Midterm 1 (Trivial Terms) Flashcards
What person coined the term “Genetics” and when?
William Bateson in 1905
Who brought the idea that genes are placed on chromosomes and when?
Walter Stutton in 1903
Who first demonstrated that genes were placed on chromosomes and when?
Thomas Morgan in 1910-1920
What is the term related to children that resemble their parents?
Observation
Define blending theory
Mixing fluids from both parents results in a phenotype in the progeny
What displaced the blending theory?
Mendelian genetics
What did Mendel’s 1866 publication conclude?
Genes behave like particles and do not blend, and one allele is dominant to the other
Who proposed the one-gene one-polypeptide hypothesis and when?
Edward Tatum and George Beadle in 1941
Who found that multiple Mendelian factors can explain continuous variation for traits and when?
Ronald Fisher in 1916
What field did Ronald Fisher find?
Quantitative genetics
Who discovered that DNA is the genetic material passed down to offspring and when?
Oswald Avery, Colin MacLeod, and Maclyn McCarty in 1944
Who discovered that DNA forms a double-helix and when?
James Watson and Francis Crick
Whose data was utilized by Watson and Crick to determine that DNA forms a double-helix?
Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins
Who introduced the phrase “the central dogma” and when?
Francis Crick in 1958
What is the central dogma suppose to represent?
The flow of genetic information within cells from DNA to RNA to protein
Who proposed that enzyme levels in cells are controlled by feedback mechanisms and when?
Francois Jacob and Jacques Monod in 1961
Who cracked the genetic code and when?
Marshall Nirenberg, Har Gobind Khorana, Sydney Brenner, and Francis Crick between 1961 and 1967
Who invented methods for determining the nucleotide sequences of DNA molecules and when?
Fred Sanger, Walter Gilbert, and Allan Maxam in 1777
When did the first sequence of the human genome become published?
2001
When did genome editing become possible and utilizing what device?
2012,, CRISPR-Cas9
Define Mendel’s First Law of Equation Segregation
Only one of two alleles in an organism will be passed down to the next generation, and either are equally likely to be passed on
