Midterm Flashcards by Abagayle Moody

Complete denture indications: (6)

When all else has failed
When systemic health is declining
When adaptability is declining
Restore function (chewing and speech)
Restore facial appearance
Maintain health

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Goal of complete dentures:

To preserve what remains, not replacement for the missing teeth

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Resistance to vertical movement toward the underlying tissues:

Support

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The support from bone and mucosa when bilateral simultaneous contact of opposing posterior teeth

Initial support

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Initial support is from _____ and _____ with bilateral simultaneous contact of opposing posterior teeth

bone and mucosa

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Load the tissue area most resistant to resabsorption:

long term support

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Resistance to horizontal/lateral or rotational movements:

stability

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What facets affect stability?

shape of alveolar ridges
size of alveolar ridges/vestibular depth
flange length and shape (best adaptation)
intimate fit of prosthesis

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What is the best adaptation for stability?

Flange length and shape

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resistance to displacement of the denture base away from the ridge:

retention

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What facets affect retention?

adhesion
cohesion
interfacial surface tension
intimate tissue contact
border seal
atmospheric pressure
neuromuscular control

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attraction between unlike molecules:

adhesion

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force between molecules of same material:

cohesion

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thin fluid film between two closely contacting objects:

interfacial surface tension

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Impression technique affects the:

intimate tissue contact

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Prevent ingress of air:

border seal

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a learned phenomenon by the patient which the external contour denture base promotes

neuromuscular control

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The denture problem:

Dentures move around in the mouth and create pressure on:

supporting mucosa/bone

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The denture problem:

Pressure from dentures causes:

bone reabsorption

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The denture problem:

Bone reabsorption results in decreasing:

decreasing horizontal stability and retention

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The denture problem:

Retention of complete dentures requires _____, however, most patients takes meds that cause ____.

saliva of good quality and quantity; xerostomia

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The denture problem:

Percentage of dentures that will have at least 1 major deficiency

60%

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The denture problem:

Deficiencies in dentures include:

integrity
excessive tooth wear
adhesive or liner present
instability (2mm)
poor retention

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The denture problem:

Dentures are made by lab techs instead of dentists (now legal in 6 states)

denturism

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The denture problem: Dentures are not an alternative ______ or _______.

expensive restoration treatments; unaesthetic dentition

The denture problem: Dentures are a substitute for:

NO TEETH AT ALL (not better than natural teeth)

The useful life for a set of dentures:

7-10 years

Complete dentures fabrication steps: What is the first step?

1. oral exam, treatment plan, preliminary impressions (clinical)

Complete dentures fabrication steps: 1. oral exam, treatment plan, preliminary impressions (clinical) 2. ?

2. make custom trays on preliminary casts (lab)

Complete dentures fabrication steps: 1. oral exam, treatment plan, preliminary impressions (clinical) 2. make custom trays on preliminary casts (lab) 3. ?

3. border molding and secondary impressions (clinical)

4. master casts, record bases, and occlusion wax rim (lab)

5. maxillo-mandibular relations, teeth selection (clinical)

5. maxillo-mandibular relations, teeth selection (clinical) a. facebow transfer

6. arrange maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth (lab) a. casts mounted with record bases and wax rims

7. anterior trial placement (clinical)

8. arrange maxillary and mandibular posterior teeth (lab)

Complete dentures fabrication steps: 1. oral exam, treatment plan, preliminary impressions (clinical) 2. make custom trays on preliminary casts (lab) 3. border molding and secondary impressions (clinical) 4. master casts, record bases, and occlusion wax rims (lab) 5. maxillo-mandibular relations, teeth selection (clinical) 6. arrange maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth (lab) 7. anterior trial placement (clinical) 8. arrange maxillary and mandibular posterior teeth (lab) 9. ?

9. trial placement in wax and patient approval (clinical) a. make new interocclusal/CR record and check on articulator

Process dentures, lab remount (lab)

11. clinical remount, occlusal corrections, insertion (clinical)

12. post-insertion recalls (clinical)

What are the patient classifications?

1. philosophical 2. exacting/critical 3. hysterical 4. indifferent

What types of patients is the easiest to treat?

philisophical or indifferent

What types of patients are the hardest to treat?

hysterical or exacting/critical

A patient who is the mechanical engineer type, they want to know EVERYTHING about what you are doing:

exacting/critical patient

A patient that is nervous all of the time and is overly emotional, they can't seem to adapt to losing their teeth:

hysterical

A patient that comes in because his wife wants him to fix his teeth, he personally does not care:

indifferent

The intraoral exam is both:

visual and tactile

When doing an intra oral exam, what should you look at?

mucosa, basal seat, arch form, and inter-arch space

When looking at the mucosa in an intraoral exam, you should note:

colors and contours

When looking at the basal seat during an intraoral exam, you should note the:

height, contour, ridge, parallelism, palatal vault shape

When looking at the arch form during an intraoral exam, you should note whether the arch is:

square, tapering, or ovoid

Allows for the intraoral soft tissues to form the length, width, and shape of custom tray borders prior to making secondary impression:

border molding

Where attached mucosa is: (albumin mucosa)

border

Posterior teeth are removed; denture placed immediately after the removal of natural teeth:

immediate denture

All of the teeth are removed the day of denture placement

complete denture

_____ people are edentulous in atleast 1 arch

36 million

_____ complete dentures are done each year

5.5 million

Edentulous patients are more likely to be:

obese and nutrient deficient

If you smoke you are _____ to be edentulous

3x as likely

______ of gross income in the average general practice comes from partial and complete edentulism

27%

Causes of denture movement:

1. resiliency of tissue 2. instability of dentures

Almost all principles of complete denture fabrication have been formulated to ____ of dentures or to _____ transmitted to the supporting structures

decrease movement; minimize forces

A problem with dentures is that in the edentulous state, there are few natural _____ left. The dentures rest on tissues that will:

adaptive mechanisms; change progressively and irreversibly

In natural dentition, where does our support come from?

dentin, cementum, PDL, alveolar bone

Support in the natural dentition: ______ area of PDL in each arch

45cm squared

Mean denture-bearing areas: Maxilla= Mandible=

23cm squared (maxilla) 12cm squared (mandible)

What happens to the mean denture-bearing areas as the ridges resorb?

they decrease

Living bone responds to functional stress by depositing bone in areas of stress:

Wolff's Law

Edentulous have very little _____ to functional stress on alveolar bone

adaptation

Wearing dentures is almost always accompanied by:

undesirable loss of bone

Residual ridge resorption occurs because:

bone is not a static tissue

Pressure on the ridge causes blood supply to be ____ which in turn causes _____

interrupted; bone reabsorption

Partly covered by a layer of cortical bone after teeth are extracted

maxillary ridge

Crest remains spongy, trabeculated and not resistant to resabsoprtion:

mandibular ridge

Where is the primary denture support area on the mandibular arch:

buccal shelf

Resorption is 4x more severe on the ______ arch

mandibular

To minimize residual ridge resorption, we want to minimize the _____ by _____.

minimize the pressure ; spreading pressure out onto a wider support base

Dentures should be removed from the mouth for atleast ______ hours per day to allow the tissues to rest

8 hrs

Proper impression techniques include: 1. record tissues _____ 2. Extend denture base using ___ within _____. 3. Placement of pressure on those tissues ____.

1. record tissues at rest 2. extend denture base using maximum support area, within physiological limits 3. Placement of pressure on those tissues best able to tolerate it

To help minimize residual ridge resorption, there should be no contact of ______ in centric relation closure.

opposing anterior arches

To help minimize residual ridge resorption, _____ & ______ at delivery in order to reduce occlusal discrepancies (ensure occlusal harmony)

clinical remount and equilibration

Decrease the pressure per unit area by extending the denture base to cover the maximum area within physiological tolerance

snowshoe principle

The snowshoe principle deals with what aspect

support

More saliva contact=

more contact adhesion

More saliva contact= more contact adhesion This deals with what aspect?

retention

Proper peripheral extension =

good border seal

Proper peripheral extension = good border seal This deals with what aspect?

retention

Quantity and quality of saliva affect:

denture retention

Dryness presents much difficulty for denture wearers- discomfort, ulcerations, retention loss, and chewing problems

xerostomia

Autoimmune and inflammatory conditions Graft vs. host disease IgG G4- related sclerosing disease Amyloidosis Sarcoidoisis Infections such as HIV, AIDS, Hep C Salivary gland aplasia or agenesis What do all these have in common?

Associated with xerostomia

Anticholinergic drugs Antihistamines Antihypertesnive agents Opioids Psychotropic agens Skeletal muscle relaxants What do all these have in common?

All cause xerostomia

Amount of retention is directly proportional to the ____ of the denture base material, to the ___ covered by the denture base, and to the ____ of the saliva.

wettability; area; viscosity RETENTION DIRECTLY PROPORTIONAL TO THESE

Maxilla has _____ retention than the mandible

Dentures do not cure _____

edentulism

Dentures are not substitutes for _____, they are substitutes for ____.

natural teeth; no teeth

The patient personality and _____ plays a major role in the overall complete denture success

relationship with the dentist

A patients mismatched perceptions and expectations may mean:

treatment failure

Well-adjusted, positive self image (psychological, social, and interpersonal) is an important determinant of:

denture satisfaction

The presence of ______ does not significantly affect ability to achieve a successful outcome with complete dentures

less-than-ideal intra-oral anatomy

Mucosa that is highly keratinized, and the best denture support:

masticatory

Mucosa that is thin, non-keratinized; mucosa of the lips and cheek

Lining

Lining mucosa forms a seal against dentures but does not:

resist stress

Keratinized mucosa found on the dorsal surface of tongue, contains taste buds

specialized

What are the 3 types of mucosa?

1. masticatory (best denture support) 2. lining 3. specialized

Characteristics of idea denture-bearing tissue:

1. firmly bound, keratinized masticatory mucosa 2. zone of connective tissue and submucosa 3. underlying cortical bone muscle attachments near by

Routine reabsorption pattern following extraction of teeth results in smaller maxilla when compared to dentate arch:

Centripetal resoprtion

Centripetal resorption is the is the routine reabsoprtion pattern _____ resulting in _____ when compared to dentate arch.

following extraction of teeth; smaller maxilla

In centripetal resoprtion, the maxilla shrinks: this can result in going from a class ____ to class ___

inward and upward class I to class III

The labial frenum: (maxillary) 1. Must be accommodated during _______ 2. Contains no _____ 3. Inserts in _____ direction 4. Little ____ movement and function 5. _____ in denture should be narrow

1. impression 2. muscle fibers 3. vertical direction 4. lateral movement 5. notch

The labial vestibule: (maxillary) 1. Space between _____ and ______. 2. Reflection contains no ____.

1. labial frenum and buccal frenum 2. muscle fibers

The space between the labial frenum and buccal frenum:

labial vestibule

The buccal frenum: (maxillary) 1. Single or multiple- located in area of ______ 2. _____ direction of reflection 3. May contain few fibers of _____ 4. Notch in denture is broad since movement of frenum is affected by ____ and ______.

1. premolars 2. anti-posterior 3. caninus muscle 4. buccinators and orbicularis oris msucle

Notch in the denture is broader at the _____ frenum than at the _____ frenum

Buccal; labial

Buccal vestibule may also be called: (2)

corono-maxillary space; retrozygomatic space

The space between the buccal frenum and hamular notch:

buccal vestibule (retrozygomatic space)

In the buccal vestibule, you can palpate _____ just buccal to 1st maxillary molar

zygomatic process

____ affects the retrozygomatic space (buccal vestibule) when moving the jaw side to side

coronoid process

The buccal vestibule (retrozygomatic space) must be filled vertically and laterally by ______ to prevent ingress of air and loss of retention of maxillary denture

denture flange

Extension of denture into the border:

denture flange

What is commonly incompletely captured in preliminary impressions?

Buccal vestibule (retrozygomatic space)

What technique can be used to capture the buccal vestibule (retrozygomatic space) in preliminary impressions?

syringe technique

The coronoid process: (maxillary) 1. Place mirror head lateral to _____ to view coronoid process 2. move _____ to opposite side and note binding or pain 3. This gives us indication of ____ for flange

1. tuberosity 2. mandible 3. width of the retrozygomatic space

The coronoid process give us indication of the width of the retrozygomatic space for flange: Open = Closed = side to side =

narrow wider more narrow

The hamular notch may also be called:

pterygomaxillary notch

Narrow cleft between tuberosity and pterygoid hamulus:

hamular notch

The maxillary denture must extend into the _____ area

hamular notch

The posterior border of the denture lies along the:

hamular notch

The hamular notch contains _____ for comfort and retention

soft displaceable tissue

The hamular notch is sometimes posterior to where ____ in the soft tissue appears

depression

3 words to describe the maxillary tuberosity:

oversized, resorbed, undercut

Edentulous patients must have these surgically removed fro dentures to fit:

maxillary tuberosities

Soft displaceable tissue on the lingual side:

glandular tissue

Tissue that is used to attach and maintain maxillary denture

glandular tissue

Junction of moveable and immovable tissues of the soft palate:

Vibrating line

The vibrating line is located on the ____. The vibrating line is NOT located at the:

soft palate junction of hard and soft palate

The tissues at the vibrating line are yielding and ____.

easily displaced

Saying _____ moves the soft palate up. ____ moves the soft palate down.

ahhhh valsalvas maneuver

The denture should end at the _____ (anterior to hamular notches)

vibrating line

The vibrating line is anterior to the:

hamular notches

Coalescence of mucous glands in the general area of the vibrating line , unique to humans, individual variation

fovea palatini

Fovea palatini are located on each side of the:

midline

The primary support area for the maxillary denture

Hard palate

median palatine raphe may also be called the:

midline palatine suture

A bony midline structure, no cushioning effect:

median palatine raphe

What maxillary landmark may require relief when covered by the denture:

median palatine raphe

Where is the secondary support area for maxillary dentures:

rugae

Resists the anterior displacement of denutre:

rugae

Anatomical area to help chew food and develop speech:

rugae

Landmark for setting anterior teeth (maxillary)

incisive papilla

Pad of connective tissue overlying nasopalatine canal opening:

incisive papilla

What maxillary area is not tolerant of pressure from denture?

Incisive papilla

Ideal palatal vault form is:

medium depth, with well defined rugae in anterior

Residual ridges may be what shapes?

U or V

What may require removal prior to maxillary denture placement?

torus palatinus

Located distal to the junction of hard and soft palates (On the vibrating line)

Posterior palatal seal

The posterior palatal seal contains a ____ tissue area that may be slightly ____ without harm

glandular; compressed

What is the purpose of the posterior palatal seal?

retention of maxillary denture

The functions of the posterior palatal seal include: 1. Completes ____ of maxillary complete denture 2. Compensates for ____ in processed resin 3. Gives firm contact with tissue of soft palate which reduces _____.

1. border seal 2. dimensional changes (shrinkage) 3. gagging

The classification of soft palate is according to how it:

drapes

Classification of soft palate: Class I: _____ tissue available Class II: ______ tissue available Class II: _____ tissue available

Class I: 5-12 mm Class II: 3-5mm Class III: less than 3mm

The "ideal" class of soft palate, easiest to tolerate, broadest range, and hardest to locate:

Class I

The "adequate" class of soft palate, most common:

Class II

The "unfavorable" class of soft palate, easiest to locate, hardest to tolerate, have to spot on vibrating line:

Class III

In the mandibular arch, both the labial _____ and _____ are present

labial frenum; labial vestibule

Located in the mandibular arch, may contain fiber which attach to "modiolus", a structure at corners of mouth where 8 muscle converge

buccal frenum

Primary support area for mandibular complete denture

buccal shelf

Flat area posterior to buccal frenum:

buccal shelf

The buccal shelf is between the height of the ____ and ____

ridge & external oblique ridge

The denture base should completely cover the: (mandibular)

buccal shelf

Describe the resorption of the buccal shelf:

resorbs slowly

Narrow, ligamentous band extending rom hamulus to mylohyoid ridge:

pretygomandibular raphe

____ muscle and ____ muscle fibers enter at the pterygomandibular raphe

buccinator; superior pharyngeal constrictor

Limits the length of maxillary and mandibular dentures:

pterygomandibular raphe

When the ______ is prominent, it can cause pain and loosening of denture

pterygomandibular raphe

If the pterygomandibular raphe is prominent is requires _____ (to fix pain and loosening of denture)

relief groove

primary support area for mandibular denture along with the buccal shelf:

retromolar pad

Triangular pad of soft tissue at posterior end of mandibular residual ridge:

retromolar pad

What is the importance of the retromolar pad?

An important landmark where you end the denture

The retromolar pad must be covered by:

denture base

What results when the retromolar pad is not covered by the denture base?

excessive resorption of residual ridge

Retromolar pad is created from:

scarring after extractions

The contents of the retromolar pad include:

1. glandular tissue 2. loose submucosa 3. fibers of buccinators and superior pharyngeal constrictor muscles 4. pterygomandibular raphe 5. temporalis muscle fibers

Anterior attachment of tongue that overlies the genioglossus muscle:

lingual frenum

The lingual frenum is the anterior attachment of tongue that overlies the:

genioglossus muscle

The origin of the mylohyoid muscle:

mylohyoid ridge

Determines the depth of the denture in the lingual aspect (lingual flange):

mylohyoid ridge

The mylohyoid ridge can be _____ and/or _____ requiring relief.

prominent; sharp

The mylohyoid ridge is attached to the:

floor of mouth

The mylohyoid ridge does not stay ____ and is deeper ____ and rises _____.

flat; anteriorly; posteriorly

Space from the lingual frenum to retromylohyoid curtain in posterior

alveololingual sulcus

Where the floor of the mouth meets the alveolar ridge:

alveololingual sulcus

The alveololingual sulcus is determined by the patients:

movement of tongue and floor of mouth

Distal end of lingual sulcus

retromylohyoid space

The area posterior to the mylohyoid space:

retromylohyoid space

On the mandibular denture, a good seal at the _____ aids in retention and stability

retromylohyoid eminence

In the retromylohyoid space, the denture flange adapts laterally to body of mandible creating a:

S curve

A secondary support area within the mandibular denture:

residual ridge

The size of the residual ridge:

decreases with time

Anatomy of the retromylohyoid space includes these structures:

1. mylohyoid muscle 2. palatoglossus muscle 3. superior constrictor muscle 4. pterygomandibular raphe 5. buccinator muscle

Implants into the mandible and lateral-canine areas will help support an:

over denture

Dentures are retained by ____ but supported by ___

implants; tissue

In order to place an implant, there must be:

enough bone in all areas

Why don't we want to place an implant in the premolar area?

because mental nerve is here

Why would would we not want to place an implant into the molar area?

too close to jaw- too much force

mandibular implants should be anterior to the:

mental forament

Impression material may be:

inelastic/rigid, elastic, or irreversible hydrocolloid

Alginate impression material is an example of:

irreversible hydrocolloid

Indelible markers that mark wet tissue with tip so we know where to extend the impression:

thompson markers

What area do we preload prior to taking maxillary impression?

palatal vault

The maxillary preliminary impression should include: (7)

1. residual ridge 2. buccal and labial vestibules 3. frenal attachments 4. fovea palatiae and vibrating line 5. palate 6. tuberosities 7. hamular notches

What area do we preload prior to taking mandibular impressions?

buccal vestibules

Mandibular preliminary impression should include: (8)

1. residual ridge 2. retromolar pads 3. buccal shelves 4. external oblique ridges 5. frenal attachments 6. retromolarmyelohyoid spaces 7. alveolar lingual sulcus 8. labial and buccal vestibules

Impression made for the purpose of diagnosis or for the construction of a tray:

preliminary impression

Negative registration of the entire denture bearing, stabilizing, and border seal areas present in the edentulous mouth:

secondary/final impression

What impression do you make the dentures on?

secondary/final

Thermo-plastic material (green sticks), combination of wax and resin, used to help make accurate impression of mouth (border molding):

impression compound

The inside of the denture:

intaglio

The outside of the denture:

cameo

Where teeth used to be naturally between cheeks and muscles:

neutral zone

Attempt to exert as little pressure as possible when taking impression; the objective is to capture tissues in their most undisturbed/undisplaced form:

minimal pressure impression

The rationale of minimal pressure impression is that if tissues are in ____ using an accurate, _____ impression material, retention and stability are increased.

undisturbed state; free-flowing

Create a "window" in tray to coincide with moveable tissue (so tissues don't flatten out)

mucostatic technique

The impression material in the mucostatic technique is low ____ and high _____

low viscosity; high flow

- impression made with soft tissue under significant loade - impression material is more viscous - impression tray is seated, patient closes mouth with force while material sets

function pressure impression

Theory that denture base-tissue contact during function would be more intimate if tissue is recorded under compression:

functional pressure impression

What type of impression do we perform in lab?

selective pressure impression

Creating pressure in certain areas such as the hard palate on the maxilla and both buccal shelf and retromolar pad on mandible, while maintaining minimal pressure on other areas:

selective pressure impression

Where might we create more pressure in a selective pressure impression?

maxilla- hard palate mandible- buccal shelf and retromolar pad

In a selective pressure impression- areas with moveable, weaker tissue should not:

take heavy loads

How do we select areas of pressure and non-pressure while taking an impression?

1. wax-space relief 2. drill vent-holes in tray 3. grind the tray for relief space 4. combination of all

When taking secondary impressions: 1. mucosa should be: 2. impression material is of: 3. seat and ____ until set

1. healthy 2. low viscosity 3. hold impression

Prior to taking the secondary impression , the patient should remove their existing dentures for atelast:

24 hours prior to taking final impression

Defines denture border in length, width, shape, and contour:

border molding

When border molding is completed, it should resemble:

anticipated denture border

When border molding, ensure there is ____ of space present between the vestibular reflection and tray border

2mm of space

In maxillary border molding, the try must extend into each _____ and just beyond/posterior to the _____.

hamular notch, vibrating line

In boxing an impression: 1. Impression is put into a mixture of: 2. pour up yellow stone cast into: 3. width of vestibule is defined by ___ on casts

1. 50/50 plaster and pummice 2. boxed impression 3. land area

-highly accurate - high elasticity - pleasant taste, odor, and colors - may be poured 1 week after making the impression - multiple pours possible - can be used with both stock and custom trays

PVS advantages

- more rigid than condensation silicones - may release hydrogen, causing imperfections in the stone casts (delay pour for 1 hr) - hydrophobic in nature - latex gloves can improve polymerization - expensive

PVS disadvantages

used to support the record rim material for recording maxilla-mandibular records:

record/trial bases

We want to extend record bases all the way to the:

land area

discarded during denture processing (resin, triad)

interim

actually becomes part of the complete denture (processed resin, metal)

permanent

The role of record bases/wax rims:

1. establish RVD 2. establish OVD 3. establish IOD 4. establish tentative occlusal plane 5. determine and record CR 6. transfer jaw relationship to articulator 7. enable "trial denture" arrangement

RVD=

rest vertical dimension

OVD=

occlusal vertical dimension

IOD=

interocclusal distance

Record bases must be: (characteristics)

rigid, stable, smooth, contoured and comfortable, and accurately fitting to ensure retention and stability

Faulty record bases contribute to the most common errors of:

CD fabrications

-improper occlusal vertical dimension (OVD) - inaccurate centric relation registrations (CR) - unstable "trial denture" -decreased patient confidence in dentist These all may be due to:

faulty record bases

Wax occlusal rims are an analogue (replacement) for the mouth's:

neutral zone

Used to establish jaw relationships and to arrange artificial teeth to form "trial denture"

wax occlusal rims

used in developing the vertical dimension of occlusion, and used in making tentative centric relation record, also serves as a general aid in selection of teeth:

wax occlusal rims

wax rim checklist: Thickness dimensions: anterior length= _____ maxillary, ______ mandibular posterior region= _____ anterior region= ____

22mm maxillary; 18mm mandibular 8mm posterior 5-7mm anterior

Plane of occlusion is referred to as:

campers plane

line running from the ala of the nose to the tragus of the ear:

campers plane

Plane that is ideally considered parallel to the occlusal plane:

camper's plane

occlusal plan is at an angle of 10 degrees relative to the _____ plan, when viewed in the mid-sagittal plane

Franfort horizontal plane

Distance between two points (nose and chin) when teeth are IN CONTACT

occlusal vertical dimension (OVD)

Distance between two points (nose and chin) when mandible is in its physiological rest position:

rest vertical dimension (RVD)

postural position the mandible assumes when all muscles of the jaw are at rest, lips ARE touching, but teeth are NOT touching

physiological rest position

at physiological rest position ____ exists between opening and closing muscles:

Equilibrium

The space between the teeth when the mandible is in physiological rest position:

Interocclusal dimension (IOD)

RVD= (equation)

OVD+ IOD

Reproducible posterior hinge position of the mandible (home plate)

centric relation

Is CR reproducible?

yes

Equation for OVD:

OVD= RVD-3mm

Interocclusal dimension (IOD) is usually:

2-4mm anteriorly

closest relationship of the incisal edges of teeth during function and rapid speech (saying "s" words- teeth should NOT touch)

freeway space (closest speaking space)

In recording centrical relation, we have two phases:

1. getting entire mandible retruded (bimanual technique) 2. positioning the condyle-disc assembly in the uppermost anterior position (touching posterior wall)

When recording centric relation the wax rims should:

NOT CONTACT IN ANTERIOR

When selecting denture teeth: anterior teeth are for: posterior teeth are for:

anterior- esthetics posterior- function

When selecting denture teeth beware of the:

dog jk indifferent patient

1/16 of the bizygomatic width=

the width of the central incisor

the bizygomatic width divided by 3.3 = combined width of the 6 anteriors on a:

flat plane

corner of mouth marked on wax rim= combined width of 6 anteriors on:

curved plane

5 ways to determine width of anterior teeth: 1. measure the width of the central incisor on the: 2. 1/16 of the bizygomatic width = 3. bizygomatic width divided by 3.3 = 4. corners of mouth marked on wax rim= 5. use the _____ facial meter

1. existing denture 2. the width of the central incisor 3. combined width of anterior 6 on flat plane 4. combined width of anterior 6 on curved plane 5. interalar

4 ways to determine length of anterior teeth: 1. measure length of the central incisor on the: 2. evaluate the _____ (avoid gummy smile) 3. 1/16 of the distance from the hairline to the ____= the length of the central incisor 4. measure the distance between the maxillary and mandibular _____.

1. existing denture 2. smile line 3. gnathion 4. ridges

The trubyte tooth indicator is based on the _____ for central incisor width It is also based on the _____ and _____ for the length of the central incisor

bizygomatic width hairline; gnathion

based on age, sex, and personality:

dentogenics

based on shape of face:

geometric theory

In the geometric theory, the maxillary central incisor resembles the ____ form

inverted face

What shapes of anterior teeth can be chosen?

square, square tapering, tapering, ovoid

The objective of the combo of ______ and _____ is to harmonize the teeth with their surrounding structure in an attempt to avoid detection and provide an esthetic appearance

dentogenics and geometric theory

The 3 points connected on each side of the face used when selection anterior teeth:

1. temple 2. zygomatic arch 3. angle of mandible

Biorform Mould classification system consists of 2 numbers followed by a letter... 1st number: 2nd number: letter:

1st number= shape category 2nd number= proportion and contour (straight/curved, long, medium or short) letter= width of upper 6 anterior teeth on a curve

Procelain teeth: Pro: Con:

pro: esthetics Cons: clacking sound, abrasive, weight

acrylic resin teeth: Pro: Con:

pro: easily adjusted, chemical bond to resin cons: occlusal wear

When setting the maxillary anterior teeth from a horizontal view, the incisal edges of the central incisors should be approximately _____ anterior to the midpoint of the incisive papilla.

8-10mm

When setting the maxillary anterior teeth, from a frontal view, approximately ___ of the central incisors should be visible at rest.

1-2mm

When setting the maxillary anterior teeth from a frontal view, the plane of the maxillary anterior teeth should be parallel to the:

interpupillary line

When setting the maxillary anterior teeth from a frontal view, when smiling, the incisal edges should follow the line of the:

lower lip

horizontal overlap: vertical overlap:

1-2 mm zero- 0.5mm

When setting posterior teeth, the mandibular teeth should be on a flat plane and extend _____ up the retromolar pad:

1/2-2/3

The static relationship between masticating surfaces of maxillary or mandibular teeth:

occlusion

The static and dynamic contact relationship between occlusal surfaces during function:

articulation

anatomic occlusion is ____ occlusion, while non-anatomic and lingualized occlusion is _____ or _____.

balanced balanced or non-balanced

bilateral, simultaneous, anterior and posterior occlusal contact of teeth in centric and ecentric positions (curve of spee and wilson)

balanced occlusion

What is a disadvantage of balanced occlusion?

1. greater lateral forces on alveolar ridges 2. difficult for class II, III, and crossbites

In Hanau's Quint: Incisal guidance is based on: Condylar guidance is based on:

anterior influence posterior influence

In regard to Hanau's Quint: what is the one factor that is FIXED because it is anatomically determined?

Condylar guidance

Midterm Flashcards

(301 cards)