Midterm 1 Practice Questions & Quizzes

Question 1

Which of the following imaging modalities do/does not use ionizing radiation? (Select all that apply)
A. Computed tomography
B. Magnetic resonance imaging
C. Ultrasound
D. Positron emission tomography
E. Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry
F. X-ray
G. Bone scintigraphy

Answer 1

• Magnetic resonance imaging
• Ultrasound

Question 2

X-ray photons have ____ energy and ____ wavelength than visible light photons:
A. Higher, shorter
B. Higher, longer
C. Lower, shorter
D. Lower, longer

Answer 2

Higher, shorter

Question 3

As the distance from the nucleus increases, the electron binding energy
A. Increases
B. Decreases
C. Remains constant
D. Increases or decreases depending on the element

Answer 3

Decreases

Question 4

Which type of current is necessary for a transformer to function?
A. Alternating current
B. Direct current
C. Either will work

Answer 4

Alternating current

Question 5

Coherent scattered is also known as:
A. Backscatter
B. Compton scatter
C. Thompson scatter
D. Inherent scatter

Answer 5

Thompson scatter

Question 6

All isotopes of an atom will always have the same number of:
A. Protons
B. Neutrons

Answer 6

Protons

Question 7

Select all that apply (1-4 correct answers). Which of the following is/are examples of nuclear medicine imaging studies?
A. MRI
B. Scintigraphy
C. PET
D. DEXA

Answer 7

• scintigraphy
• PET

Question 8

All other things being equal, if you double the distance away from the x-ray source to the image receptor, the intensity of the beam at the receptor will be:
A. 1/4 the original intensity
B. 1/2 the original intensity
C. The same as the original intensity
D. 2x the original intensity

Answer 8

1/4 the original intensity

Question 9

Which of these is a form of electromagnetic radiation?
A. Beta particle
B. Fast neuron
C. X-ray photon
D. Alpha particle

Answer 9

X-ray photon

Question 10

True or false: x-ray photons are capable of being affected by electric or magnetic fields?

Answer 10

False

Question 11

Of the listed options, which is the best evaluation of bone density?
A. MRI
B. Scintigraphy
C. PET
D. DEXA

Answer 11

DEXA

Question 12

The distance from the x-ray source to the image receptor is known as:
A. Object film distance
B. Object image distance
C. Source object distance
D. Focal film distance

Answer 12

Focal film distance (FFD)

Question 13

A conventional radiograph is performed at 40” SID with 8mAs and 50kVp. The radiograph is repeated at 80” SID. If no other changes are made, what is the intensity at 80” SID?

Answer 13

2.0 mAs

(Inverse square law)

Question 14

Electromagnetic signal A has a frequency of 10^20Hz and electromagnetic signal B has a frequency of 10^24Hz. Which of the signals has more energy?
A. Need more information
B. Signal B
C. They have the same energy
D. Signal A

Answer 14

Signal B

Question 15

The process by which AC power is converted to DC power is called:
A. Transformation
B. Induction
C. Rectification
D. Compensation

Answer 15

Rectification

Question 16

In the healthcare setting, what percentage of the electrical energy passed through the x-ray tube produces x-ray photons?
A. 50%
B. 10%
C. >99%
D. <1%

Answer 16

<1%

Question 17

What type of exposure timer is used in the majority of digital x-ray machines?
A. Automatic exposure control
B. Synchronous
C. Electronic

Answer 17

Electronic timer

Question 18

Which of the following is TRUE?
A. An anode with a target angle of 12° can handle more heat than one with a target angle of 20°
B. An anode with a target angle of 12° is capable of producing images with higher resolution than an anode with a target angle of 20°
C. An anode with a target angle of 20° will produce smaller effective focal spot size than one with a target angle of 12°
D. An anode with a target angle of 20° will not be affected by the anode heel effect, while an anode with a target angle of 12° will

Answer 18

An anode with a target angle of 12° is capable of producing images with higher resolution than an anode with a target angle of 20°
(^anode angle = ^heat = ⬇️quality)

Question 19

Which of these will produce the smallest voltage ripple?
A. High frequency with full-wave rectification
B. Single phase with half-wave rectification
C. Single phase with full-wave rectification
D. Three phase with full-wave rectification

Answer 19

High frequency with full-wave rectification

Question 20

Select all that apply (1-4 correct answers). Which of the following would be considered benefits of angling the target portion of the anode?
A. Produce anode heel effect
B. Decrease actual focal spot size
C. Decrease effective focal spot size
D. Increase thermal capacity of the tube

Answer 20

• Decrease actual focal spot size
• Decrease effective focal spot size
• Increase thermal capacity of the tube

Question 21

The mAs setting at the control setting is based on body part:
A. No correct answer listed
B. Type and thickness
C. Type
D. Thickness

Answer 21

Thickness

(kVp based on type)

Question 22

If you set the control console to 50kVp, what is the maximum possible x-ray photon energy?

Answer 22

50keV

Question 23

In which material/tissue is a photoelectric interaction most likely to happen?
A. Metallic hardware
B. Muscle
C. Cortical bone
D. Adipose tissue

Answer 23

Metallic hardware

Question 24

The probability of which photon interaction is more sensitive to changes in kVp?
A. Compton effect
B. Photoelectric effect

Answer 24

Photoelectric effect

Question 25

Compare 2 X-ray beams: Beam A is set to 80kVp and 30mAs, and Beam B is set to 90kVp and 30mAs. Which of the following is TRUE? A. Beam B will contain more x-ray photons B. A photon from Beam B will be more likely to undergo a Compton interaction C. Beam A will have greater penetrability D. A photon from Beam A will be less likely to undergo a photoelectric interaction

Answer 25

Beam B will contain more x-ray photons

Question 26

Select all that apply (1-4 correct answers). Which of the following are benefits to x-ray beam filtration? A. Reduce patient dose B. Increase scatter radiation C. Remove high energy photons from the beam D. Harden the beam

Answer 26

- reduce patient dose - harden the beam

Question 27

Select all that apply (1-4 correct answers). In the diagnostic range, which photon interactions are significant? A. Photoelectric effect B. Coherent scatter C. Photodisintegration D. Pair production E. Compton effect

Answer 27

- photoelectric effect - Compton effect

Question 28

Which of the following photon interactions will NOT result in ionization of the involved atom? A. Photoelectric effect B. Compton effect C. Coherent scatter D. Bremsstrahlung interaction

Answer 28

Coherent scatter

Question 29

The energy of an x-ray photon produced via a characteristic interaction is equal to: A. 1/3 of the kVp setting at the console B. Whatever the kVp setting is at the console C. The difference in energies of involved electron shells D. The sum of energies of involved electron shells

Answer 29

The difference in energies of involved electron shells

Question 30

Which kVp setting will result in more efficient production of x-ray photons? A. 50 kVp B. 100 kVp

Answer 30

100 kVp

Question 31

All other things being equal, which setup will allow you to take a patient radiograph with the lowest patient dose? a. Single phase with full-wave rectification b. High frequency with full-wave rectification c. Single phase with half-wave rectification d. Third phase with full-wave rectification

Answer 31

High frequency with full-wave rectification

Question 32

Which of these is NOT a good method of dispersing the intense heat generated by x-ray photon production? A. Keeping the tube in a housing filled with oil B. Rotating the anode C. Always using a kVp less than 100 D. Making the target out of tungsten

Answer 32

Always using a kVp less than 100

Question 33

Using an mAs that is too high will result in: A. A radiograph that is too dark (overexposure) B. A radiograph that is very noisy/grainy C. A radiograph that is too pale (underexposure)

Answer 33

A radiograph that is too dark (overexposure)

Question 34

What piece of equipment is used to compensate for the anode heel effect? A. Step wedge B. Wedge of cheese C. Positioning wedge D. Wedge filter

Answer 34

Wedge filter