midterm

Question 1

proposes that aging events are random and accumulate with time

Answer 1

stochastic theories

Question 2

repeated injury to cells, tissues and organs results in aging.

Answer 2

wear-and-tear theory

Question 3

all genetically programmed for a specific lifespan

Answer 3

non-stochastic theory

Question 4

___ % of the population was over the age of 65

Answer 4

12.4

Question 5

measure of the overall health status of a population

Answer 5

life expectancy

Question 6

2010, projected life expectancy

Answer 6

77.4

Question 7

age span of young-old

Answer 7

65-74

Question 8

age span of middle-old

Answer 8

75-84

Question 9

age span of old-old

Answer 9

85 +

Question 10

men born b/w 1920 & 1930 are in what cohort

Answer 10

wwII and korean war

Question 11

women born in 20-30 time frame are said to be

Answer 11

traditional

Question 12

men born b/w 1940-1955

Answer 12

vietnam cohort

Question 13

women born in 40-55 era are

Answer 13

less traditional

Question 14

baby boomer year cohort

Answer 14

1946-1964

Question 15

presence of chronic diseases

Answer 15

chronicity

Question 16

where do most older adults live

Answer 16

at home

Question 17

what percentage live in long-term care facilities

Answer 17

4.5%

Question 18

federal poverty threshold for an ind. age 65+ is

Answer 18

$10,210

Question 19

emphasis on outcomes which means we are

Answer 19

involved in diagnosis and research

Question 20

quality of care
performance appraisal
education
collegiality
ethics
collaboration
research & resource utilization

Answer 20

8 standards of professional gerontological nursing performance

Question 21

3 nursing roles specific to gerontological nursing

Answer 21

gerontologic nurse generalist
gerontological clinical nurse specialist
gerontological/geriatric nurse practitioner

Question 22

reintegrate past experiences and to resolve conflict and repair relationships

Answer 22

purpose of life review

Question 23

total body water declines
muscle mass declines by 30%
max hrt rate 155-195
cardiac reserves down 
lung vital capacity down by 17%
renal perfusion down by 50%
cerebral blood flow down by 20%

Answer 23

normal changes with aging

Question 24

sensory losses lead to

Answer 24

reduced ability and desire to communicate
isolation
frustration leads to aggression or withdrawal

Question 25

vision loss

Answer 25

decreased pupil size and accommodation

Question 26

central vision loss

Answer 26

macular degeneration

Question 27

glaucoma

Answer 27

peripheral vision loss

Question 28

cataracts

Answer 28

cloudy vision

Question 29

one of first signs of CHF in older adults

Answer 29

loss of appetite

Question 30

subclinical s&s of hypothyroidism

Answer 30

``` delirium depression dementia weight loss constipation muscle weakness/abnormal gait ```

Question 31

hyperthyroidism

Answer 31

fatigue & slowing down

Question 32

sign of dehydration

Answer 32

orthostatic hypotension

Question 33

cell death

Answer 33

senescence

Question 34

damage caused to cellular proteins by free radicals

Answer 34

oxidative stress

Question 35

common precursor of disease, drug toxicity or psychological trauma

Answer 35

change in mental status

Question 36

primary causes of deliriumand confusion

Answer 36

medication side effects toxic levels of meds drug-drug interactions

Question 37

confusion assessment method

Answer 37

did the confusion happen rather quickly? is this person easily distracted and inattentive? does the person have an altered level of consciousness?

Question 38

used to describe the decrease in muscle mass and other physiologic changes that result from aging or immobility

Answer 38

deconditioning

Question 39

inability to perform activities that ensure a person's independence, such as rising from a chair

Answer 39

functional decline

Question 40

behaviors that trigger an assessment for delirium

Answer 40

agitation change in behavior memory impairment

Question 41

delirium onset

Answer 41

over short period of time worsening at night

Question 42

delirium frequently occurs

Answer 42

b/w 3rd & 6th day of hospitalization

Question 43

delirium can progress to

Answer 43

stupor and/or coma seizures death

Question 44

delirium can be completely resolved in

Answer 44

1-4 weeks

Question 45

most vulnerable to delirium

Answer 45

older sicker cognitively impaired

Question 46

primary drug related cause of delirium

Answer 46

anticholinergic meds (tricyclics)

Question 47

confusion assessment method (CAM)

Answer 47

based on observation - not interview | valid & reliable

Question 48

increased psychomotor activity, such as rapid speech, irritability and restlessness

Answer 48

hyperactive delirium

Question 49

lethargy slowed speech apathy decreased alertness

Answer 49

hypoactive delirium