midterm 1

Question 1

Computer Program

Answer 1

A sequence of instructions and decisions that tells a computer, in minute detail, how to fulfill a task.

Question 2

Hardware

Answer 2

The collective physical computer and peripheral devices

Question 3

Software

Answer 3

The programs the computer executes

Question 4

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

Answer 4

Located at the heart of the computer, it performs program control and data processing.

Question 5

Primary Storage

Answer 5

Storage made from memory chips—electronic circuits that can store data,
provided they are supplied with electric power.

Question 6

Secondary Storage

Answer 6

usually a hard disk, it provides slower and less expensive storage that persists without electricity.

Question 7

Networks

Answer 7

An entity of interconnected computers that allow a computer to read data and
programs from central storage locations or send data to other computers.

Question 8

High-Level Programming Languages

Answer 8

Languages that specify the actions that a program should carry out.

Question 9

Compiler

Answer 9

Translates the high-level instructions into more detailed instructions required by the
CPU.

Question 10

Applets

Answer 10

Java code that can be located anywhere in the Internet.

Question 11

Library

Answer 11

A collection of information that makes it possible to write portable programs that can
bypass proprietary operating systems. Java has a very large library

Question 12

Java Virtual Machine (JVM)

Answer 12

A program that simulates a real CPU. Java programs are distributed as instructions for a virtual machine, making them platform-independent.

Question 13

Integrated Development Environment (IDE):

Answer 13

A place where one can write and test programs.Integrated Development Environment (IDE): A place where one can write and test programs.

Question 14

editor

Answer 14

A program that functions like a word processor made for entering and modifying text, such as a Java program

Question 15

Class

Answer 15

The fundamental building blocks of Java programs; the class name must be the same as the file name and vice versa.

Question 16

Method

Answer 16

Contains a collection of programming instructions that describe how to carry out a
particular task. Every Java application must have a main method.

Question 17

argument

Answer 17

Any values the method needs to carry out its task.

Question 18

string

Answer 18

A sequence of characters enclosed in quotation marks
- java Strings are immutable or constant. Once it is created, it can never be changed. o - Strings are NOT primitive types. String variables hold references to Strings, not the
actual character values. That means that two String variables can refer to the same, actual String object.

Question 19

Compile-Time Error

Answer 19

Also known as a syntax error, it is a violation of the programming rules that is detected by the compiler

Question 20

Run-Time Error

Answer 20

An error that causes a program to take an action that the programmer did not
intend. Sometimes called logic errors.

Question 21

Exception

Answer 21

A run-time error so severe that the JVM sends an error message.
Ex.System.out.println(1 / 0);ERROR: “Division by Zero”

Question 22

Pseudocode

Answer 22

An informal description of a sequence of steps for solving a problem.

Question 23

Algorithm

Answer 23

A sequence of steps that is ambiguous, executable, and terminating.

Question 24

variable

Answer 24

A storage location in a computer program with a name.

Question 25

floating point numbers

Answer 25

A number type in Java that allows for fractional parts (such as in the number 0.335). The most commonly used type for floating-point numbers in Java is called double.

Question 26

assignment statement

Answer 26

Stores a new value in a variable, replacing a previously stored value. o However, the reserved word “final” indicates that the value cannot be modified.

Question 27

magic number

Answer 27

A numeric constant that appears in your code without explanation.

Question 28

expression

Answer 28

The combination of variables, literals, operators, and/or method calls

Question 29

modulus (mod)

Answer 29

The “%” operator, also known as the “remainder operator”. It executes the division operator but stores the remainder value.

Question 30

cast

Answer 30

an operator that converts number types to another number type.

Question 31

prompt

Answer 31

A message that tells the user which input is expected.

Question 32

PACKAGE

Answer 32

A collection of classes with a related purpose. All classes in the Java library are contained in packages.

Question 33

Application Programming Interface (API)

Answer 33

Documentation that lists the classes and methods of the Java library.

Question 34

string literals

Answer 34

Character sequences enclosed in double quotes, such as “Harry”.

Question 35

concatenation

Answer 35

The + operator used to concatenate strings, that is, to put them together to yield a longer string.

Question 36

escape sequence

Answer 36

Sequences that utilize the “backslash” or \

Question 37

characters

Answer 37

'h' A value of the type char. Characters have numeric values.

Question 38

character literals

Answer 38

Character sequences enclosed in single quotes, such as ‘Harry’.

Question 39

relational operators

Answer 39

Operators that compare two values. (i.e. <, >, ==, >=, !=)

Question 40

nested statement

Answer 40

When a statement is inside of another statement (e.g. an if statement within an if statement, a loop within a loop, or an if statement within a loop, etc.), it’s described as nested.

Question 41

boolean operator

Answer 41

An operator that combines Boolean conditions. o The Boolean type “boolean” has two values, false and true. o Java has some Boolean operators that combine conditions like && (and) and || (or).