Microbiology Chapter 1

Question 1

What is microbiology?

Answer 1

The study of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites.

Question 2

True or False: All microorganisms are harmful to humans.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Fill in the blank: The three domains of life are Bacteria, Archaea, and ____.

Answer 3

Eukarya

Question 4

What type of microorganism is unicellular and prokaryotic?

Answer 4

Bacteria

Question 5

Which microorganism is known for causing diseases like the flu?

Answer 5

Viruses

Question 6

Multiple choice: Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of living organisms? A) Growth B) Metabolism C) Inability to reproduce D) Response to stimuli

Answer 6

C) Inability to reproduce

Question 7

Define pathogenic.

Answer 7

Capable of causing disease.

Question 8

What is the primary function of the cell wall in bacteria?

Answer 8

To provide structural support and protection.

Question 9

True or False: Antibiotics are effective against viral infections.

Answer 9

False

Question 10

What is the term for the process by which bacteria reproduce?

Answer 10

Binary fission

Question 11

Multiple choice: Which of the following is a common method of sterilization? A) Boiling B) Freezing C) Pasteurization D) Filtration

Answer 11

A) Boiling

Question 12

Fill in the blank: The study of fungi is known as ____.

Answer 12

Mycology

Question 13

What is the role of the ribosome in a cell?

Answer 13

To synthesize proteins.

Question 14

True or False: Eukaryotic cells do not have a nucleus.

Answer 14

False

Question 15

What type of pathogen is responsible for malaria?

Answer 15

Protozoa

Question 16

Multiple choice: Which structure is found in eukaryotic cells but not in prokaryotic cells? A) DNA B) Ribosome C) Nucleus D) Cell membrane

Answer 16

C) Nucleus

Question 17

What is the function of lysosomes?

Answer 17

To digest and break down waste materials and cellular debris.

Question 18

Fill in the blank: The process of converting glucose into energy is called ____.

Answer 18

Cellular respiration

Question 19

What is a virus composed of?

Answer 19

A core of genetic material (DNA or RNA) surrounded by a protein coat.

Question 20

True or False: All bacteria are harmful.

Answer 20

False

Question 21

What is an example of a beneficial bacteria?

Answer 21

Lactobacillus

Question 22

Multiple choice: Which of the following is a common method of bacterial identification? A) Gram staining B) PCR C) Both A and B D) None of the above

Answer 22

C) Both A and B

Question 23

Define opportunistic pathogen.

Answer 23

A microorganism that causes disease primarily in immunocompromised hosts.

Question 24

What is the significance of the Gram stain?

Answer 24

It helps to classify bacteria into two groups: Gram-positive and Gram-negative.

Question 25

Fill in the blank: Bacteria that require oxygen to grow are called ____.

Answer 25

Aerobes