Microbiology 4: Infection Cases Flashcards
(22 cards)
What is the typical appearance of Pneumocystis Jiroveccii pneumonia on CT ?
What happens to them on exercise?
- Bilateral Widespread patchy consolidation + ground glass appearance
- Reduced exercise tolerance
Mx of pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia
Co-trimoxazole
How to confirm Dx of PCP
What stain do you use?
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Cytology
silver stain (Grocott-Gomori stain)
Which sinus infections are poorly controlled diabetics more susceptible to ?
Rhinocerebral mucormycosis
A fungal infection that infects the sinuses and can invade into the frontal lobes of the brain
The fungi is called Mucor
Which organisms are people with complement defficiency more susceptible to ?
- Encapsulated organisms - Neisseria Meningitidis, Streptococcus Pneumoniae
Which organisms are people with neutrophil deficiency more susceptible to ?
Staphylococcus infections
Which organisms are people with T cell deficiencies more susceptible to ? (4)
- Candida
- PCP
- CMV
- EBV
Which indolent infections are more common in alcoholics ?
Actinomycetes lung/ brain abscesses
Which histological feature is characteristic of actinomyces infections ?
Basophilic sulphur granules
Which antibiotic is recommended for treatment of mild C.diff infections ?
Metronidazole
Which antibiotic is recommended for treatment of severe C.diff infections ?
Vancomycin + metronidazole
antibiotics for pneumocystitis jirovecii pneumonia
co-trimoxazole
what is the main determinant of immune damage in HIV
CD4+ count
what type of infections do you get in B cell deficiency
strep, staph
enteroviral encephalitis
giardia
recurrent sinopulmonary infections
what type of infections do you get in neutrophil deficiency
staph, pseudomonas
candida, aspergillus
common bacteria causing diarrhoea
E coli O157
shigella
salmonella
C. diff
what drugs, aside from antibiotics, can cause C. diff
- cytotoxic drugs
- antacids/ PPIs
- non-surgical GI procedures eg NG tube
how does C. diff infection present
- explosive, watery, foul-smelling diarrhoea
- high WCC + low CRP
Is diarrhoea a marker for severity in C. diff?
not a marker for severity because in very severe C. difficile colitis, you may NOT get any diarrhoea as you could get an ileus which could lead to megacolon
Which antibiotics can be associated with C. diff?
ALL - using ABx can disrupt bowel flora and lead to C diff
Mx of osteomyelitis
- Removal of devitalised tissues and the prevention of extension of infection by providing adequate drainage is extremely important
- And then give antimicrobials (this alone not useful)
Most important part of Tx of prosthetic joint infections
- Removal of prosthesis and adequate debridement is the MOST COMMON part of treatment
- Then can give ABx
