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Board Review Part 1 > Spinal Anatomy > Flashcards

Spinal Anatomy Flashcards

(50 cards)

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1
Q

What is the embryological order?

A

Notochord –> Neural Plate –> Neural Groove –> Neural Tube –> Neural Crest Cells`

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2
Q

Cleft palata is failure of what 2 bones to fuse?

A

Maxillary and palatine

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3
Q

Epimere controls what?

A

Dorsal, posterior mm, EXTENSORS

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4
Q

Hypomere controls what?

A

Ventral, anterior mm, FLEXORS

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5
Q

What bones ossify through intramambranous ossification?

A

Clavicle and all flat bones of skull

*All others are enchondral

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6
Q

Ventral Posteromedial thalamus receives sensory from where?

A

Face

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7
Q

Ventral Posterolateral thalamus receives sensory from where?

A

Arms and legs

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8
Q

Lateral Geniculate Thalamus receives sensory from where?

A

Eyes

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9
Q

Medial Geniculate Thalamus receives sensory from where?

A

Ears

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10
Q

What is the midline connection of hippocampus?

A

Fornix

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11
Q

Wernickes area is destroyed by __ deficiency and causes word blindness in __ __.

A

B1
word blindness
Can read and see, but dont understand

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12
Q

Caudate Ganglia secretes __. Deficiency causes what?

A

GABA

Huntongton’s

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13
Q

Striatum Ganglion is made up of what? What separates them?

A

Putamen
caudate
-internal capsule

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14
Q

Lentiform ganglion is made up of what? degeneration causes what?

A

Globus pallidus
putamen
parkinsons

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15
Q

Absence of Meissner’s and Auerbach’s plexus’ causes what?

A

no peristalsis and congenital megacolon

AKA Hirschprungs Dz

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16
Q

Damage to PICA causes what?

A

Wallenberg syndrome

-Ipsilateral loss of pain and temp to head, contralateral to body

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17
Q

What gives blood to Anterior 2/3 cord?

A

Anterior Spinal artery

-from both vertebrae

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18
Q

What gives blood to Posterior 1/3 cord?

A

Posterior Spinal artery

-off radicular arteries

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19
Q

What drains into straight sinus? where is straight sinus?

A

Great cerebral vein
in tentorium cerebelli
*Great is Straight

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20
Q

What goes into the Superior Sagittal Sinus?

A

Superior Cerebral Vein

*Superior is Superior

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21
Q

Confluens of Sinuses AKA

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A

Torculus Herophilus

22
Q

What feeds the lumbar and sacral sections of spinal cord?

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A

LArge radicular artery AKA Artery of Adam Kiewictz

23
Q

Epidural Herorrhage is caused by dameg to…

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A

Middle Meningeal Artery

24
Q

Subdural Hemorrhage is caused by damage to…

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A

Venous System

25
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage is caused by damage to...
Beri Aneurysm (Circle of willis)
26
Where is carotid tubercle?
TP of C6
27
What does rubrispinal tract do?
from red nucleus of midbrain - proximal muscle flexors of upper and lower extremities * marching band muscles
28
What does reticulospinal tract control?
Extensor muscles of back and arms
29
Where is corticospinal tract? what is AKA?
Precentral gyrus of frontal lobe (giant cells of betz) | AKA Pyramidal tract
30
What does lateral corticospinal tract control?
flexors of distal extremities
31
What does ventral corticospinal tract control?
flexors of trunk
32
Nucleus Dorsalis of Clarke (7) runs from where to where? Where is it in spinal cord?
C8-L2 | Lateral horn
33
Where is rexed lamina 2?
Substantia gelatinosa | -blocks pain
34
Where is Rexed nucleus 9?
Anterior horn, alpha motor | Anterior horn, gamma motor
35
Where is rexed lamina 10?
Gray commissure, central canal
36
Muscle Spindle complex detects what?
Type 1A fibers --> Stretch (Spindle = Stretch)
37
Golgi Tendon Organ detects what?
Type 1B fibers --> Tension (Tendon = Tension)
38
What tract controls response to light and sound?
Tectospinal
39
Substantia nigra makes __ for the __
dopamine | thalamus
40
What is insertion of Temporalis?
Coronoid of Mandible
41
What is origin and insertion of Masseter?
O: Zygomatic I: External Angle of Jaw
42
External/lateral pterygoid insertion? Action?
Disc of TMJ ONLY MUSCLE THAT OPENS THE JAW -can say open/ depresses/ protrudes
43
Mneumonic for muscles of mastication
``` TIME Temporalis Internal/ Medial Pterygoid Masseter External/ Lateral Pterygoid ```
44
What are the parasympathetic nerves?
CN 3, 7, 9, 10 | S2-4 (Pelvis Splanchnic)
45
What is nucleus solitarius?
CN 7, 9, 10 - greatest input into parasympathetics - why people eat when stressed
46
Disruption of cervical chain ganglion leads to what?
Horner's syndrome - ptosis, miosis, anhydrosis - pancoast tumor
47
What is greater splanchnic nerve composed of?
T5-9 --> Celiac Plexus --> Digestion
48
Where is lesser splanchnic N? What does it control?
T10-11 | kidneys, adrenals
49
What is the purple pigment?
Rhodopsin
50
What is MCC of blindness in the elderly?
Macular degeneration

Board Review Part 1 (7 decks)

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