Microbial Growth Control

Question 1

Physical control methods

Answer 1

Heat
Autoclaving
Pasteurization
Filter
Cold
Desiccation
High osmotic pressure
Radiation

Question 2

Factors influence effectiveness of chemical control

Answer 2

Dilution
Time
pH
Organic matter

Question 3

Types of disinfectants

Answer 3

Phenol
Halogens
Heavy metals
Alcohol
Surface active agents
Quats
Aldehydes
(PHHASQuAl)

Question 4

Removal of all microbial life

Answer 4

Sterilization

Question 5

Killing c. Botulinium

Answer 5

Commercial sterilization

Question 6

Removal or pathogens

Answer 6

Disinfection

Question 7

Removal of pathogens from LIVING TISSUE

Answer 7

antisepsis

Question 8

Lower microbial counts on utensils

Answer 8

Sanitation

Question 9

Removal of microbes from LIMITED AREA

Answer 9

Degerming

Question 10

Kills microbes

Answer 10

Biocide / germicide

Question 11

INHIBITING microbes

Answer 11

Bacteriostasis

Question 12

Use light for metabolism
Have chlorophyll
Use carbon dioxide and oxygen - main byproduct
Organic products

Answer 12

Phototrophs

Question 13

Use hydrogen and sulfur

Answer 13

Chemotrophs

Question 14

Needs oxygen
Increase o2
Decrease co2

Answer 14

Aerobic

Question 15

Needs less oxygen
Decrease o2
Increase co2

Answer 15

Anaerobic

Question 16

Time required for a bacteria to grow and divide

Answer 16

Generation time

Question 17

Depicts how a bacteria behaves in a certain medium

Answer 17

Growth curve

Question 18

Growth curve phases

Answer 18

Lag
Log
Stationary
Decline

Question 19

Effectiveness of antimicrobial depends on

Answer 19

Characteristics of microbe
Number of microbe
Environment
Time of exposure
(C-NET)

Question 20

Lowest temp at which all cells in a culture are killed in 10mins

Answer 20

Thermal death point

Question 21

Time to kill all cells in a culture

Answer 21

Thermal death time

Question 22

Minutes to kill 90% of a population at a given temp

Answer 22

Decimal reduction time

Question 23

Effect of moist heat

Answer 23

Protein denaturation

Question 24

Autoclaving

Answer 24

Moist heat
Steam under pressure
15mins 
121C 
15psi

Question 25

Pasteurization

Answer 25

63c for 30 mins 73c for 15 sec 140c for 1 sec

Question 26

Reduce spoilage

Answer 26

Pasteurization

Question 27

Kills by oxidation

Answer 27

Dry heat sterilization

Question 28

Hot air sterilization

Answer 28

170c for 2hrs

Question 29

Removes microbes by trapping in filter

Answer 29

Filtration

Question 30

Inhibits microbial growth

Answer 30

Low tempreature Refrigeration Deep freezing Lyophilization

Question 31

Deep freezing

Answer 31

-20c or -80c

Question 32

Prevents metabolism

Answer 32

Dessication

Question 33

Causes plasmolysis

Answer 33

Osmotic pressure

Question 34

Damages dna

Answer 34

Radiation

Question 35

Types of radiation

Answer 35

Ionizing Non ionizing Microwaves

Question 36

Ionizing radiation

Answer 36

Xray Gamma rays Electron beams

Question 37

Surface sterilization only

Answer 37

Non ionizing radiation | UV

Question 38

Evaluating a disinfectant

Answer 38

Dilution test | Disk diffusion

Question 39

Dilution test

Answer 39

Metal ring dipped in bacteria - dry Dried ring place in diluted disinfectant Transfer to culture Determine if bacteria survived the treatment

Question 40

Disruption of plasma membrane

Answer 40

Phenols

Question 41

Types of phenolics

Answer 41

O-phenylphenol (lysol) Hexachlorophene Triclosan Turpinol ( pine-sol)

Question 42

Halogens

Answer 42

``` Iodine Povidone iodine Sodium hypochlorite Bromine tablets Chlorine gas ```

Question 43

Denature protein by breaking disulfide bonds

Answer 43

Iodine and betadine | Heavy metals

Question 44

Strong oxidizers

Answer 44

Bromine | Chlorine

Question 45

Denatures proteins and dissolve lipids

Answer 45

Alcohol

Question 46

Heavy metals

Answer 46

Mercurachron Copper sulfate Zinc chloride Silver nitrate

Question 47

Antiseptic for wounds

Answer 47

Mercurachron

Question 48

Algicide

Answer 48

CuSo4

Question 49

Mouth wash

Answer 49

Znc chloride

Question 50

Antiseptic for eyes, wounds

Answer 50

Silver nitrate

Question 51

Surface active agents

Answer 51

Soap | Acid anionic detergents

Question 52

Degerming

Answer 52

Soap

Question 53

Sanitizing

Answer 53

Acid anionic detergents

Question 54

Disrupt plasma membrane | Denature proteins

Answer 54

Quats

Question 55

Quats

Answer 55

Benzalkonium cl Roccal Cationic detergents ( cetylpyridinium )

Question 56

Zephiran

Answer 56

Benzalkonium cl

Question 57

Cepacol

Answer 57

Cetylpyridinium chloride

Question 58

Inactivate proteins by cross linkingnwith functional groups

Answer 58

Aldehydes

Question 59

Disinfectant for hospital equipments

Answer 59

Aldehydes

Question 60

Denature proteins | Dissolve membranes

Answer 60

Acids and bases

Question 61

Naoh

Answer 61

Floor cleaner

Question 62

Ammonium hydroxide

Answer 62

Break down lipids

Question 63

Benzoid caid

Answer 63

Food products

Question 64

Gas sterilants

Answer 64

Denature proteins

Question 65

Ethylene oxide

Answer 65

Sterilize hospital equip Disposable lab plastic ware Carcinogenic

Question 66

Dialysis equipment

Answer 66

Peracetic acid

Question 67

Swimming pool

Answer 67

O3 | Cl2

Question 68

Skin

Answer 68

H2o2

Question 69

Most resistant - least resistant

Answer 69

``` Prions Endospore of bacteria Mycobacteria Cysts of protozoa Vegetative protozoa Gram neg Fungi Gram pos Virus wd envelope ```

Question 70

Poor in endospore | Good in mycobacteria

Answer 70

Phenolics | Alcohols

Question 71

Not effective in both endospore and mycobacteria

Answer 71

Quats

Question 72

Fair effectiveness in endospore and mycobacteria

Answer 72

Chlorines

Question 73

Fair im endospores | Good im mycobacteria

Answer 73

Aldehydes

Question 74

Factors affecting microbial control

Answer 74

Temperature Species Environment