Mid-term review (not geology)

Question 1

The amount of matter in an object determines its ______________.

Answer 1

mass

Question 2

_______________ is the base unit for mass.

Answer 2

gram

Question 3

To determine a ninja monkeys’ mass, you should use a ________________________________.

Answer 3

triple beam balance

Question 4

Explain the difference between mass and weight.

Answer 4

Mass always stays the same, but weight changes based on gravity

Question 5

Define Length

Answer 5

distance from one point to another

Question 6

Length is usually measured in the base unit of _____________.

Answer 6

meters

Question 7

Volume is the amount of ____________ an object takes up.

Answer 7

space

Question 8

Solid volume is measured using what formula?

Answer 8

v = LxWxH

Question 9

Liquid Volume is measured using ___________________________.

Answer 9

graduated cylinder

Question 10

What are examples of physical properties?

Answer 10

colour, texture, shape, state of matter

Question 11

What percent of the earth’s crust is made of silicon and oxygen?

Answer 11

75%

Question 12

**Study all elements and their symbols on Quizlet***

Answer 12

yes, Ellie. I will go to quizlet after I finish this review and study the elements and their symbols.

Question 13

Approximately how long ago did the Big Bang occur?

Answer 13

13.7 billion years ago

Question 14

What evidence supports/disproves the Big Bang Theory?

Answer 14

Supports: Disproves:
cosmic background radiation, big crunch theory, doppler
red shift/doppler effect, effect, religion, retrograde rotation,
hubble’s law stars older than BBT

Question 15

Our Milky Way is a _______________________ galaxy in shape.

Answer 15

barred spiral

Question 16

All stars begin as a ______________.

Answer 16

nebula

Question 17

Define Nebula.

Answer 17

A collection of gas and dust

Question 18

What are the 5 types of galaxies?

Answer 18

barred spiral, spiral, elliptical, dwarf, irregular

Question 19

How much smaller is a dwarf galaxy than an elliptical galaxy?

Answer 19

3 to 10x times

Question 20

What is a galaxy?

Answer 20

A grouping of stars, planetary objects, gas, and dust all held together by gravity, dark matter, and dark energy

Question 21

Most stars, including our sun, are _____________________ stars.

Answer 21

main sequence

Question 22

The “teenage” phase of a star is called the __________________________ stage.

Answer 22

main sequence

Question 23

The sun burns _____ which is converted to _____.

Answer 23

H, He

Question 24

When will the sun turn into a red giant?

Answer 24

When it burns off all H (70-75%)

Question 25

Our solar system formed about how many years ago?

Answer 25

13.7 billion

Question 26

The moon only reflects _____% of sunlight?

Answer 26

7

Question 27

Why does the moon absorb so much light?

Answer 27

no atmosphere

Question 28

What are the metric prefixes?

Answer 28

``` Kilo- Hecto- Deka- Base Unit (mLg)- Deci- Centi- Milli- ```

Question 29

How did the moon form?

Answer 29

large object hit Earth and broke rock off, became trapped in Earth's gravity, and clumped together to form the moon

Question 30

How many stars are main sequence?

Answer 30

90%

Question 31

Describe Mercury

Answer 31

closest to sun rotates slowly no atmosphere 0 moons

Question 32

Describe Venus

Answer 32

``` "morning star" day longer than year greenhouse effect rains acid retrograde ```

Question 33

Describe Earth

Answer 33

Greenhouse effect atmosphere - N, O, CO2, Ar, water vapor 1 moon

Question 34

Describe Mars

Answer 34

similar day to Earth 2 moons ice caps

Question 35

Describe Jupiter

Answer 35

``` gas giant Great Red Spot rings H/He Moons - Io, Europa, Garymede, Callisto ```

Question 36

Describe Saturn

Answer 36

float on water rings H/He largest moon - titan

Question 37

Describe Uranus

Answer 37

horizontal axis H/He/methane vertical rings retrograde rotation

Question 38

Describe Neptune

Answer 38

Great Dark Spot disappeared 1994 H/He/methane largest moon - Triton