Midterm

Question 1

What is a CPU (central processing unit)

Answer 1

the brain of the computer responsible for executing instructions, preforming calculations, and managing data movement

Question 2

what is RAM (random access memory)

Answer 2

volatile memory used by the computer to temporarily store data and programs that are actively being used

Question 3

what is main memory

Answer 3

refers to the RAM and other volatile memory used by the computer for immediate access to data and instructions

Question 4

what is secondary storage

Answer 4

hard drives and SSDs, provide long term storage for data and programs and media files

Question 5

What are cd/dvds

Answer 5

Optical storage media used for storing data, programs, and media files

Question 6

what is a hard drive

Answer 6

A magnetic storage device used for long-term data storage in computers.

Question 7

what is a flash memory

Answer 7

Non-volatile memory used in devices like USB drives, SSDs, and memory cards for data storage.

Question 8

what are input devices

Answer 8

Devices such as keyboards, mice, and touchscreens used to input data and commands into the computer.

Question 9

what is software

Answer 9

Programs and applications that run on the computer, including operating systems, utilities, and applications

Question 10

what is an operating system

Answer 10

The operating system manages hardware resources, provides a user interface, and enables interaction between software and hardware.

Question 11

what is problem solving

Answer 11

Problem-solving involves identifying problems, analyzing them, and developing solutions to address them effectively.

Question 12

what are algortihms

Answer 12

Algorithms are step-by-step procedures or instructions for solving a specific problem or completing a task.

Question 13

what are binary numbers

Answer 13

Base-2 numeral system used in digital electronics and computers, consisting of only two digits: 0 and

Question 14

what is a byte

Answer 14

A unit of digital information storage, typically consisting of 8 bits

Question 15

what is a bit

Answer 15

the smallest unit of data in a computer, representing a binary digit (0 or 1).

Question 16

what is the process of store and receiving

Answer 16

Processes of saving data to and retrieving data from memory or storage devices.

Question 17

what is a directory

Answer 17

A file system structure that organizes and stores files and other directories.

Question 18

what is machine langauge

Answer 18

The low-level programming language consisting of binary code directly understood by the computer’s hardware.

Question 19

what is high-level language

Answer 19

Programming languages with syntax closer to human language, making them easier to read and write, such as C, Python, and Java.

Question 20

what is IDE integrated development environment?

Answer 20

Software suite providing tools for software development, including code editor, compiler, debugger, and build automation tools

Question 21

what is a compiler

Answer 21

Software that translates high-level source code into machine code or executable files

Question 22

what is a source file

Answer 22

The file containing human-readable source code written in a programming language.

Question 23

what is an object file

Answer 23

The intermediate file generated by a compiler containing machine code or bytecode

Question 24

what are comments

Answer 24

Comments are used to add explanatory notes within the code for better understanding.

Question 25

what are data types and variables

Answer 25

Data types specify the type of data that can be stored in a variable, while variables are containers for storing data during program execution

Question 26

what is an assignment statement

Answer 26

Assign values to variables using the assignment operator (=).

Question 27

what are arithmetic expressions

Answer 27

Mathematical calculations involving arithmetic operators (+, -, *, /, %).

Question 28

what are input and output operations

Answer 28

Reading input from the user (scanf) and displaying output (printf) on the screen.

Question 29

what is a syntax error

Answer 29

Errors in the syntax of the code that violate the rules of the programming language

Question 30

what is runtime error

Answer 30

Errors that occur during program execution, such as division by zero or accessing invalid memory