Mid last Flashcards
What is responsible for the most elasticity of the lung?*
- Elastic forces of the lung tissue determined by elastin and collagen fibers
- Lung smooth muscle elasticity
- Plasma membrane folds in epithelium cells
- Surface tension of the fluid that lines the inside walls of the alveoli and other lung spaces
5.Elasticity of alveoli capillary plexus
4.Surface tension of the fluid that lines the inside walls of the alveoli and other lung spaces
How does the gas exchange take place between alveoli and pulmonary blood?*
As result of active transport
As result of co-transport.
As result of simple diffusion
As result of facilitated diffusion
As result of pinocytosis
As result of simple diffusion
Compared to plasma, saliva has the highest relative concentration of which of the following ions under basal conditions?*
Bicarbonate
Chloride
Potassium
Sodium
Potassium
Biopsies are taken from the antral and duodenal mucosa of a 65-year-old woman. Which of the following hormones can be found in tissue homogenates from both locations?*
- Cholecystokinin (CCK)
- Glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GLIP) (also called gastric inhibitory peptide)
- Gastrin
- Motilin
- Secretin
3.Gastrin
How many layers are there in the respiratory membrane?*
A.Only one alveolar epithelium layer.
B.Two layers consisting of a layer of fluid and alveolar epithelium
C.Four layers consisting of combination of plasma membrane and fluid
D.Five layers consisting of combination of plasma membrane and fluid.
E.Six layers that include epithelial cells, endothelial membrane, and interstitial space.
E.Six layers that include epithelial cells, endothelial membrane, and interstitial space
What percentage of the oxygen transported from the lungs to tissues is carried by the hemoglobin normally?*
5%
20%
40%
67%
97%
97
Gastric emptying is regulated to ensure the chyme enters the duodenum at an appropriate rate. Which of the following factors promotes gastric emptying?*
Anorexia nervosa
Antral peristalsis
Bulimia nervosa
Obesity
Scleroderma
Antral peristalsis
What is the value of intracellular partial pressure of O2 (PO2) relative to PO2 in surrounding peripheral capillaries?*
Intracellular PO2 always higher than PO2 in peripheral capillaries.
Intracellular PO2 always lower than PO2 in peripheral capillaries.
Intracellular PO2 always equals PO2 in peripheral capillaries.
Intracellular PO2 changes unpredictably relative to PO2 in peripheral capillaries.
Can’t be determined.
Intracellular PO2 always lower than PO2 in peripheral capillaries.
The proenzyme pepsinogen is secreted mainly from which of the following structures?*
Acinar cells of the pancreas
Ductal cells of the pancreas
Epithelial cells of the duodenum
Gastric glands of the stomach
Gastric glands of the stomach
What kind of change does take place in the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve during the Bohr effect?*
When the blood passed through peripheral tissues the O2-hemoglobin dissociation curve shifts to the right and downward, in the lungs, on other hand, the curve shifts left and upward.
When blood passed through peripheral tissues the O2-hemoglobin dissociation curve shifts to left and upward, in the lungs, on other hand, the curve right and downward.
The O2-hemoglobin dissociation curve shifts only to the right and downward when the blood circulates through the lung and peripheral tissues.
Only amplitude of the O2-hemoglobin dissociation curve changes during blood circulation through peripheral tissues.
Only steepness of the O2-hemoglobin dissociation curve changes during blood circulation through peripheral tissues.
When the blood passed through peripheral tissues the O2-hemoglobin dissociation curve shifts to the right and downward, in the lungs, on other hand, the curve shifts left and upward.
What does happen during inspiration?*
Alveolar pressure becomes positive.
Pleural pressure becomes more negative.
Pleural pressure becomes positive.
The diaphragm relaxes.
The abdominal muscles contract.
Pleural pressure becomes more negative.
Which of the following can both damage the gastric mucosal barrier and stimulate gastric acid secretion?*
Bile salts
Epidermal growth factor
Gastrin
Helicobacter pylori
Mucous
Helicobacter pylori
19-year-old man is fed intravenously for several weeks following a severe automobile accident. The intravenous feeding leads to atrophy of the gastrointestinal mucosa most likely because the blood level of which of the following hormones is reduced?*
Cholecystokinin only
Gastrin only
Secretin only
Gastrin and cholecystokinin
Gastrin and secretin
Secretin and cholecystokinin
Gastrin only
Which of the following can virtually eliminate the secretion of acid during the gastric phase?*
Antiacids
Antigastrin antibodies
Atropine
Histamine H2 blocker
Proton pump inhibitor
Proton pump inhibitor
What does the inspiratory capacity equal?*
The inspiratory reserve volume
The inspiratory reserve volume plus the tidal volume plus the expiratory reserve volume
The tidal volume plus the inspiratory reserve volume
The tidal volume plus the residual volume
The vital capacity plus the residual volume.
The tidal volume plus the inspiratory reserve volume
