midterm

Question 1

patient seated with humerus internally rotated to 20 degrees or in a “hands on lap” position is best to locate…

Answer 1

biceps brachii tendon

Question 2

patient seated with arm held behind the back and elbow in flexion is best to locate…

Answer 2

supraspinatus tendon

Question 3

client seated or prone with humerus flexed to 90 degrees, adducted 10 degrees and externally rotated 20 degrees

Answer 3

infraspinatus & teres minor

Question 4

client is seated with the humerus at their side and the elbow flexed to 90 degrees - tendon is palpated inferior to the clavicle, lateral to the coracoid process

Answer 4

subscapularis

Question 5

client is seated with the elbow in slight flexion - tendon is located distal to the lateral epicondyle

Answer 5

common extensor tendon

Question 6

client is seated with the elbow in flexion and the wrist supinated - tendon is located distal to the medial epicondyle

Answer 6

common flexor tendon

Question 7

sheaths of these two muscles is palpated at the radial side of the wrist

Answer 7

abductor pollicis longus & extensor pollicis brevis tendons

Question 8

palpated just inferior to the lateral femoral condyle, directly posterior to the lateral collateral ligament and biceps femoris tendon

Answer 8

popliteus tendon

Question 9

foot is placed in plantarflexion - tendon in its sheath is palpated just posterior and inferior to the medial malleolus

Answer 9

tibialis posterior tendon

Question 10

which ligament near the shoulder forms a roof over the bicipital groove?

Answer 10

transverse humeral ligament

Question 11

which ligament at the shoulder forms an arch over the humeral head, acting as a block to superior translation?

Answer 11

coracoacromial ligament

Question 12

which ligament limits inferior translation in adduction and restrains anterior translation and lateral rotation up to 45º abduction

Answer 12

superior glenohumeral ligament

Question 13

which ligament is the most important of the three ligaments, has an anterior and posterior band with a thin “axillary pouch” in between so it acts like a hammock

Answer 13

inferior glenohumeral ligament

Question 14

which ligament at the elbow encircles the head of the radius and keeps it in contact with the ulna?

Answer 14

annular ligament

Question 15

which ligament at the elbow is the primary restraint to posterolateral instability?

Answer 15

lateral (radial) collateral ligament

Question 16

which ligament at the elbow provides the primary restraint to valgus instability?

Answer 16

medial collateral ligament

Question 17

Triangular Fibro-Cartilaginous Complex

Answer 17

-sits between ulna, lunate & triquetrum
-injured when wrist is forced into ulnar deviation
-helps to stabilize distal radioulnar joint & adds stability to ulnocarpal articulations

Question 18

power grips

Answer 18

-require firm control
-ulnar side works with radial side to give stronger stability
-used when strength or force is primary consideration

Question 19

precision grips

Answer 19

-involves primary the radial side of hand
-intrinsic hand muscles are more important
-used when accuracy & precision are required
-form “dynamic tripod”

Question 20

types of power grips

Answer 20

hook grasp
cylinder grasp
spherical grasp
fist grasp

Question 21

types of pinch grips

Answer 21

lateral key
three-point chuck
tip pinch

Question 22

which bursa at the shoulder is most involved with impingement syndrome?

Answer 22

subacromial

Question 23

primary support of the AC joint

Answer 23

CC ligament

Question 24

classic winging of the scapula when the whole medial border of the scapula lifts away from the chest wall

Answer 24

type II

Question 25

inferior medial border of the scapula is prominent is seen in which type of scapular dyskinesia?

Answer 25

type I

Question 26

superior border of the scapula is elevated at rest and during movement is seen in which type of scapular dyskinesia?

Answer 26

type III

Question 27

both scapulae are symmetrical at rest and during motion, rotate symmetrically upward with the inferior angles rotating laterally away from midline (rotary winging)

Answer 27

type IV

Question 28

developmental condition leading to a high or undescended scapula

Answer 28

Sprengel's deformity

Question 29

the GH joint has ___ degrees of freedom and the closed packed position is ___ & ___?

Answer 29

3: abduction & external rotation

Question 30

the elbow joint has ___ degrees of freedom and the closed packed position is ___ ?

Answer 30

2: extension

Question 31

what is the normal carrying angle of the elbow in females?

Answer 31

10-15º

Question 32

what is the normal carrying angle of the elbow in males?

Answer 32

5-10º

Question 33

if the carrying angle is more than 15º it is called...

Answer 33

cubitus valgus

Question 34

which 2 carpal bones articulate with the distal aspect of the radius?

Answer 34

lunate & scaphoid

Question 35

list the 3 stages of adhesive capsulitis in order

Answer 35

painful, stiffening, resolution freezing, frozen, thawing

Question 36

acute adhesive capsulitis

Answer 36

diffuse pain, inflammation

Question 37

subacute adhesive capsulitis

Answer 37

severe pain starts to diminish, stiffness becomes primary complaint

Question 38

chronic stage adhesive capsulitis

Answer 38

pain localized to lateral arm & continues to diminish, motion & function gradually return

Question 39

T/F - the scapulothoracic rhythm should be a 2:1 ratio of movement of the humerus to the scapula

Answer 39

TRUE

Question 40

muscles innervated by the musculocutaneous nerve

Answer 40

brachialis biceps brachii coracobrachialis

Question 41

which muscle is not innervated by the radial nerve? -triceps brachii -anconeus -brachioradialis -pronator teres

Answer 41

pronator teres (median nerve)

Question 42

which two nerves innervate the flexor digitorum profundus?

Answer 42

median & ulnar

Question 43

the 1st and 2nd lumbricals are innervated by which nerve?

Answer 43

median nerve

Question 44

during a FOOSH injury, which carpal bone is most likely to fracture?

Answer 44

scaphoid

Question 45

during a FOOSH injury, which carpal bone is most likely to dislocate?

Answer 45

lunate

Question 46

the hook of the hamate and the pisiform create which tunnel?

Answer 46

tunnel of Guyon *ulnar nerve

Question 47

the hook of the hamate, the pisiform, scaphoid tubercle and trapezium create which tunnel?

Answer 47

carpal tunnel *median nerve

Question 48

T/F - the tendon of the flexor pollicis brevis travels through the carpal tunnel?

Answer 48

FALSE median nerve -4 tendons of flexor digitorum superficialis -4 tendons of flexor digitorum profundus -flexor pollicis longus

Question 49

carpal tunnel syndrome can also be mistaken for...

Answer 49

pronator teres syndrome (compression of median nerve)

Question 50

-palmar fascia becomes thickened & nodular -most frequently affects 4th & 5th digit -causes flexion deformity of fingers

Answer 50

dupuytren's contracture

Question 51

fracture of the distal radius proximal to the radiocarpal joint with dorsal displacement is called...

Answer 51

Colle's

Question 52

fracture of the wrist involving a break of the radial shaft and a dislocation of the inferior radioulnar joint

Answer 52

Galeazzi

Question 53

fracture of the distal fibula and/or tibia, affects one or both malleoli

Answer 53

Pott's

Question 54

fibula fractures higher up, medial malleolus avulses & talus is pushed superiorly between tibia & fibula

Answer 54

Dupuytren's

Question 55

minor stretch and tear with no instability describes which grade of ligament sprain?

Answer 55

grade 1

Question 56

complete rupture of ligament, patient unable to continue with activity describes which grade of sprain?

Answer 56

grade 3

Question 57

tearing of fibres, snapping sound, patient has difficulty continuing with activity describes which grade of sprain?

Answer 57

grade 2

Question 58

a glenoid labrum tear with involvement of the long head of Biceps brachii is called...

Answer 58

SLAP lesion

Question 59

injury to the anteroinferior aspect of the glenoid labral complex is called...

Answer 59

Bankart lesion

Question 60

which deformity presents with extension of the MCP and DIP joint and flexion of the PIP joint?

Answer 60

Boutonniere deformity

Question 61

which deformity presents with flexion of the DIP joint?

Answer 61

Mallet finger

Question 62

which deformity presents with extension of the MCP and flexion of the IP joints with wasting of the hypothenar muscles?

Answer 62

Bishop's hand

Question 63

which deformity involves wasting of the thenar eminence of the hand?

Answer 63

Ape hand

Question 64

which tendons form the anatomical snuff box?

Answer 64

extensor pollicis longus extensor pollicis brevis abductor pollicis longus (structures affected in Dequervain's tenosynovitis)

Question 65

T/F - Abductor pollicis longus and Extensor pollicis brevis are the structures affected with DeQuervain's Tenosynovitis

Answer 65

TRUE

Question 66

how do you isolate testing Extensor carpi radialis brevis from Extensor carpi radialis longus?

Answer 66

elbow flexion

Question 67

which special test is performed to determine a decrease in blood flow to the hand?

Answer 67

Allen's

Question 68

which special test is performed when your patient makes a fist with their thumb inside their fingers?

Answer 68

Finkelstein's

Question 69

special test used to test for lunate dislocation

Answer 69

Murphy's sign (patient makes fist to asses metacarpal heads)

Question 70

special test used to test for instability of the distal radioulnar joint

Answer 70

piano keys test

Question 71

special test used to test for ruptured FDP tendon

Answer 71

sweater finger sign (make fist, distal phalanx of one finger does not flex)

Question 72

which special test is performed to assess for biceps tendinitis?

Answer 72

Speed's

Question 73

which special test is performed to assess for inferior and multidirectional instability of the shoulder?

Answer 73

Feagin

Question 74

which special test is performed to assess for a Supraspinatus tendon or muscle tear?

Answer 74

empty can

Question 75

which special test is performed to assess for fraying of a rotator cuff muscle?

Answer 75

abrasion

Question 76

which special test is performed to assess for a Subscapularis muscle lesion?

Answer 76

lift off

Question 77

which special test is performed to assess for compression of the median nerve in the carpal tunnel?

Answer 77

Phalen's

Question 78

which special test is performed to assess for an overuse injury to the Supraspinatus muscle?

Answer 78

Hawkin's Kennedy

Question 79

which special test is performed to assess for an overuse injury to the Common Extensor Tendon?

Answer 79

Cozen's

Question 80

which special test is performed to asses anterior instability at the shoulder?

Answer 80

rockwood

Question 81

which special test is performed to assess posterior instability at the shoulder?

Answer 81

push-pull

Question 82

3 special tests used for lateral epicondylitis

Answer 82

Cozens, Mills, Maudsleys

Question 83

special test used to determine if cubital tunnel syndrome is present

Answer 83

elbow flexion test