Microbio Lecture Quiz Chapter 1

Question 1

pathogens are

Answer 1

viruses, bacteria, and fungi that cause harm

Question 2

microbe is

Answer 2

a living organism that needs a microscope to be seen

Question 3

cell

Answer 3

smallest unit of life

Question 4

viruses

Answer 4

noncellular microbes that cant replicate on their own

Question 5

microbial cells can be

Answer 5

prokaryotic or eukaryotic

Question 6

prokaryotic cells

Answer 6

no nucleus and include bacteria and archaea

Question 7

eukaryotic cells

Answer 7

nucleus and include fungi, protozoa, and algae

Question 8

microbes are classified by

Answer 8

shared set of traits, genes, and species

Question 9

robert hooke

Answer 9

built first compound microscope

Question 10

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

Answer 10

observed bacteria w single lens microscope

Question 11

spontaneous generation

Answer 11

the theory that microbes can arise spontaneously

Question 12

louis pasteur proved that

Answer 12

bacteria were living things capable of reproducing and cause harm

Question 13

germ theory of disease

Answer 13

specific diseases are caused by microscopic germs

Question 14

% mortalility

Answer 14

deaths/# hospilizations X 100

Question 15

kochs postulates overview

Answer 15

linking a pathogen with a disease

Question 16

koch postulates pt 1

Answer 16

microbe is found in all cases of the disease except healthy people

Question 17

koch postulates pt 2

Answer 17

microbe is isolated from diseased host and grown in pure culture

Question 18

koch postulates pt 3

Answer 18

microbe is introduced to healthy susceptible host and same disease occurs

Question 19

koch postulates pt 4

Answer 19

same strain of microbe is taken from newly diseased host

Question 20

koch postulates cant be applied to all diseases including

Answer 20

HIV and M. Tb

Question 21

lynn margulis

Answer 21

discovered endosymbiosis

Question 22

DNA

Answer 22

double helix, antiparallel structures, have hereditary info

Question 23

Rosalind franklin

Answer 23

proposed that DNA is a double helix which led to DNA sequencing

Question 24

Youre working on an organic farm and notice that cucumbers are yellowing and bumpy, and their leaves are wrinkled and withered. After collecting leaves from affected plants, you process samples. The infectious agent is microbial and dont grow on standard laboratory media, but it is single-stranded RNA. What is it?

Answer 24

virus

Question 25

Which of Koch's postulates describes why multiple students have similar symptoms and same test results, while others have had no symptoms and are not infected?

Answer 25

The microbe is found in all cases of the disease but is absent from healthy individuals.

Question 26

Microorganisms, such as bacteria that can convert nitrogen into nitrate, are found where?

Answer 26

the environment

Question 27

Who coined the term "cells" based on his observations of cork using a compound microscope?

Answer 27

Robert Hooke

Question 28

Which theory proposes how the first eukaryotic cells evolved?

Answer 28

Endosymbiotic theory

Question 29

vaccines were the first to be discovered by

Answer 29

taking the virus, exposing it to chemicals, giving it to patient

Question 30

Alexander Fleming (penicillin)

Answer 30

noticed mold that killed bacteria, helped produce chemical successful of treating patients

Question 31

endosymbiosis

Answer 31

evolution of eukaryotes and multicellular life

Question 32

Carl Woese

Answer 32

proposed archaea is prokaryotic and found only in extreme environments

Question 33

discovery of viruses

Answer 33

some contagious diseases were filterable and couldnt be bacterial cells

Question 34

tobacco mosaic virus

Answer 34

first virus to be discovered

Question 35

Mycobacterium leprae is an obligate intracellular pathogen. Which of Koch's postulates cant be applied to establish disease causation?

Answer 35

The microbe is isolated from the diseased host and grown in pure culture.

Question 36

What did Ignaz Semmelweis demonstrate to be an important means of preventing disease transmission?

Answer 36

handwashing

Question 37

What scientist accidentally discovered that an attenuated strain of a microbe can cause immunity?

Answer 37

Louis Pasteur

Question 38

Lynn Margulis proposed that

Answer 38

mitochondria and chloroplasts evolved by endosymbiosis from prokaryotic cells