Microsoft Azure Fundamentals: Describe Cloud Conceps Flashcards
This deck covers the first of the three-part series that teaches basic cloud concepts, and provides a streamlined overview of many azure services. (139 cards)
1
Q
A
2
Q
A
3
Q
What is an access point?
A
A device that allows wireless-equipped computers and other devices to communicate with a wired network.
4
Q
Define ActiveX.
A
A technology from Microsoft that links desktop applications to the World Wide Web.
5
Q
What can be created using ActiveX tools?
A
Interactive web content such as animations, credit card transactions, or spreadsheet calculations.
6
Q
Give an example of an address.
A
An e-mail address (sales[@]dataprise.com) or a web address (https://www.dataprise.com).
7
Q
What is an anonymous FTP?
A
Archive sites where Internet users can log in and download files without a special username or password.
8
Q
How do users log into anonymous FTP?
A
By entering ‘anonymous’ as a username and their e-mail address as a password.
9
Q
What is Anti-Spam?
A
Techniques used to prevent e-mail spam by both end users and administrators.
10
Q
What is a key feature of the Dataprise Cloud-Based Anti-SPAM e-mail service?
A
It eliminates the spam problem almost entirely.
11
Q
What is an applet?
A
A program capable of running on any computer regardless of the operating system.
12
Q
Fill in the blank: An _______ is a program that can run on any operating system.
A
applet
13
Q
True or False: ActiveX can only be used for viewing documents.
A
False
14
Q
List examples of Internet resource addresses.
A
- e-mail address
- web address
- internet address
15
Q
What are the trade-offs in anti-spam techniques?
A
Incorrectly rejecting legitimate e-mail vs. not rejecting all spam.
16
Q
A
17
Q
What is an ASCII file?
A
A file that can be opened and read by standard text editor programs on almost any type of computer. Also referred to as ‘plain text files’.
Examples include documents saved in ASCII format within word processors like Microsoft Word or WordPerfect, e-mail messages created by a program like Outlook, or HTML files.
18
Q
What is the AT command set?
A
An industry standard set of commands beginning with the letters ‘AT’ that are used to control a modem.
Example: ATDT tells the modem to dial using touch-tone dialing.
19
Q
What does the term backbone refer to?
A
The main network connections that comprise the Internet or other major network.
20
Q
What is bandwidth?
A
A measurement of the amount of data that can be transmitted over a network at any given time.
21
Q
What is a BCP?
A
Business Continuity Plan; a set of documents, instructions, and procedures enabling a business to respond to accidents, disasters, emergencies, and/or threats without any stoppage in its key operations.
22
Q
What is a binary file?
A
A file that cannot be read by standard text editor programs.
Examples include documents created by applications such as Microsoft Word or DOS files with the extension ‘.com’ or ‘.exe’.
23
Q
What is BinHex?
A
A common file format for Macintosh computers that enables a binary file to be transferred over the Internet as an ASCII file.
Files can be encoded and renamed with an ‘.hqx’ extension.
24
Q
What is a bit?
A
A binary digit (either 0 or 1); the most basic unit of data that can be recognized and processed by a computer.
25
What does BMP stand for?
Bitmap file; a common image format on Windows computers.
26
What is boolean logic?
A form of algebra in which all values are reduced to either true/false, yes/no, on/off, or 1/0.
27
What does bounce mean in email?
A term applied to an e-mail message when it is returned to you as undeliverable.
28
What is a bridge?
A device used for connecting two Local Area Networks (LANs) or two segments of the same LAN.
29
What is a broadband connection?
A high-speed Internet connection, commonly provided by cable modems and DSL.
30
What is a buffer?
A certain amount of RAM allocated as a temporary holding area for data manipulation before transferring it to a device.
31
What does buffered mean?
Data that is collected but not made immediately available.
32
What does BYOD stand for?
Bring Your Own Device; a policy allowing employees to use personal mobile devices to access company data.
33
What is a byte?
A group of adjacent binary digits processed as a unit to form a character; consists of eight bits.
34
What is a cable modem?
A modem that connects to a local cable TV line to provide a continuous Internet connection.
35
What is cache?
A region of computer memory where frequently accessed data can be stored for rapid access.
36
What is a CD-R drive?
A type of disk drive that can create CD-ROMs and audio CDs.
37
What is a CD-ROM?
Compact Disk, Read Only Memory; a high-capacity secondary storage medium.
38
What is a CD-RW disk?
A disk that allows you to write data onto it multiple times.
39
What does CGI stand for?
Common Gateway Interface; a mechanism used by web servers to process data received from a client browser.
40
What is a client?
A program or computer that connects to and requests information from a server.
41
What is client-server technology?
A connection between networked computers where services of one computer (the server) are requested by another (the client).
42
What is cloud computing?
A general term for Internet services such as social networking, online backup, and applications running in a Web browser.
43
What does CMS stand for?
Content Management System; a collection of procedures used to manage workflow in a collaborative environment.
44
What is courseware?
Software designed specifically for use in a classroom or educational setting.
45
What does CPU stand for?
Central processing unit; the part of a computer that oversees all operations and calculations.
46
What does CSP stand for?
Cloud Service Provider; a business model for providing cloud services.
47
What does CSS stand for?
Cascading Style Sheet; a set of rules that define how web pages are displayed.
48
What does DaaS stand for?
Desktop-as-a-Service; outsourcing of a virtual desktop infrastructure to a third-party service provider.
49
What is a daemon?
A small program that performs a specific task, often running in the background.
50
What is defragmentation?
The process of rewriting parts of a file to contiguous sectors on a hard drive to increase access speed.
51
What does degauss mean?
A process used to remove magnetism from computer monitors.
52
What does DHCP stand for?
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol; a protocol that lets a server assign temporary IP addresses to devices.
53
What is a dial up connection?
A connection from your computer that goes through a regular telephone line.
54
What is a digital asset?
Intellectual content that has been digitized and can be referenced online.
55
What does digitize mean?
The act of translating an image, sound, or video clip into digital format for use on a computer.
56
What is a directory?
An area on a disk that contains files or additional divisions called 'subdirectories' or 'folders'.
57
What is disaster recovery?
The process, policies, and procedures related to preparing for recovery of technology infrastructure after a disaster.
58
What does dither mean?
A means by which the illusion of new colors and shades is created by varying the pattern of dots.
59
What does DNS stand for?
Domain Name System; a service for accessing a networked computer by name rather than by numerical address.
60
What is a domain?
Part of an Internet address, consisting of major categories and subdomains.
61
What does dpi stand for?
Dots per inch; a measure of a printer's resolution.
62
What does DVD stand for?
Digital video disk; a type of compact disc that holds more information than CD-ROMs.
63
What is a DVD-RW disk?
A disk that allows you to write data onto it multiple times.
64
What does EAP stand for?
Extensible Authentication Protocol; a general protocol for authentication that also supports multiple authentication methods.
65
What is EGA?
Extended Graphics Adapter; a card (or board) usually found in older PCs that enables the monitor to display 640 pixels horizontally and 350 vertically.
66
What is e-mail archiving?
Email archiving is typically a stand-alone IT application that integrates with an enterprise email server, such as Microsoft Exchange. It accumulates email messages and provides quick, searchable access to archived messages.
67
What are the reasons for implementing an email archiving solution?
Reasons include protection of mission critical data, record retention for regulatory requirements or litigation, and reducing production email server load.
68
What is emulation?
Refers to the ability of a program or device to imitate another program or device; communications software often include terminal emulation drivers.
69
What is Ethernet?
A popular network technology that enables data to travel at 10 megabits per second, often referred to as a 'direct connection'.
70
What is an expansion card?
Also referred to as an expansion board; a circuit board you can insert into a slot inside your computer to give it added functionality.
71
What is FireWire?
A way to connect different pieces of equipment for quick information sharing; also referred to as IEEE1394 High Performance Serial Bus.
72
What is flash memory?
A type of memory that retains information even after power is turned off; commonly used in memory cards and USB flash drives.
73
What are frames in web design?
A feature of some web browsers that enables a page to be displayed in separate scrollable windows.
74
What is freeware?
Copyrighted software available for downloading without charge; unlimited personal usage is permitted.
75
What is greyware?
Refers to malicious software or code that falls in the 'grey area' between normal software and a virus.
76
What does GUI stand for?
Graphical user interface; a mouse-based system that contains icons, drop-down menus, and windows.
77
What is handshaking?
The initial negotiation period immediately after a connection is established between two modems.
78
What does IaaS stand for?
Infrastructure as a Service; providers offer physical or virtual machines and other resources.
79
What is a LAN?
Local area network; a network that extends over a small area, connecting a group of computers.
80
What is LINUX?
An open-source operating system that runs on various hardware platforms, freely available over the Internet.
81
What is main memory?
The amount of memory physically installed in your computer, also referred to as 'RAM'.
82
What does MAPI stand for?
Messaging Application Programming Interface; a system that enables different e-mail programs to interface.
83
What does MDM stand for?
Mobile Device Management; tools intended to distribute applications, data, and configuration settings to mobile devices.
84
What does MHz stand for?
Megahertz; a measurement of a microprocessor's speed, representing one million cycles per second.
85
What is NAT?
Network Address Translation; enables a LAN to use a set of IP addresses for internal traffic.
86
What is a network?
A group of interconnected computers capable of exchanging information.
87
What does NNTP stand for?
Network News Transport Protocol; the protocol used for posting, distributing, and retrieving network news messages.
88
What does OCR stand for?
Optical character recognition; using a visual scanning device to read text from hard copy.
89
What is a packet?
A unit of transmission in data communications, used by the TCP/IP protocol.
90
What is peer-to-peer?
A type of connection between two computers where both perform computations and store data.
91
What does Perl stand for?
Practical Extraction and Report Language; a programming language commonly used for writing CGI scripts.
92
What is personality in computing?
A method of setting up a computer or program for multiple users.
93
What does PGP stand for?
Pretty good privacy; a technique for encrypting e-mail messages.
94
What is Ph?
A type of directory service often referred to as a 'phone book'.
95
What is phishing?
A con that scammers use to electronically collect personal information from users.
96
What does PING stand for?
Packet Internet Groper; a utility used to determine if a computer is connected to the Internet.
97
What is a proxy?
A server that functions as an intermediate link between a client application and a real server.
98
What does RAM stand for?
Random Access Memory; the amount of memory available for use by programs on a computer.
99
What is remote backup?
A service that provides users with a system for the backup and storage of computer files.
100
What does ROM stand for?
Read Only Memory; a special type of memory used to store programs that start a computer.
101
What is a router?
A device used for connecting two Local Area Networks (LANs).
102
What does SAN stand for?
Storage Area Network; a dedicated storage network that provides access to consolidated, block level storage.
103
What does SATA stand for?
Serial Advanced Technology Attachment; an interface used to connect ATA hard drives to a computer's motherboard.
104
What is a security token?
A small device used to provide an additional level of authorization to access a network service.
105
What is shareware?
Copyrighted software available for downloading on a free, limited trial basis.
106
What does SIMM stand for?
Single In-line Memory Module; a small circuit board that can hold a group of memory chips.
107
What does SSID stand for?
Service Set Identifier; a name that identifies a wireless network.
108
What does SVGA stand for?
Super VGA; a set of graphics standards for a computer monitor that offers greater resolution than VGA.
109
What is a T-1 carrier?
A dedicated phone connection supporting data rates of 1.544Mbits per second.
110
What is a T-3 carrier?
A dedicated phone connection supporting data rates of about 43 Mbps.
111
What is 10Base-T?
An adaptation of the Ethernet standard for Local Area Networks over twisted pair wires.
112
What is a table in web design?
A method for formatting information on a page, providing a way to create columns of text.
113
What does TCP/IP stand for?
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol; a set of rules for exchanging information over the Internet.
114
What does TIFF stand for?
Tag Image File Format; a popular file format for storing bit-mapped graphic images.
115
What is UNIX?
A popular multitasking computer system often used as a server for electronic mail or web sites.
116
What does URL stand for?
Uniform Resource Locator; a means of identifying resources on the Internet.
117
What is virtual hosting?
A method for hosting multiple domain names on a computer using a single IP address.
118
What does VoIP stand for?
Voice over Internet Protocol; a means of using the Internet for phone calls.
119
What does WAIS stand for?
Wide Area Information Server; a program for finding documents on the Internet.
120
What does WAN stand for?
Wide Area Network; a group of networked computers covering a large geographical area.
121
What does WAP stand for?
Wireless Application Protocol; a set of communication protocols for enabling wireless access to the Internet.
122
What does WEP stand for?
Wired Equivalent Privacy; a security protocol for wireless local area networks.
123
What does wi-fi stand for?
Wireless Fidelity; a term referring to any type of 802.11 network.
124
What does WLAN stand for?
Wireless Local Area Network; the computers and devices that make up a wireless network.
125
What is the World Wide Web?
A hypertext-based system of servers on the Internet.
126
What does Wi-Fi stand for?
Wireless Fidelity; a generic term from the Wi-Fi Alliance that refers to any type of 802.11 network (e.g., 802.11b, 802.11a, dual-band, etc.).
## Footnote
Products approved as 'Wi-Fi Certified' are certified as interoperable with each other for wireless communications.
127
What is WLAN?
Wireless Local Area Network; the computers and devices that make up a wireless network.
128
What is the World Wide Web?
A hypertext-based system of servers on the Internet. Hypertext is data that contains one or more links to other data.
## Footnote
You use a special program called a 'browser' (e.g., Firefox or Internet Explorer) for viewing World Wide Web pages.
129
What is a worm in computer terms?
A program that makes copies of itself and can spread outside your operating system. Worms can damage computer data and security in much the same way as viruses.
130
What does WPA stand for?
Wi-Fi Protected Access; a standard designed to improve on the security features of WEP.
131
What is a zero-day attack?
A computer threat that tries to exploit vulnerabilities that are unknown to others or the software developer.
## Footnote
Zero-day exploits are used or shared by attackers before the developer of the target software knows about the vulnerability.
132
What are the services Microsoft Azure provides?
It:
- has simple web services for hosting your business presence in the cloud
- supports running fully virtualized computers managing your custom software solutions
- provides a wealth of cloud-based services like remote storage, database hosting, and centralized account management
- offers new capabilities like artificial intelligence (AI) and Internet of Things (IoT) focused services
133
Define cloud computing
The delivery of computing services over the internet. Examples of services include:
Common IT Infrastructure (virtual machines, storage, databases, networking)
Internet of Things
Machine Learning
AI
134
Describe the shared responsibility model
135
Define cloud models, including public, private, and hybrid
136
Identify appropriate use cases for each cloud model.
137
Describe the consumption-based model
138
Compare cloud pricing models
139
