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Inter-He 201 > Midterm 1 > Flashcards

Midterm 1 Flashcards

(103 cards)

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1
Q

Human ecology

A

the area of study concerned with the interrelationships between people and their environment, and how people interact with their environment

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2
Q

system

A

a set of interconnected parts that form a whole

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3
Q

ecosystem

A

a system formed by the interaction of a community of organisms with their physical environment

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4
Q

fixed mindset

A

intelligence is biologically set and unchanging

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5
Q

growth mindset

A

intelligence is changeable if you learn more

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6
Q

which mindset accomplishes more in careers?

A

growth mindset

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7
Q

human ecological model

A

focuses on the system of people within their environments, and the relationship or mutual interactions that occur between them

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8
Q

Bronfenbrenner’s Bioecological Model of Nested Systems

A

microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, macrosystem, chronosystem

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9
Q

microsystem

A

immediate family and friends

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10
Q

mesosystem

A

an interaction of microsystems

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11
Q

exosystem

A

government regulations, school policies, etc.

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12
Q

macrosystem

A

overarching beliefs and values

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13
Q

Idiographic (specific)

A

attempts to explain behavior on a case by case basis

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14
Q

nomothetic (general)

A

attempts to find out and draw generals laws of behavior (lab experiments)

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15
Q

reciprocal/bidirectional interdependence

A

an exchange in which individuals or objects exhibit similar behavior, either at the same time or in a back-and-forth manner. Objects influence and depend on each other simultaneously

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16
Q

microbiome

A

collection of all the microorganisms that live in a particular environment, such as a human body

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17
Q

3 main components of identity

A

Social actor, Motivated Agent, Autobiographical author

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18
Q

Social actor

A

emerges from evolutionary need to be socially accepted, strive to “get ahead” and “get along.”

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19
Q

Motivated Agent

A

motivation determines behavior. we strive towards purposes in life, goal-oriented

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20
Q

autobiographical AUTHOR

A

“How did I become the person that I am today, and what will I become in the future?”

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21
Q

Autobiographical REASONING

A

ability to come to conclutions about the self by analyzing personal events

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22
Q

narrative identity

A

an internalized and evolving story of the self, designed to provide life with some measure of temporal unity and purpose.

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23
Q

emerging adulthood

A

a period from age 18-mid 20s when many in western cultures are no longer adolescents but have not yet achieved full independence as adults

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24
Q

snoopology

A

the idea that the way we arrange our stuff can describe our personality

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25
Identity claims
Snoopology: stuff that makes deliberate symbolic statements
26
feeling regulators
snoopology: stuff that controls our emotions)
27
behavioral residue
snoopology: physical traces left behind our everyday actions
28
social identity
the part of the self-concept including one's view of self as a member of a particular social category
29
heuristics
mental shortcuts or "rules of thumb" that often lead to a solution
30
looking-glass self
an image of yourself based on what you believe others think of you 1. how do I appear to others? 2. what do they think of me? 3. how does that affect what I think of myself?
31
impression management
the altering of the presentation of the self in order to create distinctive appearances and satisfy particular audiences
32
front stage persona
the "performances" that people put on, formed by social norms. Internalized norms and expectations for behavior shaped partly by the setting, role one plays in it, and by one's physical appearance
33
S-ART
Self-Awareness Self-Regulation Self-Transcendence
34
Self-Awareness
makes awareness of self (we are no longer floating through life, more mindful. also better cognitive skills)
35
self-regulation
ability to effictively modulate one's behavior
36
self-transcendence
the relationship between self and other, transcends self-focused needs and increase prosocial characteristics
37
backstage persona
what we do when nobody's looking
38
race
race: refers to groups where power structure has been established, associating with racial groups means race affects how others treat them
39
ethnicity
focuses on differences between groups, need not establish status ranking
40
sex
the biological differences that distinguish males from female
41
gender
cultural and socially supported differences between men and women (masculine and feminine traits)
42
sexual orientation
a person's sexual identity in relation to the gender to which they are attracted; the fact of being heterosexual, homosexual, or bisexual
43
gender identity
sense of self-identification as male or female or between
44
self-enhancing values
focus on bettering yourself personally: power, status, wealth, possessions, physical attractiveness and popularity
45
transgender
having gender identity that does not match one's biological sex
46
cisgender
having gender identity that matches one's biological sex
47
social justice
justice in terms of the distribution of wealth, opportunities, and privileges within a society
48
the mythical norm
ideal stereotype that is perpetuated by society, against which everyone else is measured (white, middle class, straight)
49
search for meaning
the personal and universal search for answers to common existential questions
50
legacy
something transmitted by or received from an ancestor or predecessor or from the past
51
type of legacies: personal
impact on people in personal life, I.e. friend
52
types of legacies: family
impact on family members
53
type of legacy: community
people who will remember your name
54
type of legacy: complete strangers
where we don't know who we're helping, i.e. volunteering
55
post-traumatic growth
positive psychological changes as a result of struggling with extrememly challenging circumstances and life crises
56
ego-system
self image goals
57
eco-system
compassionate goals
58
S.P.A.C.E.
Sleep, Presence, Activity, Creativity, and Eating well
59
vitality
quality or state of being full of life' state of being full of energy
60
primary stress appraisals
decide whether stimuli are stressful, benign or irrelevant
61
secondary stress appraisals
consider how to cope with stressor
62
Type A behavior
personalities that are more competitive, highly organized, ambitioous, impatient, highly aware of time management and/or aggressive
63
type B behavior
more relaxed, less 'neurotic', frantic, explainable personalities
64
resilience
the personal strength that helps most people cope with stress and recover from adversity and even trauma
65
emotion focused coping
change one's emotional response to situations
66
problem focused coping
focus on solving the problem
67
Stress response: General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS)
Phase 1 - alarm response (sympathetic arousal) Phase 2 - resistance (mobilized coping and action) Phase 3 - Exhaustion (chronic stress, permanent damage)
68
stressor
an event or situation that causes stress
69
stress
the process by which we perceive and respond to certain events, called stressors, that we appraise as threatening or challenging
70
parasympathetic nervous system
rest and digest system, slow down hearbeat, construct pupils, etc.
71
sympathetic nervous system
fight, flight, freeze
72
prejudice
an unjustifiable ( and usually negative) attitude toward a group and its members, usually formed without basis/reason
73
power and privilege
privilege is a right or exemption from liability or duty granted as a special benefit or advantage
74
implicit bias
attitudes or stereotypes that affect our understanding, actions, and decisions in an unconscious manner
75
discrimination
behavior that advantages/disadvantages people based on group membership
76
stereotype
a generalized and widely-held (sometimes accurate but often overgeneralized) belief about a group of people that is believed to be true
77
self-transcending values
focus outside of yourself: empathy, compassion, being supportive of the needs of others and creating/contributing to something larger than yourself
78
purpose
reason behind goals. directly influenced by the values and beliefs one holds. about direction, something that influences goals
79
goal
the point one wishes to achieve: short or long
80
ego (defensiveness)
holding attitudes that protect our self-esteem or that justify actions that make us feel guilty
81
gender roles
a set of behavioral norms assumed to accompany one's status as male or female (when overly generalized, can become gender-role stereotypes)
82
eudiamonic happiness
meaningful fourishing that comes from satisfying, other centered work and viture based action volunteering, checking on a friend
83
left frontal lobe
positive emotions
84
right frontal lobe
negative emotions
85
maslow's hierarchy of needs
1. physiological needs 2. safety and security 3. relationships, love and affection 4. self esteem 5. self actualization
86
Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR)
program that incorporates mindfulness to reduce negative emotional states
87
flow
mental states where we're fully immersed in an activity, achieve feelings of focus, involvement and enjoyment
88
contemplative practices
ways to reduce stress and provide access to more self-awareness and expressive well being (yoga, meditation)
89
mindfulness
a state of open, nonjudgmental awareness of current experience
90
meditation
a practice where an individual uses a technique such as mindfulness, or focusing the mind on a particular object, thought, or activity, to train attention and awareness, and achieve a mentally clear and emotionally calm and stable state.
91
hedonic happiness
making yourself feel good by maximizing pleasure and minimizing pain
92
danger of a 'single story'
reducing people to a single narrative that can create stereotypes and biases
93
positive stressor
eustress: stressors that challenge us in a positive way, like studying for an exam or starting a new job
94
negative stressor
distress: stressor that feels overwhelming and harmful, leading to anxiety and exhaustion
95
ecological perspective
The ecological perspective views individuals as interconnected with their environments, including social, cultural, and natural systems.
96
positive psychology
science of positive emotions and relationships
97
goal of positive psychology
move from "preoccupation with repairing the worst things in life to also building the best qualities of life"
98
interdisciplinary
psychology, neuroscience, neuropsychology, economics, philosophy
99
does the brain have a positivity or negativity bias
negativity
100
negative events have more impact than positive
true
101
dopamine increases when doing activities that bring pleasure
true
102
Karoshi
early death by work
103
why is Bhutan happier?
they measure success in gross national happiness. their government is focused on protecting parks, not focused on working

Inter-He 201 (2 decks)

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