Midterm 2 Flashcards

terms, molecules, etc (27 cards)

1
Q

Alkane (Hydrocarbon)

A

consists only of carbon and hydrogens

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2
Q

Alkene (Hydrocarbon)

A

contain at least one c=c double bond

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3
Q

Alkyne (Hydrocarbon)

A

contains at least C_=C triple bond

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4
Q

Aromatic Ring

A

ring of atoms with alternating double and triple bonds

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5
Q

Alcohol (All single bonds)

A

draw a OH attached to a carbon

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6
Q

Ether (All single bonds)

A

draw a C-O-C or bonded two carbons

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7
Q

Amine (All single bonds)

A

draw a NH2 bonded to one or more carbons

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8
Q

Haloalkane

A

draw a compound that consists of a alkane with one or more halogen atoms (Bromine, Chlorine, Iodine, Fluorine

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9
Q

Aldehyde (C-X Multiple Bonds)

A

carbonyl C=O where the C is bonded to at least one hydrogen

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10
Q

Ketone (C-X Multiple Bonds)

A

carbonyl C=O where the carbonyl is bonded to two carbons

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11
Q

Carboxylic Acid (C-X Multiple Bonds)

A

carbonyl group (C=O) and a hydroxyl group (–OH) attached to the same carbon atom

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12
Q

Ester (C-X Multiple Bonds)

A

a carbonyl group (C=O) is bonded to an oxygen atom (O), which is further bonded to another carbon atom

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13
Q

Amide (C-X Multiple Bonds)

A

a carbonyl group (C=O) is bonded to a nitrogen atom which can be further bonded to another carbon atom

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14
Q

Nitrile (C-X Multiple Bonds)

A

a cyano group (–C≡N), where a carbon atom is triple-bonded to a nitrogen atom.

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15
Q

Cyclic Alkanes

A

class of hydrocarbons that contain carbon atoms arranged in a ring structure, with each carbon atom bonded to two hydrogen atoms

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16
Q

Primary (1°) Carbon:

A

A primary carbon is attached to one other carbon. This carbon is at the end of a chain or group.

17
Q

Secondary (2°) Carbon:

A

A secondary carbon is attached to two other carbons. It’s typically found in the middle of chains or branching points.

18
Q

Tertiary (3°) Carbon:

A

A tertiary carbon is attached to three other carbons. It is often found in highly branched structures.

19
Q

Quaternary (4°) Carbon:

A

A quaternary carbon is attached to four other carbons. It is typically found at the center of highly branched molecules or in cyclic structures.

20
Q

constitutional isomers

A

compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural formulas.

21
Q

Enantiomer

A

Two compounds with the exact same connectivity, that are mirror images of each other but that are not identical to each other

22
Q

Diastereomers

A

two molecules which are stereoisomers (same molecular formula, same connectivity, different arrangement of atoms in space)

23
Q

Cis & Trans

A

Cis: two atoms in the back
Trans: 1 front, 1 back

24
Q

Chiral

A

Any molecule that is nonsuperimposable (tell apart the differences) on its mirror image is a chiral molecule.

25
Achiral
Any molecule that is superimposable with their mirror images. For example, two pieces of paper are achiral.
26
Meso
A molecule that is meso has two or more chiral centres but, overall, the molecule is achiral because it can be superimposed on its mirror image.
27