Midterm 1: Homin Origins and Upper paleolithic

Question 1

Hominin

Answer 1

members of human lineage after split with chimpanzee lineage

Question 2

What is a human culturally and physically

Answer 2

complex thought and symbolism

large brains and bipedalism

Question 3

What do the hominin fossils show

Answer 3

larger rounder brain case
shrinking jaw
bipedalism

Question 4

Where was hominin origins

Answer 4

Africa

Question 5

Sahelanthropus tchadensis

Answer 5

7mya Chad
Mix of ape like and human
Long arms and bipedalism

Question 6

Ardipithicus Ramidus

Answer 6

SITE: ARAMIS, ETHIOPIA
4.5 may
Human features: small molars foramen magnum forward

Question 7

Hominin Radiation

Answer 7

4.5mya- 2mya
increase in hominin species
bipedalism, small canines, and large cranium than ape

Question 8

Australopithicus

Answer 8

Lucy: Hadar, ethiopia….60% complete….fully bipedal

Laetoli…..side by side footprints

Question 9

Homo Habilis

Answer 9

more gracile
2.5-1.6mya
East and South Africa
oldest member of genus homo

Question 10

Homo Erectus

Answer 10

(Out of Africa)

1.9 mya - 45,000ya

Question 11

Time period for Lower Paleolithic

Answer 11

2.5mya- 200,000

Question 12

How are tools made?

Answer 12

Flint-Knapping

Question 13

What is flint-knapping?

Answer 13

You got your CORE : which is the material being struck
Then your FLAKE which is the material being struck by the core
The method is called PERCUSSION

Question 14

What is the earliest tool type? And what year?

Answer 14

Oldowan tools 2.5 mya

Question 15

Acheulian Tools

Answer 15

1.7mya -200,000
Bifacial hand axes
Homo erectus

Question 16

Pleistocene

Answer 16

Ice Age

Question 17

Differences of the SKULL from Neanderthals and Homo Sapiens

Answer 17

elongated rather than rounded
occipital bun
sloping forehead
prongnathic nose and brow

Question 18

Differences of BODY from Neanderthals and Homo Sapiens

Answer 18

muscular
shorter
bowed legs
large rib cage

Question 19

What caused the physical trait differences between Neanderthals and homo sapiens

Answer 19

Cold weather adaption

Question 20

Neanderthal language ability

Answer 20

Hyoid bone
Hypoglossal canal & nerve (movement of tongue)
FOXP2: speech articulation gene
KEBARA CAVE, Israel: skeleton with intact hyoid bone

Question 21

Le Cotte de St. Berlade

Answer 21

English channel
organized hunting
mammoths and rhinos
stampede

Question 22

Shanidar Cave, Iraq

Answer 22

Flower pollen, Adult cave burial in pit

Question 23

characteristic of Aurignacian

Answer 23

nomadic
diverse tools
symbolism and art

Question 24

Aurignacian jewelry

Answer 24

Beads

• animal teeth
• ivory
• shell

Question 25

The lion man

Answer 25

Mobilary Art aurignacian period holenstein, Germany

Question 26

Chauvet, Cave

Answer 26

oldest European cave | 38,000-33,000 years ago

Question 27

Characteristic of Gravettian period

Answer 27

``` 26,000-23,000 years ago Homo sapiens only tools= increased hunting Venus figurines formal burials ```

Question 28

Gravettian tools

Answer 28

Atlatl | bow and arrow

Question 29

Kostenski, Russia

Answer 29

SETTLEMENTS mammouth bone/fur storage pit

Question 30

Sungir, Eastern Europe

Answer 30

BURIALS child buried with grave goods show inherited social status

Question 31

Venus Figurines meaning

Answer 31

Erotica self portrait great goddess/fertility cult marriage exchanges/regional group

Question 32

Venus figurines

Answer 32

idealized and not realistic | stone, bone, ivory, clay

Question 33

Characteristic of the Magdalenian

Answer 33

20,000 - 11,000 years ago Last Ice age advance Intensification of previous trends

Question 34

The recently discovered Homo nailed fossils

Answer 34

have not accurately been dated yet | reveal evidence of mosaic species some traits australopithecus and other homo sapien