Microscope

Question 1

What is a microscope?

Answer 1

An instrument used to see objects that are too small for the naked eye

Microscopes can magnify images of small objects, allowing for detailed observation.

Question 2

What are the parts of a light microscope?

Answer 2

• Eyepiece
• Objective lenses
• Stage
• Light source
• Base
• Arm

Each part plays a crucial role in the functioning of the microscope.

Question 3

How do you calculate magnification?

Answer 3

Magnification = Eyepiece lens magnification × Objective lens magnification

This formula helps determine the total magnification of the specimen being observed.

Question 4

What is the first step in using a microscope?

Answer 4

Place the slide on the stage and secure it with stage clips

Proper placement of the slide is essential for accurate observation.

Question 5

How do you prepare a wet mount?

Answer 5

1. Place a drop of water on a slide
2. Add the specimen
3. Place a coverslip at an angle

This technique helps to observe living cells in their natural state.

Question 6

What is the purpose of staining cells?

Answer 6

To enhance contrast and visibility of cellular structures

Stains can highlight specific parts of the cell, making them easier to observe under a microscope.

Question 7

What are the rules for drawing scientific diagrams?

Answer 7

• Use a sharp pencil
• Draw in proportion
• Label clearly
• Include a title

Following these rules ensures diagrams are informative and scientifically accurate.

Question 8

What is the cell theory?

Answer 8

1. All living organisms are composed of cells
2. The cell is the basic unit of life
3. All cells arise from pre-existing cells

This foundational concept defines our understanding of biology.

Question 9

List three key differences between plant and animal cells.

Answer 9

• Plant cells have a cell wall
• Plant cells contain chloroplasts
• Animal cells have lysosomes

These differences are crucial for understanding cell function and classification.

Question 10

What are organelles?

Answer 10

Specialized structures within a cell that perform distinct functions

Organelles include structures like the nucleus, mitochondria, and ribosomes.

Question 11

What is the function of the nucleus?

Answer 11

Acts as the control center of the cell, housing genetic material

The nucleus plays a vital role in regulating gene expression and cell division.

Question 12

What is the primary function of mitochondria?

Answer 12

To produce energy in the form of ATP through cellular respiration

Mitochondria are often referred to as the powerhouse of the cell.

Question 13

What is the role of the cell membrane?

Answer 13

Regulates the movement of substances in and out of the cell

The cell membrane is crucial for maintaining homeostasis.

Question 14

What do ribosomes do?

Answer 14

Synthesize proteins from amino acids

Ribosomes can be found free in the cytoplasm or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum.

Question 15

What is the function of the vacuole?

Answer 15

Stores nutrients, waste products, and helps maintain turgor pressure in plant cells

Vacuoles can also play a role in intracellular digestion.

Question 16

What is the purpose of the cell wall?

Answer 16

Provides structure and support to plant cells

The cell wall is composed mainly of cellulose.

Question 17

What is the function of chloroplasts?

Answer 17

Conduct photosynthesis, converting light energy into chemical energy

Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll, which captures light energy.

Question 18

What is cytoplasm?

Answer 18

The jelly-like substance within the cell that contains organelles

Cytoplasm plays a key role in cellular processes and provides a medium for chemical reactions.