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Occupational Optometry > MIDTERM > Flashcards

MIDTERM Flashcards

1
Q

Branch of optometry that broadly considers the relationship of people’s eye and vision to all aspects of environment

A

Environmental optometry

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2
Q

Branch of environmental optometry that considers all aspects of the relationship between work and vision

A

Occupational optometry

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3
Q

Occupational optometry includes:

A

Worker’s eye and visual system

Worker and the workplace environment

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4
Q

Important concern of occupational optometrist

A

Disease prevention
Health promotion

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5
Q

Goals of primary care and occupational optometry

A

To incorporate environmental optometry into private practice

To assess the impact of work and the work environment on the performance of the worker on the job

To understand the relationship between health and work

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6
Q

Minimum standard of care

A

Complete an occupational history on each adult patient, including assessment and interpretation of it

Identifying and diagnose conditions that may be occupationally induced

Assess their patient’s visual needs and provide treatment

Initiative preventive measures for patients with the same eye and vision risk

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7
Q

Optometrist key role in preventing eye injuries

A

Prescribe eye protection designed for specific job, usually in form of safety spectacle

Make certain that a person has a good visual skills for his or her job

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8
Q

Trends affecting optometrists

A

Growing awareness that exposure to hazardous substance in workplace may contribute to the origin of disease

An increasing awareness of the effects of the visual environment (lighting, contrast, glare and exposure to UV) on vision.

An increasing concern regarding the economic and social costs of premature mortality and preventable disability

An aging of the work force

An increasing interest by employers, insurance carriers and public in health promotion and dse. Prevention

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9
Q

Occupational case histories:

A

That assess work related task

Vision requirements

Determining the need for vision and eye protection

Risk from environmental hazards

Impact of current eye dse. And vision disorder on job performance

Diagnose work-related occupational disease

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10
Q

Is fundamental to the assessment of the work-relatedness of health problems and should become a routine component of any comprehensive health history

A

Occupational health history

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11
Q

Two components of occupational health history:

A

The survey or basic occupational history

Task analysis

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12
Q

Survey (Basic) Occupational History

A

Description of current and past jobs and occupations

Employment status

Exposure to hazards

Assessment of work-relatedness of the chief diagnosis

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13
Q

Classification of hazards:

A

Physical
Chemical
Biological
Psychologic
Ergonomic

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14
Q

Examples of physical hazards:

A

Radiation
Noise
Heavy lighting
Extreme temperatures

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15
Q

Examples of chemical hazards

A

Lead
Mercury
Dust
Gases
Fumes

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16
Q

Examples of biological hazards:

A

Viruses, bacteria, parasites, fungi

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17
Q

Examples of psychologic hazards:

A

Boredom
Work shift fatigue
Repetition
Risk of falling

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18
Q

Examples of ergonomic hazards:

A

Unnecessary lifting
Poor vision condition
Improper tool

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19
Q

Used when the survey occupational history increases the optometrist’s suspicion

A

Diagnostic occupational history

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20
Q

4 key steps in taking occupational history:

A

Listing of all jobs

Identification of all places of employment

Description of all operations

Assessment of illness in other workers similar to those of the patient

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21
Q

A detailed assessment of patient’s work related task

A

Task analysis

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22
Q

The assessment is done to maximize vision performance

A

Task analysis

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23
Q

Done to minimize or eliminate eye and vision hazards

A

Task analysis

24
Q

Task analysis requires the assessment of:

A
  1. Job description
  2. Distance from the worker’s eyes to the work areas
  3. Work environment
  4. Work area size, centrally and peripherally
  5. Visual attention requirements
  6. Work and surround area illumination
  7. Color discrimination requirements
  8. Stereoacuity
  9. Position of work surface
  10. Eye and vision hazards
  11. Size of task details
  12. Peripheral vision requirement
25
Q

A type of general confined space hazard that exist when electrical or mechanical equipment may be accidentally activated

A

Mechanical hazards

26
Q

Mechanical agents are normally described as:

A

Large or small
Blunt or sharp
Fast moving or slow moving
Stationary
Combination

27
Q

Mechanical hazards are agents that are likely to cause:

A

Penetrating laceration
Non-penetrating laceration
Abrasion
Contusion

28
Q

Damage from pressure exerted by the material

A

Contusion

29
Q

Scratch/scrape

A

Abrasion

30
Q

Puncture

A

Penetrating laceration

31
Q

Non-Penetrating laceration

A

Cut

32
Q

Common mechanical injury

A

Hammering
Woodworking
Grinding
Nailing
Drill and lathe use
Automobile accidents
Explosives

33
Q

The science concerned with poisons and how they affect the body

A

Toxicology

34
Q

Factors which determine the toxicity of a substance:

A

Composition of chemicals
Physical state
Amount
Concentration
Particular size
Route of absoprtion

35
Q

Duration of exposure in chemical hazard:

A

Acute
Sub-acute
Chronic

36
Q

Exposure is very short

A

Acute

37
Q

Longer than and up to 90 days

A

Sub-acute

38
Q

Exposure for many days or over a month or years

A

Chronic

39
Q

Biological hazards:

A

People who work in health related field

Doctors, nurses, and dentist

Hep B virus

HIV

COVID 19

40
Q

Study of the engineering aspects of the relationship between human workers and their working environment

A

Ergonomic hazards

41
Q

Psychosocial hazards:

A

Stress
Communication breakdown
Job overload
Boredom
Job uncertainty

42
Q

An equipment worn to minimize exposure to hazards that cause serious workplace injuries and illness

A

Personal protective equipment

43
Q

Ability to protect against specific hazards

A

Personal protective equipment

44
Q

Have safety frames constructed of metal or plastic and impact-resistant lenses

A

Safety glasses

45
Q

Tight fitting eye protection that completely covers the eyes

A

Chemical splash goggles

46
Q

Provides protection from impact, dust and splashes

A

Chemical splash goggles

47
Q

Sometimes called “direct ventilated goggles”

A

Dust goggles

48
Q

Are tight fitting eye protection designed to resist the passage of large particles

A

Dust goggles

49
Q

The shield is fluid resistant and provide splash protection

A

Fluid resistant shield

50
Q

The shield extend from the eyebrows to below the chin

A

Face shield

51
Q

Protect against potential splashes or sprays of hazardous liquids

A

Face shield

52
Q

Protective eyewear is required for class 3 and 4 laser use where radiation of the eye is possible

A

Laser eyewear

53
Q

Device worn before the eyes and portion or all of the face

A

Face mask

54
Q

Hand rigid device which completely covers the head

A

Hood

55
Q

A rigid device worn by the operator which shield the eyes, face, neck

A

Helmet

56
Q

ANSI

A

American National Standards Institute

57
Q

Examples of ergonomic hazards

A

Good posture
Poor lifting technique
Poor fitting of progressives
Neck ache
Poor posture

Occupational Optometry (3 decks)

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