Midterm 2 Flashcards

Question

Relative Poverty

Answer 1

An inability to secure an average standard of living . Considered deprived relative to others Ex. LICO (low income cut off point)

Answer 2

- Delayed vocabulary development - poor health and hygiene - Poor nutrition - Absenteeism and low scholastic achievement - behaviour and mental problems - low housing standards - greater likelihood of being poor in adulthood

Answer 3

Single parent families, 18-25, female, with disabilities, immigration status vs. Race and ethnicity

Answer 4

Economic gain attained by wages, salaries and income transfers from the government

Answer 5

Accumulated assets of goods, such as buildings, land, farms, houses, factories, etc.

Answer 6

Is the difference between all debts and assets

Answer 7

Open (move freely, like economic system in Canada) Closed (Indian caste system)

Answer 8

Ascribed and achieved

Answer 9

You get what you earn not based on wealth or social class, but individual talent

Answer 10

Given at birth and unchanged Ex. Race, sex, skin

Answer 11

Changes throughout life Ex. Social class

Answer 12

Structural functionalism 1. Society is held together by consensus; not conflict 2. Inequality is functional for society 3. Eliminating inequality would be harmful 4. Inequality will continue because it is functional and necessary They believe we live in a meritocracy

Answer 13

- Conflict theory - The social relationships to the means of production refer to peoples position in society (proletariat and bourgeoisie - The proletariat is exploited and experiences alienation - Marx never saw cooperation

Answer 14

- conflict theory - Marx didn’t predict 20th and 21st century capitalism - there are more than two classes in contemporary societies based upon 1. Control of means of production (ceos of corporations) 2. Control the labour of others (managerial class) 3. Purchase the labour of others (consumer) 4. The sale of ones labour (small business owners)

Answer 15

Conflict theory 1. One factor cannot explain social stratification 2. We should take a multidimensional approach to social stratification including class, status, and party 3. Society will be increasingly controlled by bureaucrats 4. Inequality will continue

Answer 16

1. Liberal feminism (makeup/wording of laws in society) 2. Radical feminism (complete restructuring) 3. Socialist feminism (patriarchy and capitalism as a behavioural force) 4. Postmodern feminism (what is gender? How is it constructed? Who makes it? For whom?)

Answer 17

- micro-level concerns - Goffman and deference (how people submit to people of higher status)

Answer 18

Various stratified income groups

Answer 19

Prestige (jobs)

Answer 20

Political powers in general

Answer 21

Capitalist class Managerial class Small-business class (petite bourgeoisie) Working class Lumpen proletariat

Answer 22

Bourgeoisie Proletariat

Answer 23

The amount appropriate by the bourgeoisie

Answer 24

Suggests that as the bourgeoisie obtains more wealth, the proletariat will eventually have in mobley to purchase products, the system collapses

Answer 25

Occurs when we exaggerate oversimplified images of the characteristics of social categories

Answer 26

Unfavourable, generalized, rigid beliefs applied to all members of a group

Answer 27

Practices that deny groups equal access to societal rewards

Answer 28

Prejudice (psychological component) + discrimination (act)

Answer 29

Race is a social contradict, an archived status as much as it is an ascribed status. 1. Racial classifications are arbitrary 2. Genetic differences between groups are small 3. Genetic differences are behaviourally insignificant

Answer 30

Interpersonal - hate - polite - subliminal Institutional - systematic - systemic Cultural - everyday - ideological

Answer 31

W. I. Thomas said “if people define situations as a real, they real in their consequences” - this gives rises to interpersonal racism

Answer 32

- systematic and systemic

Answer 33

Occurs when an institution is discriminating in an intentional way

Answer 34

Occurs when an institution is discriminating in an unintentional way

Answer 35

Consists of everyday racism and ideological racism

Answer 36

Education of prejudice and sanctioning of unwanted behaviour

Answer 37

Through its political and economic power, is able to impose its values, language, and ways of behaving and interpreting behaviour on a given society Vs. Counterculture and subculture

Answer 38

The culture of the elite, a distinct minority. Associated with theatre, opera, ballet, classical musics and serious works of literature Vs. Pop and mass culture

Answer 39

Culture of the majority , particularly those who have no power in society

Answer 40

Pierre bourdieu coined the term cultural capital to refer to the knowledge and skills needed to acquire high culture tastes

Answer 41

People who believe they have very little agency in the culture they consume and produce

Answer 42

A norm so deeply ingrained in our social consciousness that the mere thought or mention of it arouses disgust and revulsion

Answer 43

The intensification and expansion of cultural flows across the globe Americanization of the world

Answer 44

Judging past individuals by todays standards instead of those of their own time

Answer 45

Gramsci All the ways by which the power relations underpinning various form of inequity are produced and reproduced

Answer 46

A social process in which human groups are viewed and judged as essentially different in terms of their intellect, morality, values, and innate worth because of their physical appearance or cultural heritage

Answer 47

Membership in a cultural group that has roots in a particular place in teh world and is associated with distincictgive cultural practices and behaviours Not the same as nationality

Answer 48

Individual, deliberate hate

Answer 49

Microagressions

Answer 50

In unconscious mind — who are your friends with ? — who do you date?

Answer 51

When you use certain words that stem from racism Ex. Black and white - Saphir-Wharf hypothesis

Answer 52

— aspects of Canadian logic that is racist — an ideology in society that impacts in a variety of ways

Answer 53

Van den Berghe — nations or ethnic identities are fixed, natural and ancient

Answer 54

Van den berghe — ethnic grouping is “natural” / encoded — discrimination, prejudice and ethnocentrism are natural and inevitable behaviours — these features of society will likely continue because we cannot eradicate our nature Problems — people will often hurt members of their own racial/ethnic group — people of different groups will often work together in anti-racist campaigns

Answer 55

Frustration-aggression theories Authoritarian personality theory

Answer 56

— prejudice and discrimination are passed down from generation to generation — prejudice and discrimination are socialized into children — functionalism

Answer 57

A. Business/ capitalists B. highly paid (white) labour C. Lower paid (non-white) labour

Answer 58

— group norms dictate fairness — people are inculcated with “success norms” and blame others -— discrimination and the prejudice and stereotyping to rationalize their actions

Answer 59

John porter — class structure of Canadian society — he believed that state polices had created a vertical mosaic; ethnic group were layered vertically with charter group at the top and entrance group below them

Midterm 2 Flashcards

(84 cards)