Mid Term Flashcards
(27 cards)
Hungarian Uprising
Who: Citizens of Hungary and Soviet forces
What: Revolution instigated by Budapest students.
When: 10/23-11/10 1956
Where: Budapest, Hungary
Why: One is killed and sparks conflict
How: Citizens organized into militia and combat stationed Soviet forces
Palestinian Liberation Organization
Who: Founded by Arab states
What: Recognized as sole legitimate representative of the Palestinian people.
When: Founded in 1964
Where: Palestine
Why: Has the purpose of creating an independent Palestinian state (nationalism)
How: Liberation of Palestine through armed struggle
George Kennan
Who: Father of Containment
What: Long Telegram, Marshall Plan
When: Cold War
Where: United States
Why: Recently served as a mission head in Moscow and had an understanding of Russia
How: Kennan’s Solution was to wait for the end of Stalin’s radical regime while strengthening the west.
Suez Canal
Who: Egypt vs France + Britain + Israel
What: Gamal Nasser (president) wants to nationalize the canal after Britain and US withdraw funding for Aswan Dam
When: 1956
Where: Egypt, connecting Red Sea to Mediterranean
Why: Team British Attacks hoping to regain access of Western control of the damn, and the ability to transport oil
Great Leap Forward
Who: Led by Mao Zedong
What: Social campaign by People’s Republic of China
When: ‘58-‘61
Where: China
Why: Collectivization (mandatory agricultural) Industrialization
Wants to double steel production of the country
How: Peasants smelt their metal household tools in backyard furnaces.
-45 million dead, 25% reduced food production, heavy forestation
Yalta
Who: Churchill, FDR, Stalin
What: Discussion of post-war Europe reorganization
When: 2/4-2/11, 1945
Where: Livadia Palace near Yalta in Crimea
Why:
-FDR: Soviet participation in UN and Support in Pacific Theater
-Churchill: Free elections and democratic government in Eastern / Central Europe (Poland)
-Stalin: Increased sphere of soviet influence in same regions
How: Denazification and demilitarization of Germany. German War reparations.
“Free” Polish “pledged” by Stalin (not honored)
Zionism
Who: Theodor Herzl
What: Establishing Israel for Jewish People
When: Israel established in 1948
Where: Palestine
Why: The only way the Jewish people could be free of discrimination is in their own state
How: Balfour declaration in 1917 followed by the UN partition plan in 1947
July 26th Movement
Who: Led by Fidel Castro What: Revolution When: July 26th 1959 Where: Cuba Why: Overthrow the Fulgencio Batista dictatorship
De-colonization
Who: French and Vietnamese What: The undoing of colonialism When: Vietnam - 1945 August Revolution Where: Algeria, Vietnam Why: Freedom from a foreign ruling body How: Revolution
National Liberation Front
Who: Group for the Independence of Algeria from France
What: Revolutionary Body for directing the war of independence against france
When: Established 11/1/54
Where: Algeria
Why: Algerian Nationalism
How: Anti-colonial and Anti-imperial views supported by the people
McCarthyism
Who: Named for Senator Joseph McCarthy
What: the practice of making accusations of disloyalty, subversion, or treason w/o evidence
When: Second Red Scare ‘50-‘56
Where: USA
Why: Paranoia over Communism and Soviet spies
How: Thousands of Americans accused of Communism (Hollywood)
Tito-Stalin Split
What: Stalin caves and expels Yugoslavia from the Soviet Union
When: June 1948
Where: Yugoslavia
Why: Tito’s desire for regional independence conflicted with Stalin’s view of the region.
How: Stalin did not have the resources available to force control of Yugoslavia.
Nikita Krushcev
Who: First secretary of the Communist party of the Soviet Union
What: Backs early soviet space program, de-stalinization
When: served from ‘53-‘64
Where: Russia
Why: Change the Global Image of Russia
How: Changing or Removing key Stalinistic institutions
-Cult of Personality
-Gulags
-etc
Berlin Wall
What: the Anti-Fascist Protection Rampart
When: construction started on 13 August, 1961
Where: Germany
Why: Separate East and West Germany
How: Divides Berlin down the middle with a wall to keep people from fleeing the east end
Marshall Plan
Who: Led by George Kennan
What: $13 Billion in economic aid
When: 4 years starting from April ‘48
Where:
Why: Rebuild European Economies after the close of WWII to prevent Communism spreading.
How: Rebuild war-devastated regions, remove trade barriers, modernize industry
Cultural Revolution
Students kicked out of school to start revolution.
They attack four holds of Customs, Culture, Habits, and Thinking
Revolution Kills many, and many more die when Mao sends in Army to stop his Cultural Revolution
Hungary in 1956
Hungarian revolution, people disenfranchised by Soviet Union
October Revolution
Gomulka becomes first party secretary in Hungary with people’s support
Containment
- US policy intended to halt spread of Communism
- Based on Kennan’s Long Telegram
- Includes policies such as NATO
The Franck Report
Flying has brought far more misery than enjoyment and profit.
Document advises against use of nuclear armaments
The Decision to use the Bomb
Discussion on the use of atomic weaponry as written by the Scientific Panel of the Interim Committee
Recollections of Iwao Nakamura
Seeing the bluish white ray of light and being trapped under the collapsed wall
Recollections of Atsuko Tsujioka
They didn’t look like people
The Long Telegram
Details George Kennan’s ideas on the best approach to Russian Foreign policy. Basis for Containment
