Microtaxonomy Flashcards
What are the three types of speciation?
Allopatric
Parapatric
Sympatric
Type of speciation where gene flow is interrupted when a population is divided into geographically isolated
subpopulations
Allopatric
Occurs when part of a population enters a new habitat bordering the range of the parent
species
Parapatric speciation
happens when gene flow is diminished by: • Polyploidy • Habitat differentiation • Sexual selectionhappens when gene flow is diminished by: • Polyploidy • Habitat differentiation • Sexual selection
Sympatric speciation
Speciation occurs by…
Gradualism
Punctuated equilibrium
Gradual transformation of one species through a series of intermediate forms
Gradualism
Brief bursts of rapid evolution
Punctuated Equillibrium
Species tends to disperse in different
niche, adapting to different speciation
needed in that specific area
Adaptive radiation
Two types of isolation mechanisms
Pre-zygotic
Post zygotic
What are the 4 Pre-zygotic isolation mechanisms
Behavioral
Ecological
Mechanical
Gametic
incompatible reproductive structures between species
Mechanical Isolation
incompatible gametes during fertilization
Gametic Isolation
barriers in the ecology
Ecological Isolation
absence of cross-attraction between individuals of different species, inhibiting
any courtship initiation
Behavioral Isolation
What are the 4 types of postzygotic isolation mechanism
Ecological Availability
Hybrid Availability
Behavioral Sterility
Hybrid sterility
closely related species which are morphologically alike but are behaviorally
and reproductively isolated from each other
Sibling species
species that are alike on the basis of observed features but are genetically
and sexually different
Cryptic species
– species found throughout the tropics
Pantropical species
found in a particular region
endemic species
– those occurring at high elevations on mountain ranges
Montane species
species with uniparental origin
Agamo Species
– species whose two sexes are found in the same individual produced asexually
Panmictic species
produced asexually
Apomictic species
