Midterm 2

Question 1

Characteristic for arachidonic acid:

Answer 1

omega 6 unsat. FA, has 4 double bonds and 20 carbons.

Question 2

The activity of which enzyme is needed to produce a cofactor for the reaction catalysed by the glutathione reductase?

Answer 2

Glucose-6-P-dehydrogenase

Question 3

Alpha-ketoglutarate is the product of the enzymatic reaction catalysed by enzyme:

Answer 3

L-Glu dehydrogenase

Question 4

The enzymatic reaction catalysed by the enzyme…. takes place in the cytoplasm.

Answer 4

Pyruvate kinase

Question 5

Contains alpha-D-glucose

Answer 5

Starch

Question 6

In the urine of a healthy cat it can be found:

Answer 6

Urea

Question 7

which molecule can be produced in the intenstine of a healthy dog?

Answer 7

Urobilinogen

Question 8

Decarboxylation of which amino acid results in GABA?

Answer 8

Glutamate

Question 9

How much energy is produced in the anaerobe glycolysis of one molecule?

Answer 9

2 mol ATP

Question 10

Which pathway/reaction takes place in the matrix of mitochondrion?

Answer 10

Beta-oxidation of palmatic acid.

Question 11

Ketone bodies can be produced from the following molecule:

Answer 11

Acetyl-Coa

Question 12

Propionyl-CoA carboxylase converts the propionyl-CoA to which molecule?

Answer 12

Metylmalonyl-CoA

Question 13

Energy balance of Beta-oxidation:

Answer 13

129 ATPs net

131

Question 14

How many ATPs = FADH2?

Answer 14

2ATP

Question 15

How many ATPs = NADH?

Answer 15

3ATP

Question 16

Which group does lecithine belong to?

Answer 16

Phosphoglycerides

Question 17

Who need TPP in the citric acid cycle?

Answer 17

pyruvate dehydrogenase and A-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase.

Question 18

Ketone bodies:

Answer 18

Ketone bodies are three water-soluble molecules: acetoacetate, beta-hydroxybutyrate, and the spontaneous breakdown product of acetoacetate, acetone.

Question 19

What are the starting molecule of gluconeogenesis?

Answer 19

Glucose from non-CH sources; glucogenic amino acids, glycerol, lactate, propionate.

Question 20

Anaerobic glucose energy balance :

Answer 20

Glucose: 2 ATP
Glycogen: 3ATP

Question 21

Energy balance of GNG:

Answer 21

Glucose: - 6ATP
Glycogen: -7ATP

Question 22

What do you get by transamination of aspartate?

Answer 22

Oxaloacetate

Question 23

what enzyme do you find in the liver?

Answer 23

UDP-glucuronate transferase (???)

Question 24

what regulates the urea cycle?

Answer 24

carbamoyl phosphate synthetase I

Question 25

What transports Fe2+ on the apical side of enterocytes?

Answer 25

DMT1

Question 26

Which is an uncoupling factor?

Answer 26

Lipid-soluble weak acids, dinitrophenol.

Question 27

which enzyme can be found in the mitochondrial matrix?

Answer 27

HMG-CoA lyase | citrate synthase, iso-citrate dehydrogenase, alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, fumarase, and malate dehydrogenase

Question 28

what can you find in the urine of a chicken?

Answer 28

Uric acid

Question 29

What does not happen in the liver of a healthy horse?

Answer 29

Ketolysis, degradation of ketone bodies.

Question 30

Which cycle produces NADPH?

Answer 30

PPP

Question 31

Which types of energy do you find in the TCA cycle?

Answer 31

GTP, FADH2, NADH2

Question 32

Which molecule can make pyruvate?

Answer 32

Propionate

Question 33

Which of the following enzymes is the regulatory enzyme of the citrate (TCA) cycle?

Answer 33

Isocitrate dehydrogenase

Question 34

How much energy is produced in the beta-oxidation of one mol stearocyl-CoA?

Answer 34

148mol

Question 35

Which molecule can be produced by the transamination of glutamate?

Answer 35

Alpha-ketoglutarate

Question 36

Which of the following molecules is produced by the decarboxylation of 5-OH-Trp?

Answer 36

GABA (gamma-amino butyrate)

Question 37

Which of the following molecules can be found in the urine of pig under physiological conditions?

Answer 37

Allantoin

Question 38

Which of the following enzymes has a role in the synthesis of palmitic acid?

Answer 38

Acetyl transacylase

Question 39

Which of the following pathways does not happen in the liver of a healthy dog?

Answer 39

Degradation of ketone bodies (ketolysis)

Question 40

Which of the following enzymes needs NADH+H+coenzyme to its catalytic function?

Answer 40

Cytochrome P450

Question 41

Which of the following molecules is a ketone body?

Answer 41

Acetoacetate

Question 42

Substrates (startingmolecule) of glucogenesis:

Answer 42

Glycerol

Question 43

Which of the following molecules is produced by the decarboxylation of aspartate?

Answer 43

Beta-alanine

Question 44

How many mol ATP will be produced in the anaerobe glycolysis from one mol glucose?

Answer 44

2mol ATP

Question 45

How much energy is produced in the beta-oxidation of one mol palmitoyl-Coa?

Answer 45

131mol ATP

Question 46

Which of the following enzymes has a role in the synthesis(beta- reduction) of palmitic acid?

Answer 46

1st reductase (beta-ketoacyl- SACP reductase)

Question 47

Which of the following pathways results in cellular NADPH+H+ production?

Answer 47

PPP

Question 48

Substrates (starting molecules) of gluconeogenesis?

Answer 48

Propionate

Question 49

What molecules is the transporter of Fe2+ ions on the basolateral side of the enterocytes?

Answer 49

Ferroportin

Question 50

Which of the following is uncoupling factor?

Answer 50

Thermogenin