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1
Q

18th C society looked back to Antiquity (the Classical age)
2) deliberate attempt to replace Rococo art & Louis XV’s regime
The Neoclassical style arose from such first-hand observation and reproduction of antique works and came to dominate European architecture, painting, sculpture, and decorative arts.

A

neo-classicism

2
Q

n the 16th & 17th centuries, a scientific revolution was underway: new ideas began to emerge in science (physics, astronomy, biology, medicine, chemistry, etc.)

  • scientific revolution was based on empirical observation and NOT religion, spirituality, metaphysics, or superstition
  • this revolution started in the Renaissance -it continued into the 18th in the 18th C, it is called the
A

iThe Enlightenment

3
Q

(objective representation– though idealized)

A

naturalism,

4
Q

male (Greek statues): perfection, heroic, in their prime

-balance, symmetry

A

idealized,

5
Q

the appropriate rendering of a character, action, speech, or scene.

A

decorum,

6
Q

History painting, often used interchangeably with historical painting,[1] is a genre in painting defined by its subject matter rather than artistic style. History paintings usually depict a moment in a narrative story, rather than a specific and static subject, such as a portrait.

A

history paintings,

7
Q

controlling power over art and controlled by the government

A

Art Academies

8
Q

Alternately, the Salon (always with a capital “S”) was the official art exhibition sponsored by the art academy

A

Salons

9
Q

3 brothers getting swords from there father

A

Jacques-Louis David, The Oath of the Horatii, 1784

10
Q

guy about to drink poison and people looking upset

A

Jacques-Louis David, Death of Socrates, 1787

11
Q

importance of the individual, the personal, the subjective

2) emphasis on emotion, intuition, and imagination over reason

A

Romanticism

12
Q

(subject matter mostly accurate but techniques are used to evoke an emotional response)

A

, realism

13
Q

dude on bed with everyone around freaking out and a horse freaking out

A

romanticism

Eugéne Delacroix, The Death of Sardanapalus

14
Q

everyone is freaking out and dieting on a raft in a storm on the sea

A

romanticism

• Theodore Géricault, Raft of the ‘Méduse’

15
Q

napoleon looking like jesus and not caring that people are sick

A

romanticism

• Antoine-Jean Gros, Napoleon in the Plague House at Jaffa

16
Q

only authentic knowledge comes from what can be perceived with your senses and objectively studied
The impact on the arts: artists directly observing the ordinary, external world & representing it in this way

A

Positivism,

17
Q

Realism in the arts may be generally defined as the attempt to represent subject matter truthfully, without artificiality and avoiding artistic conventions, implausible, exotic and supernatural elements.

A

Realism,

18
Q
  • images of everyday life: domestic scenes, merrymaking, landscapes -ordinary people and activities are depicted
  • subject matter represented in a mostly realistic way
A

Genre paintings:

19
Q

the visual images and symbols used in a work of art or the study or interpretation of these

A

iconography,

20
Q

founded in 1848 by William Holman Hunt - 2 other members (of the 7)
-John Everett Millais -Dante Gabriel Rossetti
The group’s intention was to reform art by rejecting what it considered the mechanistic approach first adopted by Mannerist artists who succeeded Raphael and Michelangelo. Its members believed the Classical poses and elegant compositions of Raphael in particular had been a corrupting influence on the academic teaching of art, hence the name “Pre-Raphaelite”

A

Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood

21
Q

ladies picking in farm field

A

realism,Jean-Francois Millet, The Gleaners, 1857

22
Q

everyone standing around grave at funeral with priests

A

Realism• Gustave Courbet, Burial at Ornans, 1849-50

23
Q

old ladies one with a baby riding facing back in a carriage

A

realism • Honoré Daumier, The Third-Class Carriage, 1862

24
Q

hand sketch of painter vs roman. realism vz neo-classicism

A

realism • Daumier, Battle of the Schools; Classic Idealism vs. Realism, 1855

25
Q

guy and girl with sheep he is making moves on her

A

Realism

• William Holman Hunt, The Hireling Shepherd, 1851

26
Q

It is a dressed scene involving one or more people that attempts to tell a story in a single image

A

tableau (pl. tableaux),

27
Q

a type of combination printing

cutting & pasting photos together

A

collaging,

28
Q

many separate exposures on one piece of photographic paper

A

multiple exposures

29
Q

two little girls and a guy playing the violin

A

• Julia Margaret Cameron, Whisper of the Muse, 1864-5

30
Q

ladies carrying bushels of something “picture”

A

collaging • Henry Peach Robinson, Bringing Home the May, 1862

31
Q

naked women everywhere looks like an orgy

A

n example of multiple exposures)

Oscar Rejlander, The Two Ways of Life, 1857

32
Q

dude in boat with bundles of hay or straw

A

naturalism • P. H. Emerson, Ricking the Reed, c.1885

33
Q

two early art photo movements

A

Pictorialism (Henry Peach Robinson) b. Naturalism (Peter Henry Emerson)
art no longer shackled to being an exact copy of the world

34
Q

recreating a 3 dimensional world on a 2 dimensional space

A

one-point linear perspective,

35
Q

thick application of paint that makes no attempt to be smooth

A

impasto,

36
Q

en plein air,

A

painting outdoors

37
Q

art medium in the form of a stick. powdered pigment and a binder

A

chalk) pastels,

38
Q

salon of rejected works rejected by the academy

A

Salon de Refusés,

39
Q

Japonism (from the French Japonisme, first used in 1872[1]) is the influence of the Japanese art, culture, and aesthetics.[2][3] The term is used particularly to refer to Japanese influence on European art, especially in impressionism.[4] In France the term Japonisme refers to a specific French style which mainly found expression in fine arts from 1864

A

Japonisme,

40
Q
  1. Intimate scenes of daily life
  2. Flat areas of brilliant solid colours; no shadows
  3. Solid colours offset by contour lines/drawing
  4. Unusual spatial organization; composition is usually off-centre; space is compressed
  5. No concern with perspective (steep & sharply angled views)
A

Characteristics of Japanese woodblock prints

41
Q

sun rising over harber with a little boat

A

• Claude Monet, Impression: Sunrise, 1873

42
Q

chubby naked girl with two bearded men

A

• Édouard Manet, Le Déjeuner sur l’Herbe, 1863

43
Q

japanese mother bathing a child

A

• Kitagawa Utamaro, A Mother Bathing her Son, c. 1804

44
Q

lady in blue dress licking an envelope

A

• Mary Cassatt, The Letter, 1891

45
Q

s about
“truth to the artist’s visual experience” and NOT visual accuracy of Impressionism
-capturing movement
-subjects turned into patches of colour & light -specific techniques
-choice of subject matter
Capturing movement
2. Use of colour & light
3. Specific techniques
a) Working quickly; impasto
b) Unmixed colour
c) Wet paint applied to wet paint d) Working en plain air

A

Impressionism i