Midterm 1 (Genetic Terms)

Question 1

Null allele

Answer 1

Allele that encodes for no product or a non-functional gene product

Question 2

Gain of function allele

Answer 2

Allele leads to the production of an altered form of a gene product and has a new function

Question 3

Silent allele

Answer 3

Allele with a mutation that does not affect gene function

Question 4

What allele is phenotypically identical to a wild-type allele?

Answer 4

Silent allele

Question 5

What allele is caused by being expressed at the wrong time/place?

Answer 5

Gain of function allele

Question 6

Haplosufficient genes

Answer 6

When the amount of gene product is half of wild type or more, it will produce a wild type phenotype

Question 7

Haploinsufficient genes

Answer 7

When the amount of gene product is half or wild type or less, it will not produce a wild type phenotype

Question 8

When is the null allele considered recessive?

Answer 8

When it is present in haplosufficient genes

Question 9

When is the null allele considered dominant?

Answer 9

When it is present in haploinsufficient genes

Question 10

Loss of function/Null mutation

Answer 10

Mutation that encodes for no product or no functional gene product

Question 11

Leaky mutation

Answer 11

Mutation that results in a partially functional gene product

Question 12

Silent mutation

Answer 12

Mutation that does not affect gene function and is identical to wildtype

Question 13

Reciprocal crosses

Answer 13

Crosses in which the female and male genotypes are swapped with each other