midterm Flashcards
(117 cards)
vWD
autosomal dominant, stabilizes factor VIII
desmopressin
procoagulent, like vasopressin, releases endogenous fVIII, vWF, plasminogen
aminocaproic acid, tranexamic acid
inhibits plasminogen from binding to fibrin, for surgeries on hemophiliac pt or large blood loss pt
vitamin K
procoagulant, warfarin antidote
protamine
procoagulant, heparin antidote
unfractionated heparin
anticoagulant, extracted from cow lung, pig intestines (so no animal allergies), tx of DVT, PE, and MI
enoxaparin, dalteparin
anticoagulant, LMWH
fondaparinux
like a LMWH, NO ANTIDOTE!
dabigatran
anticoag., no monitoring of INR/aPTT monitoring, idarucizimab is antidote
rivaroxaban and apixaban
anticoag., NO ANTIDOTE, no monitoring of INR/aPTT
warfarin
less consistent anticoag., LOTS of INXNS!, inhibits vit. K reductase, impactive by vit. K levels in liver, metabolized by CYP450 enzymes in liver, inxt with ABs, anti-fungals, NSAIDS, herbs, vit. K rich foods, must MONITOR INR/aPTT! antidote = vit. K
aspirin
platelet inhibitor, COX inhibitor
clopidogrel
platelet inhibitor, irreversible inhibition of P2Y12 receptor
use anticoagulants in dentistry?
NO!
safe INR for warfarin pts:
4.0 for simple OS, 3 for OS resulting in lots of blood loss
stop aspirin for OS?
Nope
who to consult before modifying anticoagulation therapy>
Prescribing physician or anticoag. clinic!
who has LPS
gram negative bacteria
who has thick cell wall
gram postitive bacteria
prevents cell growth or replication and limits spread of infection…
bacteriostatic
induces bacterial cell death
bactericidal
act on single or ltd group of bacteria, 1st choice
narrow spectrum, eg. isoniazid
effective against gram + and - bacteria
extended spectrum, ampicillin
active against wide variety of microbial species
broad spectrum, eg. tetracycline