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Earth Science > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the four systems of the earth

A

Geosphere
Atmosphere
Biosphere
Hydrosphere

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2
Q

Geosphere

A

earth and all its layers

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3
Q

What are the three layers of a geosphere

A

Crust, mantle, and core

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4
Q

Layers of the sun and the order of them.

A

Core -> radiation -> convection zone -> photosphere -> chromosphere -> corona

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5
Q

Atmosphere

A

A blanket of gas that surronds the Earth

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6
Q

what are the five layers of the atmosphere

A

troposphere(tropical shower), stratosphere(straps on boots by the door), mesosphere(mess by the toilet), thermosphere(beday has tempure) and exosphere(exit through the door)

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7
Q

What are the purposes of the atmosphere

A

Oxygen to give life, Protects from uv rays from sun, Regulates temp.

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8
Q

Hydrospere

A

all water in earth(includes glacier,clouds, ocean, and all forms of water including gasses

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9
Q

Bioshpere

A

all orgiams and the enviroment they live in

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10
Q

what are the five areas of earth science

A

astromy, meteorology ,geology ,biology ,cosmology

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11
Q

lines on a topographic map are called what

A

depression contour lines

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12
Q

How are solar flares related to the solar activity cyle(aka sunspot cycle)

A

more sunspots, more solar flares

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13
Q

What happens to the core of the sun when it runs out of hydrogen for fuel (size, temp, new fuel?)

A

core shrinks, then increase of temp, new fuel is then helium

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14
Q

two types of stars that can from after a supernova are what

A

nutron stars and black holes

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15
Q

what determines the type of a star a star will become

A

density , mass and hydrogen and helium.

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16
Q

what is the heaviest element that can be prudeced in a star

A

iron

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17
Q

what stars produce iron

A

supergiants

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18
Q

what does a stars absorption spectra tell us

A

temp and composition of a stare

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19
Q

what is fusion

A

how energy is produced in a star

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20
Q

solar flare

A

violent eruption on the sun

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21
Q

solar wind

A

streams of plasma from the corona at high speed

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22
Q

prominece

A

arc of plasma

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23
Q

black hole

A

dense star that is a region of spacetime where gravity is so strong that nothing — no particles or even electromagnetic radiation such as light — can escape from it.

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24
Q

nebula

A

condensed cloud of interstellar gas

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25
Q

supernova

A

outward explosion of gas

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26
Q

prostar

A

rotating disk, disk shape

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27
Q

what happens during redshift

A

redshift is moving away

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28
Q

What does redshift tell us about the universe

A

the universe is expanding

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29
Q

what are the three outcomes of the universe

A

open closed flat

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30
Q

open out come of the universe is :

A

will forever continuously expand

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31
Q

closed outcome of the universe

A

expansion will stop and be pulled back to original starting point

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32
Q

flat outcome of the universe

A

slows to a stop

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33
Q

big bang theory

A

universe started at one point and has been expanding ever since

34
Q

universe is how old

A

13.8 byo

35
Q

local group

A

SMALL clusters of galaxies

36
Q

outward expansion of the universe is increasing by inward froce

A

true

37
Q

rr lyrae varibles pusation periods and distance

A

pp= 1.5 hrs to 1..2 days and it is closer to earth than cephid variables

38
Q

cephid varibles pulsation periods and distance

A

pp=1-100 days farther than rrlyraea variables from earth

39
Q

supercluster

A

super huge galaxies that are hundreds of millions of light years in size

40
Q

cosmology

A

study of the universe its nature and its origen

41
Q

population one stars age

A

younger than 10 bil.

42
Q

population one stars location

A

disk and arms

43
Q

population one stars percentage of element heavier than helium

A

2% one person( one pop star holdings 2 balloons)

44
Q

p2s stars location

A

halo and bulge

45
Q

p2s stars age

A

older than 10 bil

46
Q

p2s stars percentage of element heavier than helium

A

.1% (two people one balloon)

47
Q

each planet’s orbit about the Sun is an ellipse.

A

Kepler’s first law

48
Q

planet moves faster when closer to the sun and slower when farther fom the sun in an ellipse

A

Kepler’s second law

49
Q

period for a planet to orbit the Sun increases rapidly with the radius of its orbit.

A

Kepler’s third law

50
Q

gaint impact theory

A

marz sized object hit earth made moon

51
Q

eccentricity and relation of shape of orbit

A

closer to 0 more round closer to one more ovular

52
Q

sun formed in center

A

true

53
Q

planets form in :

A

rotating disk

54
Q

plantes:

A

MVEMJSUN

55
Q

equinox

A

equal # of night

56
Q

Solstice

A

max number of daylight hours

57
Q

metor

A

streak of light

58
Q

asteriod

A

rocky planetesimal

59
Q

metorite

A

collieds with ground

60
Q

metoriods

A

fragmen of a asteroid

61
Q

five principles of relitive dating

A

original horizantaily superpostion, cross cutting relationships, inclusions, lateral continuity

62
Q

era epochs periods and eons in ored in longest to shortees amout of time

A

era, eon, period, epoch

63
Q

age of reptiles

A

mezizoic

64
Q

age of mamles

A

mezosoic

65
Q

dinosauers extint

A

mezosoic

66
Q

largest mass extinction

A

paleozoic

67
Q

sources of haet in early earth:

A

radioactivity, impacgs,

68
Q

3 rock evidence

A

zircon, astrialus age, and moon rocks

69
Q

ocean floor is how old

A

180 mill

70
Q

pangea is how old

A

200mill

71
Q

ocean floor formed after pangea broke apart

A

caused pangea to never go back together

72
Q

what boundry dooes seafloor speading ocour at

A

divergent, and ocean ridges

73
Q

ocean trench which boundry

A

convergent

74
Q

mid ocean trench which boundry

A

divergent

75
Q

subduction zone which boundry

A

convergent

76
Q

mountain range which boundry

A

c-c

77
Q

volcanic mountain range which boundry

A

o-c

78
Q

volcainic islands which boundry

A

o-o

79
Q

rift vally which boundry

A

divergent

80
Q

whereas are most divergent bundies found?

A

seafloor, and rift vallys

Earth Science (1 decks)

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