Microbiology Ch. 36 Flashcards
A disease associated with a pathogen that can be transmitted from one host to another.
Communicable disease
The period after pathogen entry into a host and before signs and symptoms appear.
Incubation Period
A small change in the antigenic character of an organism that allows it to avoid attach by the immune system
Atigenic Drift
The resistance of a population to infection and spread of an infectious agent due the immunity of a high percentage of the population
Herd Immunity
The study of the factors determining and influencing the frequency and distribution of disease, injury, and other health-related events and their causes in defined human populations
Epidemiology
An infection that is acquired during the stay of a patient in a hospital or other type of clinical care facility
Nosocomial infection
A disease that is commonly or constantly present in a population, usually at a relatively steady low frequency
Endemic Disease
Measures the number of individuals who become ill as a result of a particular disease within a susceptible population during a specific time period
Morbidity rate
A disease that suddenly increases in occurrence above the normal level in a given population
Epidemic
A major change in the antigenic character of an organism that makes it unrecognized by host immune mechanisms
Antigenic shift
The ratio of the number of deaths from a given disease to the total number of cases of the disease
Mortality rate
An increase in the occurance of a disease within a large and geographically widespread population (often refers to a worldwide epidemic)
Pandemic
A disease of animals that can be transmitten to humans
Zoononses
