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Midterm 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the functional divisions of the Nervous System?

A

Autonomic (visceral) NS

Somatic NS

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2
Q

Name the 2 parts of the forebrain

A

Telencephalon

Diencephalon

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3
Q

The hindbrain is made up of what structures?

A

Pons
Cerebellum
Medulla

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4
Q

T or F

Gray matter is composed of myelinated fibres usually dendrites

A

False

Gray matter is unmyelinated fibres

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5
Q

T or F
Sympathetic = Craniosacral
Parasympathetic = Thoracolumbar

A

False

Opposite is true

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6
Q

How many pairs of spinal nerves do we have?

A

31

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7
Q

What are some different types of bipolar neurons?

A

Retinal
Cochlear
Vestibular
**usually sensory & interneurons

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8
Q

T or F

Unipolar neurons are the most common type of neurons according to the Neuron Doctrine

A

False

Multicelluar

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9
Q

What is another name for the RER?

A

Nissle Bodies

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10
Q

What are the general characteristics of a neuron?

A

Cell body - fluid mosaic model
Dendrites
Axon
Synapses & boutons

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11
Q

Describe the pathway for anterograde intracellular transportation

A

Soma -> axon -> terminal

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12
Q

Name the types of synapses

A 
Axodendritic 
Axosomatic
Dendrodendritic 
Axoaxonic 
Somosomatic
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13
Q

What type of synapse is common with interneurons?

A

Axoaxonic

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14
Q

T or F

Axosomatic is the most common type of synapse?

A

False

Axodendritic

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15
Q

T or F

Oligodendrocytes are unmyelinated

A

False

Myelinated

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16
Q

What are the names of the gaps between Schwann cells as well as Oliogodendrocytes?

A

Node of Ranvier

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17
Q

What determines the rate of a neural transmission down an axon?

A

Length of the Node of Ranvier

Shorter length = faster transmission

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18
Q

How do Schwann cells myelinate a fibre?

A

By wrapping around and around the fibre covering it with myelination

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19
Q

The most numerous Neuroglia are?

A

Astrocytes

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20
Q

Which one is matched incorrectly:

Schwann Cells = Peripheral 
Astrocytes = myelin 
Microglia = phagocytes 
Oligodendrocytes =myelin 
Ependymal = line ventricles
A

Astrocytes are not myelin they are endothelia

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21
Q

What does glial mean?

A

Glue

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22
Q

T or F

Ependymal cells are stratified ciliated epithelial cells

A

False

PSEUDOstratified

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23
Q

What structure in one of the Neuroglia cells creates flow to move CSF?

A

The cilia on the Ependymal cells

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24
Q

Ependymal cells with _________ creates CSF

A

Capillaries

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25
T or F Microglia are nomadic
True
26
What Neuroglia are considered the immune system for the nervous system?
Microglia
27
T or F | 1 oligodendrocyte will myelinate 1 neural fibre
False They send out processes that wrap around multiple fibres
28
What Neuroglia provide metabolic and structural support for the NS?
Astrocytes
29
T or F The ependymal cells help support the blood brain barrier
False Astrocytes
30
What is Neurulation?
It is when the notochord induces the overlying ectoderm to migrate towards the centre and form the NS
31
When does the NS develop in the embryo?
between the 3rd and 4th week for amy....the 12th week!!! MOTHER FUCKAAAAA
32
T or F The NS develops from the Ectoderm germ layer
True
33
The peripheral nervous system develops from what embryonic structure?
Neural Crest
34
Name the more common terms for: Prosencephalon = ? Mesencephalon = ? Rhombencephalon = ?
Forebrain Midbrain Hindbrain
35
What brain vesicle grows fast and laterally to form the Cerebrum?
Forebrain
36
T or F | The corpus striatum is part of the Diencephalon
False Telencephalon ** if you see Thalamus in the name put it in the diencephalon
37
In regards to the Mesencephalon name the structures from dorsal to ventral
Tectum -> Cerebral Aqueduct -> Tegmentum -> Cerebral peduncles
38
T or F There is more organization than growth in the midbrain during embryonic development
True
39
T or F | In the hindbrain during development the anterior growth becomes the cerebrum and the posterior growth becomes the pons.
False Anterior growth = pons Posterior growth = Cerebrum
40
Silver staining technique is also called?
Golgi staining
41
Are somatosomatic transmissions electrical or chemical?
Electrical | - there is an ionic difference between two cells and the electrical difference jumps from one to another.
42
The 2nd expansion of the neural tube forms: a. prosencephalon b. telencephalon c. mesencephalon d. none of the above
d. none of the above ** the 2nd expansion of the neural tub forms the Rhombencephalon
43
During what week of development does the Prosencephalon expand laterally quickly? a. 3 b. 4 c. 5 d. 6
5th week
44
What is the name of the primitive cerebral hemispheres that develop during the 5th week?
Telencephalon
45
Does the cerebral peduncle have descending sensory or motor fibres?
Motor
46
What are the 4 little bumps on the tectum called?
Colliculi
47
Which of the following is NOT a primary vesicle: a. Prosencephalon b. Diencephalon c. Mesencephalon d. Rhombencephalon
Diencephalon is a secondary vesicle
48
Which of the following is classified as both primary and secondary vesicle: a. Telencephalon b. Myelencephalon c. Mesencephalon d. Metenchephalon
Mesencephalon
49
bends in the brain = ?
Flexures
50
When do the cervical and cephalic flexures develop?
Early 4th week
51
Are these matched correctly? Cervical flexure = between medulla and spinal cord Cephalic flexure - between prosencephalon & midbrain
Yes
52
T or F Both the Cervical and Cephalic Flexures are located on the posterior (dorsal) side
False Anterior (ventral)
53
Name the flexure that develops later in the 4th week, beginning of 5th week and is located on the dorsal side.
Pontine Flexure
54
What is an aka for the Pontine Flexure
Rhomboid flexure
55
What makes up the walls of the lateral ventricles?
Telencephalon
56
Which of the following make up the walls of the 3rd ventricle: a. Diencephalon b. Telencephalon c. Mesencephalon d. none of the above
a. Diencephalon
57
What is the name of the two holes that connect the 3rd ventricle to the lateral?
Intraventricular foramen
58
What structure makes up the walls of the 4th ventricle?
Metencephalon
59
Are these matched correctly in regards to the neural tube? Motor structures = alar plate Sensory structures = basal plate
No Opposite is true
60
T or F The motor structures of the neural tube are located on the ventral side
True Sensory structures are therefore located on the dorsal side.
61
What is the name of the neural tube structure that separates the motor structures from the sensory?
Sulcus Limitans
62
In regards to the midbrain are the motor structures located medial or lateral?
Medial
63
Cell development in the spinal cord divides the neural tube into 3 zones. Please name them
1. Ventricular Zone - innermost 2. Intermediate Zone 3. Marginal Zone - outer
64
The innermost ventricular zone of the spinal cord contains...
Immature cells, germ cells, and stem cells
65
The cells in the intermediate zone of the neural tube specify into 2 main types of cells...
Neuroblast -> nerve cell | Glioblast -> oligodendrocyte, astrocyte, ependymal cell
66
What layer of the meninges is tightly attached to the brain and spinal cord?
Pia Mater
67
T or F The brainstem but not the spinal cord has all three layers of the meninges
False Brain stem and spinal cord have all 3 there is just a difference in how they are arranged.
68
The Dura is innervated by?
Trigeminal Nerve and C1-C3 (sensory) dorsal roots
69
What meningeal fold is between the 2 hemispheres of the cerebrum
Falx Cerebri
70
This meningeal fold is between the cerebellum & cerebrum
Tentorium Cerebelli
71
T or F The Falx Cerebelli is between the hemispheres of the Cerebellum
True
72
Where does the Spinal Dura Mater end?
S2
73
What structure anchors the dural sac?
Coccygeal Ligament
74
T or F The Coccygeal Ligament is actually dura and arachnoid mater
False Dura and pia!
75
Name the structure that suspends the spinal cord in the CSF
Trabecular of the Arachnoid mater
76
How many pairs of dentate ligaments do we have?
21 pairs
77
T or F The dural sinuses drain into the external jugular vein
False Internal
78
CSF is formed by?
Choroid Plexus
79
At any given moment how much CSF fluid do you have
150 ml
80
How much CSF is produced per hour? per day?
14-35 ml per hour | 800 ml per day

CNS (1 decks)

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