Mid-Term Monuments

Question 1

Answer 1

The Tomb-Khanqah of Sultan Barquq

Cairo, Egypt

1400-11

Built by Faraj ibn Barquq

Mamluk

Question 2

Answer 2

Al-Aqmar “the moonlight” mosque

Cairo, Egypt

1125

Fatimid

Question 3

Answer 3

The Samanid Mausoleum (Tomb of Ismail)

Bukhara, Uzbekistan

c. 914

Built by Nasir b. Isma’il, the leader of a local dynasty

Samanid

Question 4

Answer 4

Ulu Jami and Sifahathane (Great Mosque and Hospital)

Divrigi, Turkey

1228-9

Seljuk

Question 5

Answer 5

The Dome of the Rock

Jerusalem

ca. 961

Built by Ummayad caliph Abd al-Malik (r.685-705)

Built on Temple mount, where Roman Temple of Jupiter previously was

Octagonal shape inspired by Christian martryria

Qu’ranic verses used as art to ornate shrine in competition with Christian churches

External opulent and rich mosaic is a sign of power and empire

Reappropriated columns from Roman temples

Later believed to be site of prophet’s ascension

Mosaics rebuilt by Sultan Suleyman after burnt down in 16th century

Muslims accepted the tri-significance of Jerusalem for the three religions. “There is no compulsion in religion” written to emphasise tolerance of Christianity and Judaism

Caligraphic verses on the external wall reference Mary and Jesus

Question 6

Answer 6

Great Mosque of Cordoba

Cordoba, Spain

Abd al-Rahman I (with additions under subsequent rulers)

785-7

Spanish Ummayad

Question 7

Answer 7

Qazizadeh Rumi Tomb

Shah-i Zinda Cemetery, Samarqand

Timurid

Question 8

Answer 8

The Mosque of ‘Ali Shah

Tabriz

1315

Ilkhanid

Question 9

Answer 9

The Mosque of Sultan Hasan

Cairo, Egypt

1356-61

Mamluk

Question 10

Answer 10

Quwwat al-Islam

Delhi

1193-1311

Sultanate

Mosque and Complex

Qutb Minaret

Question 11

Answer 11

S. Apollinare Nuovo

Ravenna

c. 534-554

Question 12

Answer 12

Ka’ba

Mecca

Reputed to have been built by the prophet Abraham and Isma’il

Site of the annual Hajj pilgrimage

Qibla, successor of Jerusalem

Robed by caliphate each year (currently Saudi governemnt)

Question 13

Answer 13

The Mosque of Al-Nasir Muhammad

Cairo, Egypt

1318-1334

Mamluk

Question 14

Answer 14

Al-Azhar

The ‘splendid’ mosque

Cairo, Egypt

969

Fatimid

Question 15

Answer 15

Great Mosque of Damascus

Damascus, Syria

706

Built by Caliph al-Walid

Ummayad

Qibla wall consisted of Mihrab of Companions, main mihrab and Bab al-Ziyada

Question 16

Answer 16

Mashhad Sayyida Rukayya

Cairo, Egypt

1133

Fatimid

Question 17

Answer 17

The Mosque of Sultan al-Zahir Baybars

Cairo, Egypt

1267-9

Mamluk

Question 18

Answer 18

Tomb Towers

Kharraqan, Iran

c. 1067, 1086

Seljuk

Question 19

Answer 19

Tomb of Ghiyas al-din Tughlaq

Tughlaqabad

1325

Sultanate

Question 20

Answer 20

Gur-i Amir

Tomb of Timur

Samarqand

1403-15

Timurid

Question 21

Answer 21

Tomb of Uljaytu

Sultaniyya

1307-1313

Ilkhanid

Question 22

Answer 22

The Great Mosque and Palace of Mahdiyya

Tunisia

Founded in 912

Fatimid

Question 23

Answer 23

Masjid-i Jami

Congregational Mosque

Yazd

1325

Ilkhanid

Question 24

Answer 24

The Farthest Mosque (Al-Aqsa)

Jerusalem

ca. 706-16

Built by Caliph Al-Walid

Situated on Temple Mount with the Dome of the Rock

Connected to the palace

Qibla wall consisted of Mihrab of Umar, Main Mihrab and a bridge connecting to the palace

Question 25

Answer 25

**Arhai din ka Jhonpra Mosque** Ajmer 1199 Sultanate

Question 26

Answer 26

**Bhanbore Mosque** Pakistan 727 Pre-Sultanate

Question 27

Answer 27

**Mosque of Prophet Muhammed** Madina, Saudi Arabia Early 7th century Open courtyard with a portacle On the eastern wall were rooms (nine of them by 632) for the Prophet's wives The southern wall had the *qibla* On the southern and northern sides short colonnades of palm trunks supporting palm branches were erected

Question 28

Answer 28

**Tomb of Shaykh Ahmed Yasavi** Turkestan (Kazakhstan) 1394-1397 Timurid

Question 29

Answer 29

**Shrine of Shaykh 'Abd al-Samad** Natanz, Iran 1304-25 Ilkhanid

Question 30

Answer 30

**Ghiyathiyya Madrasa** Khargird (Iran) 1442-5 Last work of the famous architect, Qavam al-din Shirazi Timurid

Question 31

Answer 31

**Gunbad-i Qabus** Gurgan, Iran 1006-7 Built by order of Qabus b. Vashmgir, a local ruler in the Caspian region Samanid Tomb tower

Question 32

Answer 32

**Tomb of Rukn-i Alam** Multan (Pakistan) 1320 or 1340 Sultanate

Question 33

Answer 33

**Friday Mosque** Isfahan, iran 9^th, 11^th, 12^th c

Question 34

Answer 34

**The Complex of Sultan Qala'un** Cairo, Egypt 1283-85 Mamluk

Question 35

Answer 35

**Shah-i Zinda Cemetery** Samarqand (Uzbekistan) Since 11^th c, mostly 1370-1405 Timurid

Question 36

Answer 36

Al-Hakim Mosque Cairo, Egypt 990 and 1013 Fatimid

Question 37

Answer 37

**Tomb of Ibrahim** Bhadresvar 1160 Pre-Sultanate

Question 38

Answer 38

**Qusayr' Amra** Jordan c. 712-15 Ummayad Palace and bath