Midterm 1 Flashcards
1
Q
The study of the structure of the bodies of humans and animals
A
Anatomy
2
Q
The study of the functions of the structures of living things.
A
Physiology
3
Q
Frontal
A
Area of forehead
4
Q
Buccal
A
Area of cheek
5
Q
Cervical
A
Area of neck
6
Q
Inguinal
A
Area of groin
7
Q
Pedal
A
Area of foot
8
Q
Hallux
A
Big toe
9
Q
Tarsal
A
Ankle
10
Q
Pollex
A
Thumb
11
Q
Orbital
A
Around the eye
12
Q
Cephalic
A
Head area
13
Q
Axillary
A
Armpit area
14
Q
Mental
A
Chin area
15
Q
Antecubital
A
Front of the elbow
16
Q
Brachial
A
Upper arm
17
Q
Antebrachial
A
Forearm
18
Q
Acromial
A
Shoulder
19
Q
Dorsal
A
Back
20
Q
Olecranal
A
back of elbow
21
Q
Popliteal
A
back of knee
22
Q
Sural
A
Calf
23
Q
Calcaneal
A
heel of foot
24
Q
Plantar
A
Sole of foot
25
Umbilical region
Around the bellybutton
26
Epigastric region
Above the bellybutton
27
Hypogastric (pubic) region
Below the bellybutton
28
Right/Left Hypochondriac regions
Upper diagonal to umbilical region
29
Left/right lumbar region
to either side of belly button
30
To either side of the pubic region
Left/right inguinal regions
31
Body cavity containing the Pleural and Pericardial cavities
Thoracic cavity
32
Cavity containing the heart
Pericardial cavity
33
Cavity containing the lungs
Pleural cavity
34
Cavity containing the peritoneal, abdominal, and pelvic cavities
Abdominopelvic cavity
35
Area between the pleural cavities containing the heart and esophagus
Mediastinum
36
Cavity making up upper part of stomach
Abdominal cavity
37
Cavity making up the bottom of the trunk
pelvic cavity
38
Part of the abdominopelvic cavity on the outside
Peritoneal cavity
39
Visceral
on the inside of a cavity
40
Parietal
on the outside of a cavity
41
Characteristics of true body cavities
Closed
Fluid-filled (serous fluid)
Lined with serous membrane (serosa)
42
Cell-to-cell junction types
Tight junctions
Desmosomes
Gap junctions
43
Junction that forms a leak proof barrier
| has zonula adherens (holds cells together) and zonula occludens (forming tight seal)
Tight junctions
44
Cell junction with sticky glycoproteins
| can also stick to extracellular structures
Desmosomes
45
Cell connection that has protein channels to allow for communication between cells
Gap junctions
46
Hollow ball of cells that is the start of fetus development (gastrulation)
Blastocyte
47
Layers of cells in blastocyte
Ectoderm
Mesoderm
Endoderm
48
4 Types of tissues
Connective
Nerve
Muscle
Epithelial
49
Types of muscle tissue
Skeletal
Smooth
Cardiac
50
Tissue that conducts action potential and is made of neurons and neuroglia (support cells)
Nerve tissue
51
Tissue that provides outer layer for most body spaces
Epithelial tissue
52
Characteristics of epithelium
- Small amount of extracellualr matrix
- covers body surfaces and forms some glands
- can replace itself readily (contains stem cells)
- No blood vessels, gets nutrients from diffusion
- Has basement membrane of connective tissue to connect
53
surface of epithelial tissue that is exposed (may have cillia or microvilli)
Apical surface
54
Surface of epithelial tissue connecting to other epithelial cells
Lateral surface
55
Surface of epithelial tissue attached to basement membrane
Basal surface
56
connects epithlium to other tissues
Basement membrane
57
Functions of epithelial tissue
Absorption
protection
barrier
secretion
58
epithelium shapes
Squamous
Cuboidal
Columnar
59
Function and location of simple squamous
Diffusion, some absorption, secretion
| Blood and lymph vessels, lung alveoli, eardrum, serous membranes
60
simple cuboidal
secretion and absorption
have cilia or microvilli
kidney tubules, glands, termnial bronchioles
61
simple columnar
secretion, absorption, movement of particles
| Stomach, intestine, bronchioles, uterine tubes
62
Stratified squamous
can be keritanized to prevent fluid loss, or not
| protection from abrasion
63
Stratified cuboidal
secretion, absorption, protection
| ducts of sweat glands and salivary glands
64
stratified columnar
Protection, secretion
| Larynx, mammary gland ducts, male urethra
65
Transitional epithelium
Found in bladder, can be flat like squamous or expand to look more columnar
66
Pseudostratifed columnar epithelium
Always ciliated, had goblet cells to make and secrete mucous
| Nasal cavity, sinuses, bronchi of lungs, trachea
67
Secretes onto body surface or into cavity, has ducts
Exocrine glandular epithelium
68
Ductless, hormone-producing, secrete to extracellular space and flow into the blood
Endocrine glandular epithelium
69
Goblet cells, e.g.
Unicellular exocrine gland
70
Made of a duct and secretory portion
Multicellular exocrine gland
71
Simple/compound multicellular exocrine gland
duct has/doesnt have branches
72
Secretes product by exocytosis (cell is not altered)
| Found in the pancreas
Merocrine multicellular gland
73
Accumulates product, then ruptures to release
| Sebaceous (oil) glands of skin
Holocrine Multicellular glands
