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Music 103 > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the 4 perspectives of pop music

A

Themes of identity, historical setting, technological advancement, music as a business

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2
Q

Examples of themes of identity

A

Race/ethnicity, gender/sexuality, class/community, industry/tech

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3
Q

Examples of themes of identity

A

Race/ethnicity, gender/sexuality, class/community, industry/tech

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4
Q

What is the historical pattern of pop music?

A

Centres and periphery

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5
Q

What are the major streams of pop music?

A

Euro american, african america, latin american

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6
Q

What are the major types of songs of the euro american stream

A

Ballads: song with strophes that tell a story, simple romantic themes, repetitive melody with changing words
Dances
Immigrant folk music
Gospel

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7
Q

Example of a ballad

A

Barbry allen

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8
Q

What song is this: https://open.spotify.com/track/48padftX4ZbmcTQIYGncW6?si=QrZDKSA0QRSz0b0BKG1CTA

What are some important things to know about this song?

A

Barbry allen, ballad, first mainstream popular song, 1700s, Jean Ritchie is the artist

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9
Q

What are the major components of the African American stream?

A

Syncopation, backbeat, call and response, polyrythm
Slavery is the catalyst

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10
Q

What song is this: https://open.spotify.com/track/4fY5SGfBY5x1hohc5BlGi8?si=9SHSXOAWQZG2bcreceseOQ

What are the major qualities of this song?

A

Stagolee, african ballad/black spiritual,

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11
Q

What are the song types of the Latin American stream?

A

Habanera (influenced ragtime and blues)
tango (4 beat pulse)
rumba (cuban country which led to salsa)
samba
bossa nova

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12
Q

What song is this: https://open.spotify.com/track/7qWvMY4SVQTkXPiZVnxM5w?si=qHsM0q5cSNiSMEK4oQt5kA

What are the major qualities of this song?

A

La Cumparasita, most famous tango

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13
Q

What song is this: https://open.spotify.com/track/7qWvMY4SVQTkXPiZVnxM5w?si=qHsM0q5cSNiSMEK4oQt5kA

What are the major qualities of this song?

A

La Cumparasita, most famous tango

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14
Q

What is a minstrel show?

A

First distinct American entertainment
White people blackened their skin
Started off not as racism but as mockery of upper class

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15
Q

What is Jim Crow?

A

Minstrel performance of Thomas Rice
Mockery through mixed dialect

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16
Q

What are qualities of minstrel songs?

A

Popular as sheet music
Had stereotypical black instruments: bajon, claves
Travelling performance
Popular because it crossed rural with urban

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17
Q

Who is Stephen Foster

A

Huge american songwriter in 1800s
Versatile: genteel, ballads, folk songs, opera, minstrel songs
Wrote Jeanie with the Light Brown hair

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18
Q

What song is this: https://open.spotify.com/track/1E7ymz7MREJKjNIHGPbGpF?si=ODhU7FkkQhqexzn583Rkyw

What are the qualities of this song?

A

Form: AABA

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19
Q

What is Tin Pan Alley

A

Large building in NYC with lots of small rooms each with a piano
Creation of many popular styles of music

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20
Q

What are the qualities of Tin Pan Alley songs?

A

Common form: AABA
Vaudeville
Promoted by song pluggers

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21
Q

What is Ragtime?

A

Syncopated piano music that originated out of Tin Pan Alley
Left hand playing beat, right hand playing off beat
Was a kind of rebellious music

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22
Q

Who is Scott Joplin?

A

Ragtime composer, famously created Maple Leaf Rag

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23
Q

What song is this: https://open.spotify.com/track/0Pcks7WegMQRazrETNl6Yd?si=o4cIg1vUQm6M2Rs6NFmoSw

What is its form?

A

Maple Leaf Rag
AABBACCD

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24
Q

What is the Phonograph

A

First record player

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25
What is Tin Pan Alley song form?
AABA One verse (intro) followed by a refrain (in AABA - Somewhere Over the Rainbow - Deed I do
26
What is Jazz?
Hybrid of uptown black spiritual music and creole downtown music Confluence of genres
27
What are the instrument roles of Jazz?`
Trumpet: melody Clarinet: counter melody Trombone: bass Piano: chords Drums: regular pulse against syncopation
28
What is dixieland jazz band?
White group First Jazz recording
29
What is Creole Jazz Band?
Black Group King Joe Oliver
30
What is this song https://open.spotify.com/track/27NnHXU3w40RFJF9HEpazP?si=7ba31a53296349d7 What are the qualities of this song?
Tiger Rag Stop time technique Shout chorus Interaction of Different instruments
31
What is this song https://open.spotify.com/track/1ellvuD5W8qe7qXUCr5wsV?si=8ed44ef149094e60 What are the qualities of this song?
Dippermouth Blues SWING Quintesential american jazz song
32
Who is Louis Armstrong?
virtuosity on trumpet swing long solos
33
What is this song https://open.spotify.com/track/7dOz8RrPWP9UgJ8X8p1vU7?si=e1e81c069aa247aa What are the qualities of this song?
West End Blues Clear form even with improv 12 bar blues form Scat singing
34
What are race records?
Recorded by and for BLACK ARTISTS, jazz, gospel, blues
35
What is hillbilly music?
Recorded by and for and SOUTHERN WHITE ARTISTS
36
What is country blues?
Blues without standard form Passed down through aural tradition
37
What is classic blues?
12 BAR BLUES FORM → 3 sets of 4 bars 1 bar has 4 beats (emphasis of back beat) Each set is a phrase (each set is the tonic, subdominant, or dominant) (Group 1: tonic, group 2 subdominant - tonic, group 3 dominant - tonic) 1 verse is the 3 sets (phrases) 1,4,5 chord progression Tonic, subdominant, dominant AAB
38
What song is this https://open.spotify.com/track/3cw8eL6EI64aCw9Mw6Ipgd?si=8a02ef6b189147d2 What are the qualities of this song?
12 bar blues form with Tin Pan Alley form Bessie Smith Organ, misery, blues notes are prominant Form: A(aab) A(aab) B (abab) C (aab)
39
What song is this https://open.spotify.com/track/1TrGdXSgiBm8W68D2K1COG?si=44cfc48966a841d1 What are the qualities of this song?
12 bar blues from with extensions of phrases, Robert Johnson`, ver symbolic lyrics
40
Who is the Carter Family?
Family trio No "showiness", uncomplicated simple songs Carter Family Lick: (playing low strings, and then chord on the high strings)
41
What song is this https://open.spotify.com/track/0OGqPFqcOddyM4jFuVEtrA?si=b0aa9f60486e4f07 What are the qualities of this song?
gospel ship straightforward presentation No bravatto Carter Family Lick
42
What is the Golden Gate Quartet
Black Gospel tradition Contrast to the Carter Family
43
What song is this https://open.spotify.com/track/3qmGELGeKXlu3YR6Q6c1Gk?si=7f65bc7b2b3a48d6 What are the qualities of this song?
Back beat Performative Rhythmic background with other vocalists
44
Who is Jimmie Rodgers?
Prominent yodeler or Hilbilly Music
45
What song is this https://open.spotify.com/track/6vAh3ALReeVlTwakTYgWZR?si=47df1053c5c54203 What are the qualities of this song?
Yodel is the chorus in between each verse Timbre: high lonesome sound Form: - A: 1 2 3 4 5 - B: 1 2 3 4 5 -C: 1 2 3 4
46
what is swing music?
“Delayed” notes Culture not just music, cultural aesthetics: dress and architecture
47
Who is Benny Goodman?
Tour of California was the "birth" of swing
48
What song is this? https://open.spotify.com/track/6qYfKhS2CxhEt8x0OCTIY4?si=7da42127151540c5 What are the qualities of this song?
Call and response between reeds and brass Crooner in refrain, extended intro Form: AA Transition AABA
49
Who is Duke Ellington
One of the most important musicians of the 20th century Crosses all communities and subdivisions of America Jungle Music Style: experimental (unusual form, timbre (dark complex)), dense textures
50
What song is this? https://open.spotify.com/track/3Jw4lBWbcznhlitliEMW0x?si=fa5b87d78e9a4c4b What are the qualities of this song?
Caravan experiment in texture and timbre percussion is consistent to create mood mutes in instruments Exoticism
51
Who is Glen Miller (glen miller orchestra)?
Marked the apex of the swing era "White" swing sound, preppy, predictable
52
What song is this? https://open.spotify.com/track/5sj197xVLlMuwxgSCXYEkU?si=ff62b9cda0ec47b2 What are the qualities of this song?
In the mood biggest hit of the swing era simple variations that are predictable familiar bright timbre easy structure trick ending Form: 12 bar blues form with TPA bridge
53
Who are two of the biggest Jazz singers, and what were their major songs?
Billie Holiday: → example: Strange Fruit: very impressive singing, protest lynching Ella Fitzgerald: → example: Air Mail Special: tremendous rhythmic vocal flexibility
54
What is magnetic tape recording?
better able to capture full range then records, layers, recording is easier
55
What is the difference between 33 rpm and 45 rpm record size?
33: 20 minutes of music on each side 45: singles
56
Who is Frank Sinatra?
First big band singer to go solo Cross media promotion Crooner
57
What song is this? https://open.spotify.com/track/4JSuDtZATHNCygWbvquioq?si=ba4dd10433c1495e What are the qualities of this song?
big change from the swing era string instruments dominate tempo rubato (beat isn’t constant) invokes nonchalance
58
Who is Nat King Cole
Major black artist to cross over to white artist charts First black musician to have weekly tv and radio shows
59
What song is this? https://open.spotify.com/track/2WMyu5IYgxEuCd6xgFgJrl?si=ae024ebb92bd4f33 What are the qualities of this song?
piece in minor key extreme rubato rhythmic complexity obscure meter wild arrangement oboe (signifier of eastern music, exotic music at the time)
60
what is Rhythm Blues?
race records that became Rhythm and Blues
61
What are jump Blues?
blues: piano, bass, drums, horns Hard swing
62
What is Boogie Woogie?
12 bar blues with a constant subdivision and repetitive bass
63
Who is Louis Jordan and the Tympany Five?
Must successful Jump Blues band
64
What song is this? https://open.spotify.com/track/7zomto7FxxjE7Actd0hz03?si=e1d6c76072af48f5 What are the qualities of this song?
Boogie woogie sound Form: 12 bar blues verse and TPA chorus (ABAC)
65
What is electric blues?
Amplified version of country/delta blues Rough gritty timbre Distortion and feedback Steady rhythms Loneliness, independence and misfortune are major themes
66
Who is Muddy Waters?
Father of electric blues electric guitar replaces horns of jump blues as well as a harmonica
67
What song is this? https://open.spotify.com/track/5F7qmHHRIsYxnVZttf4cr9?si=45ca3efaa50f4b9f What are the qualities of this song?
essential electric blues song, heavy rhythms, sexual prowess, 16 bar blues (8 bars of tonic, then 4 and 4)
68
Who is Willie Mae "Big Mama" Thornton?
Singer, drummer, harmonica player, vaudeville comedian One woman show
69
What song is this? https://open.spotify.com/track/5Oc0vLGWdEWeCqIU8zyELt?si=2116735d70ac45e6 What are the qualities of this song?
female power country blues phrasing guitar solo elvis took this song later
70
What is country and western genre?
Gained popularity after WW2 Independent record labels helped popularity Nashville became center
71
Who is Hank Williams?
Most significant figure when country first became popular brought the image of the hard loving rambler
72
What song is this? https://open.spotify.com/track/0hveAq1VSNWo9MQYGMHvFF?si=c96ceec9d8ef4f62 What are the qualities of this song?
waltz meter strophic form lyrics (nature, stars) country twang

Music 103 (2 decks)

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