Midterm #2 Flashcards
Fraud “id”
represents primitive, instinctual urges
Fraud “ego”
represents the rational, conscious dimension that mediates between the id and the superego
Fraud “superego”
the moral and ethical dimension of personality
Classical Conditioning
behaviour modification in which a subject comes to respond in a particular manner to a previously neutral stimulus that has been repeatedly presented along with an unconditioned stimulus that elicits the desired response
Society of Saints
Even if you have a town full of Saints, you will still have deviance & crime
Behavioural Explanations
psychological theory maintaining that all behaviour is learned through some type of external stimulus (negative or positive)
Henry Maudsley
believed that criminals were “morally degenerate” - lacking in moral development.
He played an instrumental role to laying the legal framework for diminished responsibility as a result of a mental disease
Isaac Ray
wrote extensively on the subject of “morally insanity” and considered it a “disease” never established by single diagnostic symptom
Gusay Aschaffenburg
a German pioneer of psychiatric criminology, argued that were are influenced less by heredity than by our social environment
Churning
stockbroker chiselling repeated, excessive, unnecessary buying/selling of stock
Front running
stock broker chiselling broker places personal orders ahead of large customer orders to profit from effects of the trade
Bucketing
skinning customer trading profits by falsifying trade information
Insider trading
buying/selling securities based on business information gained from position of trust, not available to general public
White collar crime
people, institutions whose acknowledged purpose is profit through legitimate business transactions
Organized crime
people, organizations with acknowledge purpose of profit through illegal business transactions
