicrobials interfere with cell membranes?

Answer 9

bind to lipid layer, make a hole and disrupt cellular homeostasis

Question 10

How do antimicrobials interfere with proteins

Answer 10

Causes denaturing

Prevents interaction between protein active site and substrate

Question 11

How do antimicrobials interfere with nucleic acids

Answer 11

Acts as a mutagen

Keeps microbes from making proteins

Question 12

What agents disrupt cell walls?

Answer 12

Chemicals
detergents
Alcohols
Surfactants

Question 13

What agents disrupt cell membranes?

Answer 13

Detergents

Question 14

What agents disrupts proteins?

Answer 14

Moist Heat
Alcohol
Phenolics

Question 15

What agents disrupt nucelic acids?

Answer 15

Formalydhyde
Radiation
Ethelyne Oxide

Question 16

Six (6) methods of physical control

Answer 16

Heat
Cold
Desiccation
Radiation
Filtration
Osmotic Pressure

Question 17

What are the types of heat?

Which heat is sterile?

Answer 17

Moist heat and Dry heat

Dry Heat

Question 18

Microbe heat resisters are

Answer 18

Spores

Question 19

Types of moist heat

Answer 19

Boiling
Pasturization
Non-pressure steam
Pressure steam

Question 20

Is cold microstatic or microbial

Answer 20

Microstatic

Question 21

Dessication is synonomous with

Answer 21

Dessication

Question 22

Radiation types

Answer 22

Ionizing radiation

Non-ioninzing Radiation

Question 23

HEPA filters, filter

Answer 23

air

Question 24

Chemical control agents have _____ action in _______ concentration

Answer 24

Rapid; low

Question 25

Chemical control agents must be ______ in water

Answer 25

soluble

Question 26

Chemical control agents must have a ______ microbial range but be ______ to humans

Answer 26

broad; nontoxic

Question 27

Should chemical agents be able to penetrate inanimate objects?

Answer 27

yes

Question 28

Chemical agents should sanitize, deodorize, and be readily available and affordable?

Answer 28

Yes

Question 29

What factors determine germicidal activity

Answer 29

Chemical concentration | Length of exposure

Question 30

What are the levels of chemical decontamination

Answer 30

High- level germicide Intermediate Low

Question 31

What are characteristics of low level germicides

Answer 31

kills vegatative microbes | some viruses

Question 32

What are characteristics of intermediate level germicides

Answer 32

Kills FUNGAL spores kills resistant pathogens kills viruses

Question 33

What is characteristic of high level germicides

Answer 33

killing endospores

Question 34

If a germicide can kill endospores it is assumed that it can kill most other microbes

Answer 34

yes

Question 35

What are the groups of germicidal sterilizers

Answer 35

``` Chlorine Iodine H2O2 Aldehydes gaseous sterilants ```

Question 36

What are groups of germicidal disinfectants

Answer 36

``` Phenol Chlorohexidine Alcohol Detergents Heavy Metal compounds ```