Microbial Growth

Question 1

An increase in the number of cells in a population

Answer 1

Microbial Growth

Question 2

The range of conditions within which an organism can grow; Principle of limiting factors

Answer 2

Ecological Amplitude

Question 3

What are the 5 categories of temperature requirements for microorganisms to grow in?

Answer 3

Psychrophiles, Mesophiles, Thermophiles, Extreme Thermophiles, Hyperthermophiles

Question 4

Which ecological group is cold-loving, grows best at 15-20 degrees C; they are capable of growth at 0 degrees C.

Answer 4

Psychrophiles

Question 5

This ecological group grows at exactly 4 degrees C

Answer 5

Psychrotrophs

Question 6

This ecological group of organisms grow best between 25-40 degrees C; Includes most human pathogens that grow best at 37 degrees C (human body temperature)

Answer 6

Mesophiles

Question 7

This ecological group grows best between 45-60 degrees C; Some can grow at 90 degrees; Heat Loving; Can be found in compost piles and habitats directly under the sun

Answer 7

Thermophiles

Question 8

This ecological group grows best in temperatures around 80- 121 degrees C

Answer 8

Extreme Thermophiles

Question 9

This ecological group can grow over the boiling point

Answer 9

Hyperthermophiles

Question 10

Most bacteria grow between which pH levels

Answer 10

6.5 and 7.5 because strong acids and bases can be highly damaging to enzymes and other cellular substances

Question 11

This microbe lives in habitats with a high solute concentration of salt

Answer 11

Osmophiles

Question 12

This osmophile prefers high concentrations of salt

Answer 12

Extreme Halophiles

Question 13

This microbe is remarkably resistant to salt, even though they don’t live in high salt areas.

Answer 13

Facultative Halophiles

Question 14

This bacteria gets energy from inorganic molecules and carbon from CO2

Answer 14

Chemoautotrophs

Question 15

This type of bacteria gets energy from sun and carbon from CO2

Answer 15

Phototrophs

Question 16

This bacteria gets energy and carbon from organic molecules

Answer 16

Chemoheterotrophs

Question 17

This bacteria uses light as an energy source and organic materials as a carbon source

Answer 17

Photoheterotrophs

Question 18

Grows only where oxygen diffuses into the medium

Answer 18

Obligate Aerobes

Question 19

Grows best when oxygen is present, but can grow in its absence

Answer 19

Facultative Anaerobes

Question 20

Oxygen is toxic; can only grow in its complete absence

Answer 20

Obligate Anaerobes

Question 21

Do not require oxygen, but can grow in its presence or absence

Answer 21

Aerotolerant Anaerobes

Question 22

Only grows in a very limited amount of oxygen, , but notatmospheric amounts

Answer 22

Microaerophiles

Question 23

Helped introduce microbial growth

Answer 23

Ignatz Semmelweis and Joseph Lister

Question 24

Indicates microbial growth

Answer 24

Sepsis

Question 25

Absence of significant contamination

Answer 25

Asepsis

Question 26

Used to prevent contamination of surgical instruments, medical personnel and the patient during surgery

Answer 26

Aseptic technique

Question 27

An agent that inhibits the growth of bacteria, but does not necessarily kill them

Answer 27

Bacteriostatic Agent

Question 28

An agent that kills certain microorganisms

Answer 28

Germicide

Question 29

Reducing the number of pathogenic microorganisms to the point where they no longer cause diseases

Answer 29

Disinfection

Question 30

This disinfectant is applied to inanimate objects

Answer 30

Disinfectant

Question 31

This disinfectant is applied tol living tissue (antisepsis)

Answer 31

Antiseptic

Question 32

Mechanical removal of most microbes in a limited area. Example. Alcohol swab on skin

Answer 32

De-germing

Question 33

How does moist heat kill microorganisms; moist heat is much more effective than dry heat

Answer 33

By coagulating (denaturing) their proteins

Question 34

This is a chamber that is filled with hot steam under pressure. Preferred method of sterilization, unless material is damaged by heat, moisture or high pressure

Answer 34

Autoclave

Question 35

Reduces metabolic rate of most microbes so they cannot reproduce or produce toxins

Answer 35

Bacteriostatic Effect

Question 36

Removal of microbes through a screen-like material; Used to sterilize heat sensitive materials such as vaccines, enzymes, antibiotics and some culture media

Answer 36

Filtration

Question 37

HEPA, or High Energy Particulate Air Filters

Answer 37

Used in operating rooms and burn units to remove bacteria from the air

Question 38

In the absence of water, microbes cannot grow or reproduce, but some may remain viable for years (keeps bacteria from reproducing)

Answer 38

Dessication