Midterm #2 Flashcards

Question

naturalistic def person and job

Answer 1

gardner ability to understand patterns and processes in nature -biologist, naturalist, ecologist, farmer

Answer 2

gardner ability to understand religious and spiritual ideals - philospher, religious scholars

Answer 3

robert sternberg | made up of three interacting components: internal, external, and experiential

Answer 4

sternberg (analytic) this component of intelligence relates to the internal processing of intfo/ aquiring info, planning, monitoring and evaluating problems or carrying out directions. This is the ort of intelligence that is needed for striaghtforward tasks and problems confronted with at work or school.

Answer 5

sternberg (creative) some tasks require a special way of thinking. a mroe creative way of thinking which also relates to the internal part of thinking. Ex making it through cutoms at an airport that you do not speak their langauge.

Answer 6

sternberg (practical) helps us adapt to our enviroment and improve it. ex: you just moved to a new town and you find that you cant sleep at night because the hood is noisy. First you move to a diff bedroom, then you try to soundproof the room. if that doesnt work you move to a new house.

Answer 7

tacit knowledge "action-orientated knowledge, acquired from others, not through direct help. which allows people to achieve their goals."

Answer 8

Stephan ceci | intelligence is potential abilities, environent anf internal motivation interacting

Answer 9

1. a persons innate abilites develop based on how they interact with enviromental resources (acess to a comp for school success, etc) 2. ppl could be internally motivated to fulfill their innate abilities and take advantage of their particular enviroments

Answer 10

defines intelligence that attempts to measure intelligence with carefully constructed psychological tests

Answer 11

1. a test must function the same in different groups of people 2. similar iteams on a test must relate both to one another and to the material of interest STANDARDIZATION, RELIABILITY, VALIDITY

Answer 12

a test is reliable when it consistently produces similar scores for the same test-takers over time. (getting the same IQ result in 20, 30 and 40s) - test-retest reliability (administering test once then once again and getting the same score) - split-half reliability ( divide iteams on a single test into two halves to see if the scores correlate highly)

Answer 13

the higher the statistical correlation, the greater the reliabiility. the scores can vary from +-1.00. a +1.00 score means that the test is highly reliable

Answer 14

the degree to which a test produces the same scores over time

Answer 15

the xtent to which a test accurately measures or predicts what is it suppose to be predicting or measuring

Answer 16

the degree to which the content of a test accurately represents what the rest is intended to measure

Answer 17

correlating test scores with an external criterion that we have some confidence in- a correlation called validity coefficient

Answer 18

a correlation coefficient that measures validity by correlating a test score with some external criterion

Answer 19

the extent to which scores on a particular test successfully predict future performance on a measure related to the test

Answer 20

for a score to have emaning, it must be measured against those who have already taken the test

Answer 21

the use of uniform procedures in administering and scoring a test

Answer 22

a symmetical, bell-shaped distribution in whoch most scores are in the middle, with similar groups of equal size at either end

Answer 23

it indicates the populations central tendencies it is the score exactly in the middle of distribution

Answer 24

the average score in a distribution

Answer 25

the score that occurs most frequently in a distribution

Answer 26

Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon. they made it to see how prepared kids were for school nad to separate those with learning disabilities

Answer 27

the intellectual age at which a person is functioning as opposed to chronological age Binet

Answer 28

galton he believed that two quallities distinguished more gifted from less gifted people : a kind of psychic energy and a heightened sensitivity to external stimuli - more energy can perform more work, and in turn develop greater intelligence. those with developed senses can take in more info

Answer 29

better fit for USA kids. LEWIS TERMAN adapted the binet-simon IQ test. the age norms did not apply to american school system, therefore they found an important influence of culture in intelligence testing. the famous IQ was devised

Answer 30

terman | he calculated the ratio of mental age to chronological age and multiplied that ratio by 100 (the IQ quiotent)_

Answer 31

he wanted to make it universally fit to weed out those who are not fit to reproduce. He said those who come from culturally rich and successful parents are going to successful themselves, because of heredity

Answer 32

saw 2 things wrong witht he stanford-binet test 1. distinction between mental and chronological age not informative when testing adults 2. greater fairness when testing those not speaking english as first language

Answer 33

different versions of his tests continue to be published by his associates

Answer 34

four scales - verbal comphrehesion - working memory - perceptual reasoning - processing speed

Answer 35

intelligence quotient

Answer 36

correlate to some degree with better health throughout life, greater independence during old age and a longer lifespan

Answer 37

involves dynamic problem-solving abilities independant of previously acquired knowledge. EX is winning at video games

Answer 38

requires an understadning of cultural values and existing knowledge of a subject or the world in general

Answer 39

- learning experiences and opportunitoes more common in the middle-class setting. - everytime a picture of a person waws used during te test, it was a whtie person

Answer 40

attempts to avoid putting one culture at a complete disadvantage. they do this by emphasizing abstract, non-verbal skills

Answer 41

idea that a person will do bad bc it may correlate to a stereotype associated with the group

Answer 42

an observed rise in IQ scores throughout the world over time

Answer 43

ability to percieve, express and assimilate emotion and to regulate emotion in the self and others

Answer 44

ability to produce ideas that are original and valuable

Answer 45

1. intrinsic motivation (the internal drive to create) 2. imagination ( ability and willingness to reexamine problems in new ways 3. game personality (tolerating risk and failure) others: complex thinking, broad attention, expertise in relevant fields, broad interests, high energy, independence, self-confidence, divergent thinking

Answer 46

richard herrnstein charles murray published book with many controversial topics - conventional iq tests accurately measure IQ - IQ predicts success and life - ppl high IQ form cognitive elite - IQ tests should be used as a gating mechanism, to give those with high IQ opportunities - IQ hugely heritable - clear racial diff - genetic factors due to racial diff

Answer 47

the overall extent to which differences amon people are attributed to genes. how found out intelligence heritability is about 50%

Answer 48

ranging 0.00 to +1.00 | corre;ation coefficient used to indicate the contribution of heredity to some characteristic such as intelligence

Answer 49

bright individuals show lower brain activity than less bright individuals during ests of low to moderate cognitive difficulty

Answer 50

partial and frontal lobes are key for understanding intelligence. the arcuate fasciculus that connects those lobes

Answer 51

of neural states, or neural configurations a brain can access during a task

Midterm #2 Flashcards

(75 cards)