Microbiology Part II

Question 1

Where do Microaerophilic microbes grow?

Answer 1

Candle Jar culture

-prefer low O2

Question 2

What is zoonosis?

Answer 2

Transfer of disease from animal to human

Question 3

Anthrax AKA. What type of bacteria?

Answer 3

Woolsorter’s Disease
Gram + Rods
*Sporulates

Question 4

What is Ames test for? WHat does it use?

Answer 4

Carcinogenicity

Salmonella Typhimurium

Question 5

What does ASO titer test for?

Answer 5

Strep pyogenes antibodies/ Rheumatic Fever

Question 6

WHat does BOD test for?

Answer 6

“Biological Oxygen Demand”

-best test for water pollution (any pollution)

Question 7

What does Catalase test for?

Answer 7

Staph (cat +) vs. Strep (cat -)

Question 8

What does chocolate agar test for?

Answer 8

Gonorrhea

AKA Thayer Martin Agar/ Heated blood agar

Question 9

What does coagulase test for?

Answer 9

Staph Aureus (Coag +) vs. other staph (Coag -) pathogenic vs. non pathogenic

Question 10

What does HLA B27 test for?

Answer 10

Seronegative Arthritides
-PEAR
psoriatic
enteropathic arthropathy
AS
Reiter's

Question 11

What does CD4 test for?

Answer 11

AIDS

-ELISA checks DNA, Western Blot check protein

Question 12

WHat does Paul Bunnel test for?

Answer 12

Mononucleosis (Heterophile Agglutination)

Question 13

What does Quellung test for?

Answer 13

Swelling of capsule of strep pneumoniae

Question 14

What does Sabouraud Agar test for?

Answer 14

Fungi

Question 15

What does Schick test for?

Answer 15

Immunity to diphtheria

Question 16

What does Weil Felix Test for?

Answer 16

All rickettsia but Coxiella Burnetii

Question 17

What does Widel test for?

Answer 17

Typhoid Fever

Question 18

What does Tzank test for?

Answer 18

Herpes (Zoster, Simplex, and Varicella)

Question 19

WHat are some notable syphilis tests?

Answer 19

Kahn
Wasserman
VDRL (Venerial Disease research lab)
Darkfield

Question 20

What does Ziehl Nelson Staining demonstrate?

Answer 20

Acid Fast Organisms

Question 21

What is the best test for TB?

Answer 21

Active Sputum Culture

Question 22

How does an autoclave affect bacteria?

Answer 22

Denatures membranes- All but prions

Question 23

What is the major sequelae of vaccinations

Answer 23

Guillian-Barre AKA post-infectious polyradiculopathy

-post vaccination (flu) or infection

Question 24

White color pus means…

Answer 24

Chlamydia

Question 25

What is the #1 bacteria seen with Cystic Fibrosis?

Answer 25

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa (loves hot, warm places)

Question 26

Which infection fluoresces blue under UV light from Pyocyanin and Fluorescin pigment?

Answer 26

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa

Question 27

What is yellow pus seen with?

Answer 27

Staph Aureus *Remember AU= Gold

Question 28

What is yellow/ green pus seen with?

Answer 28

Gonorrhea

Question 29

What is white Discharge seen with?

Answer 29

Candida (yeast infection) *remember to differentiate white discharge (candida) v. white purulent discharge (Chlamydia)

Question 30

What is Iodine used for?

Answer 30

Pre-op disinfectant | -also a fixer of gram stain

Question 31

Penicillin affects which bacteria? How?

Answer 31

Gram + | Inhibits cell wall synthesis

Question 32

Tetracycline affects which bacteria? How? What is the main sign?

Answer 32

Gram + and - (Broad Spectrum) Inhibits protein synthesis Turns teeth gray or yellow brown

Question 33

What did Flemming do?

Answer 33

Discovered penicillin

Question 34

What did Iwanowski do?

Answer 34

Discovered the virus | -Tobacco mosaic was the first

Question 35

What did Koch do?

Answer 35

- Proved that bacteria causes disease --> Koch's Postulates | - Anthrax vaccine

Question 36

What did Stanley Pyusner do?

Answer 36

Discovered Prions

Question 37

What did Sabin do?

Answer 37

Developed live polio vaccine, given orally

Question 38

What did Salk do?

Answer 38

Developed dead polio vaccine, by injection. Before Sabin's live vaccine.

Question 39

What did Semmelweiss do?

Answer 39

Started washing hands before delivering babies and significantly reduced Puerperal fever (Childbed fever)

Question 40

What do you look for when examining an agar plate?

Answer 40

``` Dwarf Spreaing Mucoid capsule forming: related to virulence Compact ***Rough ***Smooth ```

Question 41

How will Alpha (partial) hemolysis appear on blood agar?Seen with which bacteria?

Answer 41

Green ring | Strep Pneumoniae and viridans

Question 42

How will Beta (complete) hemolysis appear on blood agar? Seen with which bacteria?

Answer 42

Clear ring | Strep pyogenes

Question 43

How will Gamma hemolysis appear on blood agar? Seen with which bacteria?

Answer 43

Red Ring | Strep mutans

Question 44

Which bacteria causes Cavities (caries)?

Answer 44

Strep Mutans

Question 45

What is plasmid DNA transfer via Sex pilus?

Answer 45

Conjugation

Question 46

What is bacteriophage transfer of genetic material between bacteria bacteriophage?

Answer 46

Transduction

Question 47

What is direct uptake of free DNA?

Answer 47

Transformation

Question 48

What does the CDC do?

Answer 48

Compiles stats, not research | -In ATL

Question 49

What does HHS do?

Answer 49

Controls FDA, CDC, and USPHS (Educates)

Question 50

What is Incidence?

Answer 50

of NEW cases in given time period

Question 51

What is prevalence?

Answer 51

TOTAL # of cases at a particular point in time

Question 52

What is the water purification process in order

Answer 52

Primary Tx: - FIltration - Flocculation - Sedimentation - Sludge Digestion Secondary Tx: - Sand Filtration - Aeration - Chlorination - Possible FLuoridation

Question 53

What happens during flocculation?

Answer 53

Aluminum Trichloride is added. Its a precipitant, so it causes clumping

Question 54

What happens during sand filtration?

Answer 54

Removes anaerobic bacteria | -may be refered to as "trickling filter"

Question 55

What happens during sludge digestion?

Answer 55

Anaerobic bacteria are added