Midterm Flashcards
(127 cards)
1
Q
OSI Physical Layer
A
Layer 1. Electrical and mechanical definition of the physical system (cabling & connection)
2
Q
OSI Data-Link Layer
A
Layer 2. Framing & error correction format of data
3
Q
OSI Network Layer
A
Layer 3. Optimum routing of messages from on network to another
4
Q
OSI Transport Layer
A
Layer 4. Channel for transfer of messages from one application process to another
5
Q
OSI Session Layer
A
Layer 5. Organization and synchronization of the data exchange
6
Q
OSI Presentation Layer
A
Layer 6. Data format encryption or representation
7
Q
OSI Application Layer
A
Layer 7. file transfer/message exchange
8
Q
TCP/IP Application Layer
A
Layer 4. Contains application, presentation & session layer of OSI
9
Q
TCP/IP Transport Layer
A
Layer 3. Same as OSI
10
Q
TCP/IP Network (Internet) Layer
A
Layer 2. Same as OSI
11
Q
TCP/IP Subnetwork Layer
A
Layer 1. Contains data-link and physical layer of OSI
12
Q
LAN Components Respective Layers - Hubs, repeaters, transceivers
A
OSI Layer 1 (Physical) - TCP/IP Layer 1 (Subnetwork)
13
Q
LAN Components Respective Layers - Switches and bridges
A
OSI Layer 2 (Datalink) - TCP/IP Layer 1 (Subnetwork)
14
Q
Lan Components Respective Layers - Router
A
OSI Layer 3 (Network) - TCP/IP Layer 2 (Internet/Network)
15
Q
Lan Components Respective Layers - Gateway
A
OSI Layer 7 (Application) - TCP/IP Layer 4 (Application)
16
Q
Lan Components Definitions/Uses - Repeater
A
Increase length and number of new devices that can be connected. “Signal Amplifier”
17
Q
Lan Components Definitions/Uses - Hub
A
Increase length and number of devices by adding several segments. 1 device per segment. “Star Topology”
18
Q
Lan Components Definitions/Uses - Transciever
A
Adapt different types of physical media. “Signal Converter”
19
Q
Lan Components Definitions/Uses - Switch
A
Increased length and number of devices by adding several segments. When message is received, receiver address is analyzed and send “Star topology”. Switches also separate collision domains and optimize network communications as a results
20
Q
Lan Components Definitions/Uses - Bridge
A
Connects two networks using same application layer but different lower layers.
21
Q
Lan Components Definitions/Uses - Router
A
Routes info between networks using the same application layer.
22
Q
Lan Components Definitions/Uses - Gateway
A
Connect two different networks of completely different types.
23
Q
First Octet - Class A
A
0-126
24
Q
First Octet - Class B
A
128-191
25
First Octet - Class C
192-223
26
Default IPV4 subnet - Class A
255.0.0.0
27
Default IPV4 subnet - Class B
255.255.0.0
28
Default IPV4 subnet - Class C
255.255.255.0
29
Domain
Greater than 10 computer on a network: DNS Authentication server allows for one entry to get to all computers
30
Work Group
Less than 10 computers on a network: all 9 computers must be accessed one by one for an entry
31
Straight Through RJ45
(10BaseT) DTE to DCE - EIA/TIA 568A to EIA/TIA 568A or EIA/TIA 568B to EIA/TIA 568B
32
Cross Over RJ45
(10BaseT) DTE to DTE - EIA/TIA 568A to EIA/TIA 568B
33
568A Important Numberings and Colors
1,2,3,6 - white/green, green, white/orange, orange (both oranges and greens switch for B)
34
568B Important numberings and Colors
1,2,3,6 - white/orange, orange, white/green, green (both oranges and greens switch for A)
35
Network Topologies - TREE
Used by domains
36
Network Topologies - GRID
Used by interweb
37
Network Topologies - MESH
Used by Wireless HART
38
Network Topologies - Point to Point
Used by RS-232
39
Network Topologies - BUS
Used by RS-485
40
Network Topologies - Token Ring
Used by SCADA
41
Network Arbitration Methods - CSMA/CD
(ASYNCHRONUS) If 2 transmissions occur at the same time, collision is detected, transmissions stop. After random time, transmission is once again attempted.
42
Network Arbitration Methods - CSMA/CA
(ASYNCHRONUS) Listen before transmission. Wait for clear channel. Uses random backoff times.
43
Network Arbitration Methods - Master/Slave
(ASYNCHRONUS) Central master controls communication, grants permission for slaves to transmit.
44
Network Arbitration Methods - Token Passing
(DETERMINISTIC) Device can only transmit when it has the token
45
Network Arbitration Methods - Time Division Multiplexing
(DETERMINISTIC/SYNCHRONUS) Each device transmits in turn based off of time
46
TCP/IP DOS Utilities - PING
Establishes whether a known computer is powered on and communicating on a network
47
TCP/IP DOS Utilities - IPCONFIG
Response is own computers IP addresses of all NIC cards/adapters
48
TCP/IP DOS Utilities - IPCONFIG /ALL
Response is own computers IP address and MAC addresses of all NIC cards/adapters and DNS server IP address and subnet mask settings
49
TCP/IP DOS Utilities - ARP -A
Queries all connected switches, requesting their respective IP to MAC address tables of all connected switches
50
IntERnet
A worldwide system of linked networks
51
IntRAnet
Private networking using internet type tools
52
LAN
Local Area Network
53
WAN
Wide Area Network - combines multiple LANs that are geographically separate - Internet
54
MAN
Metropolitan Area Network - Large than LAN smaller than WAN
55
Doman Name Service
'Phonebook' of the internet - Translates URLs into IPs - example 'GoDaddy'
56
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)
'Lease' or assigns IP address to your computer (NIC). from your internet service provider. As opposed to industrial control system which typically use static IP addresses
57
Physical Layer - 10Base2
?Impedance
?AKA
?Segment Max
?Cable type
50 ohm impedance
Thin net
185m segment max
Coaxial Cable
58
Physical Layer - 10Base5
?Impedance
?AKA
?Segment Max
?Cable type
50 ohm impedance
Thick net
500m segment max
Coaxial cable
59
Physical Layer - 10BaseFL
?mode
?Segment Max
?direction
?bandwidth
?diameter
Single Mode Fiber Optic
10,000m segment max
unidirectional
fastest bandwidth
10 micro diameter
Uses, ST, SC, LC fiber connectors
60
Physical Layer - 10BaseF
?mode
?Segment Max
?direction
?diameter
Multi Mode Fiber Optic
2,000m segment max
Bidirectional
62.5 micro diameter legacy and 50 micro diameter contemporary
Uses, ST, SC, LC fiber connectors
61
Physical Layer - 10BaseT
?Duplex
?Type
1. cables and connectors
2. cable varieties
3. Max Segment
Twisted pair, full duplex
1. RJ45 568A and 568B
2. CAT 5, 5E, 6, 6A
3. 100m max segment
62
Computer Ports - What are they?
Logical entrances and exits of your computer
Specific and registered to protocol types
Maintained by Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA)
63
Computer Ports - File Transfer Protocol (FTP) Hint: 2
Port 20 (Data)
Port 21 (Command)
64
Computer Ports - Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)
Port 25 (Outgoing Mail)
65
Computer Ports - Protocol Version 3 (POP3)
Port 110 (Incoming Mail)
66
Computer Ports - Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
Port 80 (WWW Browser) (Porn)
67
Computer Ports - Network Time Protocol (NTP)
Port 123 (Synchronizes all nodes participating on a network)
68
Computer Ports - Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)
Port 161 (Used by IT to system patch or other maitenance)
69
Computer Ports - Modbus TCP
Port 502 (Ethernet variation of Modbus RTU)
70
Computer Ports - Ethernet IP
Port 44818 (Ethernet variation of DeviceNet)
71
What is a computer socket?
Combination of IP address and Port
Example: 192.44.221.123:502
72
Asynchronous Arbitration
Random and/or event driven. Synchronous would be deterministic.
73
OSI STACK LAYERS ORDER ACROYNYM
A P S T N D P
74
When was Profibus developed?
Profibus is the result of a joint project started in 1980's by Bosch, Klöckner-Möller and Siemens. This joint project subsequently involved a total of 13 companies and 5 universities.
75
(Profibus) What is Profibus?
Profibus is a field bus standard that contains a set of protocols (located in three levels of the OSI model) that make possible communication between PLCs and distributed I/O modules, HMIs, drives, etc.
76
(Profibus) What does Profibus DP/PA stand for
PROFIBUS-DP for Decentral Periphery, and PROFIBUS-PA for Process Automation
77
(Profibus) What is Profibus used for?
PROFIBUS DP is the profile for discrete (or factory) automation. An identical protocol, profiled as PROFIBUS PA, is used for process automation.
78
(Profibus) Is Profibus an open source or proprietary protocol?
Profibus is open source!!
79
(MODBUS) Name two MODBUS serial transmission modes.
ASCII Mode and RTU Mode
80
(MODBUS) Which OSI model layers are omitted when using EIA/TIA-232 or EIA/TIA-485 with MODBUS?
Layers 6 down to 3.
81
(MODBUS) Why is there no source address in a MODBUS message frame?
the source of a message is always the master.
82
(MODBUS) When are terminating resistors required on a MODBUS chain and what should the value of this resistor be?
Terminating resistors of 120Ω are required at both ends of a EIA/TIA-485 chain
83
(MODBUS) True of false: A hub extends the length of a EIA/TIA-232 chain.
False!!
84
(HART) What is the purpose of the preamble portion of the HART telegram structure?
To wake the devices up, or prepare them for an upcoming master's communication
85
(HART) What are the frequencies assigned to the binary values 1 and 0 according to HART protocol?
1200Hz and 2200Hz respectively
86
(HART) Does HART use a parity bit, why or why not?
Yes, for transmission error checking, to check the validity of the message sent to either master or slave.
87
(HART) What communication speed, Baud rate, does HART utilize?
1200 Baud
88
(HART) How many masters can appear on a HART loop, and why?
2 masters are allowed on a HART loop, one for the DCS system(primary), and a HART handheld communicator(secondary), used by a device technician.
89
(FIELDBUS) What is the purpose of the Power conditioner versus the Power supply?
The purpose of the Power conditioner, is to allow the AC frequency modulated, mancester encoding data bits to appear on the DC powered network. A normal power supply, would defeat any AC frequency.
90
(FIELDBUS) How many nodes can be connected on each populated segment of an FF H1 network?
32 self powered nodes on a populated section.
91
(FIELDBUS) What is the maximum data rate in order to ensure intrinsic safety?
31.25 kbytes
92
(FIELDBUS) What layer is defined specifically for the Foundation Fieldbus model and not the OSI model?
User application layer which contains different device descriptions and therefore function blocks. This provides guidelines for how the fieldbus device applications shall be designed and implemented to ensure interoperability.
93
(FIELDBUS) Why are the intermediate layers (layers 3-6) not needed when using FF?
The intermediate layers are usually associated with non-time critical and general purpose applications (such as routing and forwarding), which are not needed in LAN (such as Foundation Fieldbus) and have therefore been removed from the FF architecture.
94
(DeviceNet) An Advantage of DeviceNet would be to lower installation costs by lowering the amount of wiring needed for the network ...True or False?
True
95
(DeviceNet) DeviceNet networks allow a plug and play type of system which is just like interchangeability amount devices. True or False
True
96
(DeviceNet) Devicenet cannot exceed how many devices on one network
34
32
64
48
64
97
(DeviceNet) The use of plug and play connections will help against.
Short circuits and inversion of connections
98
(DeviceNet) What are the 3 serial communication speeds to DeviceNet?
125 Kbps, 250 Kbps, 500 Kbps
the distances: 500m, 250m, and 125m
99
ISA
International Society of Automation
100
IEC
International Electrotechnical Commission
101
OPC
OLE for Process Control
102
OLE
Object Linking and Embedding
103
EAM
Enterprise Asset Management
104
HTML
Hypertext Markup Language
105
XML
Extensible Markup Language
106
HMI
Human Machine Interface
107
Technical Office Protocol
Choose matching term
1 MIDDLE
2 BOTTOM
3 BACK
4 TOP
TOP
108
CSMA/CD
Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Detection
109
CSMA/CA
Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance
110
GSM
Global System for Mobile Communication
111
ERP
Enterprise Resourcing Planning
112
CIP
Common Industrial Protocol
113
MAP
Manufacturing Automation Protocol
114
TCP/IP
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
115
MAC
Media Access Control
116
LLC
Logical Link Control
117
PCS
Process Control System
118
TSMP
Time Synchronized Mesh Protocol
119
ACK
Acknowledged
120
NACK
Not Acknowledged
121
UTP
Unshielded Twisted Pair
122
STP
Shielded Twisted Pair
123
TDMA
Time Division Multiple Access
124
TSMP
Time-Synchronized Mesh Protocol
125
PA
Process Automation
126
SIS
Safety Instrument System
127
DHCP
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
