Midterm 2 Flashcards
(169 cards)
1
Q
Psycothopy descriptive words
A
Callousness, remorselessness, irresponsibility, and aggressiveness
2
Q
Issues with the DSM-III and DSM-III-R
A
Overemphasizes symptoms related to delinquent and criminal behavior and under emphasizes symptoms related to interpersonal and affective deficits
50-80% of correctional offender and forensic psychiatric patients are diagnosed as having antisocial personality disorder, a finding that appears to make the diagnosis synonymous with serious criminality
The content of antisocial personality disorder are inconsistent with clinical traditions in North America and with contemporary clinical practice in the rest of the world
3
Q
Even after new studies, what is wrong with the DSM-IV
A
No improvement has been made in the content-related validity of the diagnostic criteria for antisocial personality disorder in the DSM-IV
The DSM-IV’s criteria for antisocial personality disorder in their current form were not evaluated in the field trial, nothing is known about their reliability or validity
4
Q
Antisocial personality disorder, one of the major findings
A
ASPD has high rates of comorbidity with many psychiatric disorders, in particular, with substance use and other addictive disorders
5
Q
Among individuals who abuse substances,
A
ASPD May be asssociated with poor treatment outcome and high-risk behavior such as needle sharing, although the evidence is somewhat mixed
6
Q
PCL-R
A
Symptom construct rating scale, designed to be completed by expert evaluators on the basis of a clinical interview and a review of case history information
7
Q
Advantages to the PCL-R compared to the DSM-IV ASPD criteria
A
1) the content of the PCL-R is more consistent with the traditional clinical construct of psychopathy,
2) it yields both dimensional and categorical measures of psychopathy
3) research indicates that the PCL-R has good reliability and validity “state of the art…both clinically and in research use”
8
Q
Innocence project (Guest Lecture)
A
US organization around wrongful conviction. Clients who proclaim innocence for a long time
9
Q
Section 696 (Guest Lecture)
A
Application for a review by minster of justice, submit case and explain how a miscarriage of justie occured
(Some cases take very long and are very painful)
10
Q
In most cases for a defence attorney, you will not go to (Guest Lecture)
A
trial (Court) as its significantly cheaper and less risky
11
Q
NCRD (Guest Lecture)
A
Insanity defence (I thought i was in a video game and murdered fourteen people)
12
Q
Psychopathy, assessed using the PCL-R, was the best single predictor of what?
A
Future violence
13
Q
The psychopathy checklist and PCL-R were originally intended for use with …
A
adult male offender in Canada (However it is also useful in the USA and England, and with male juvenile delinquents and female offenders)
14
Q
Using the PCL-R with noncriminals
A
One study questioned the usefulness of the ASPD diagnoses in individuals with substance abuse disorders
Psychopathy may be more useful than ASPD in understanding substance use (One author argues)
Another study with Stanford and colleagues used the PCL-R in their investigation of impulse control problems in adolescent psychiatric patients.
15
Q
Why is it wrong to use the PCl-R on noncriminals?
A
Several items on the PCL-R are scored n the basis of formal criminal records and are not applicable in the evaluation of noncriminals
16
Q
Individuals with ASPD appear to be …
A
generally hyperesponsive to emotional stimuli, both verbal and nonverbal
17
Q
Description of someone with psychopathy (psychopath)
A
Predators who charm, manipulate, and ruthlessly plows their way through life
- lack in conscience and feelings for others
- selfish
- violate social norms
- no guilt
(Doesn’t feel emotions that most people do)
18
Q
Manie sans delire (started with this guy)
A
Insanity without delusion
Noticed some of his patients were mad or crazy, but wouldn’t have delusions or hallucinations
19
Q
Mask of sanity
A
Hervey Cleckley believed in the consciousness man living under a mask of normality
(Able to put up a front that they were a normal person, but in the core they were monsters)
20
Q
Sociopathic personality disturbance
A
Failure to adhere to societal norms that could harm others (DSM-I)
(Crime was created, people were not born evil but society made them evil)
21
Q
Antisocial personality
A
Grossly selfish, callous, lack of huilt (DSM-II) - list of problematic behaviours
(Anti society view)
22
Q
Antisocial personality disorder
A
(DSM-III and IV) “Basically unsocialized”
Someone engages in crime, impulsive, reckless
23
Q
Psychopathy
A
(PCL) Affective and behavioural components
24
Q
Differences between some common terms
A
Psychopathy: Behavioural and affective components (PCl asses traits, assessed on a continuum)
Antisocial personality disorder: Behavioural components (DSM-5 asses behaviours)(Inability to control impulses, lack of social morals)
Sociopathy: “Anti-society” view, individuals is a product of the environment.
25
Psychopathy Checklist
Dr. Robert Hare developed, Revised in 2003
20 items all together
3-point scale (0, 1, 2) (2/2 = very present)
30/40 is a traditional pure psychopath cut off point
Structured interview then assessment
26
2 factors of the PCL
Affective / interpersonal
Life-style / antisocial
(Factors = over arching components)
27
4 Facets of the PCL
Affective
Interpersonal
Life-Style
Antisocial
28
Affective
Lack of remorse, shallow affect, callousness and lack of empathy
29
Interpersonal
Superficial charm, grandiose sense of self-worth, pathological deception, manipulation
30
Antisocial
Poor behavioural control, early behaviour problems, juvenile delinquency, criminal versatility
31
Life-Style (Life style)
Need for stimulation, parasitic lifestyle, lack of goals, impulsivity, irresponsibility
32
PCL Factor 1
1) Glibness / superficial Charm
2) Grandiose sense of self-worth
3) Pathological lying
4) Conning/manipulative
5) Lack of remorse or guilt
6) Shallow affect
7) Callous/lack of empathy
8) Failure to accept responsibility
33
Glibness / superficial Charm
The individual shows displays of emotion that do not appear genuine, attempts to portray him/herself in a good light and tells unlikely stories, uses technical language wrong, and has engaging conversations and interpersonal behaviour around others.
(Car salesman vibe, tell you what you want to hear)
34
Grandiose sense of self-worth
The individual has an inflated ego, is self-assured and opinionated, exaggerates status and reputation, and displays little concern for the future. The individual also considers the present circumstances to be the result of personal victimization.
(Taps into narcissism components)
35
Components of narcissism
| Clinical personality disorder
```
Grandiose sense of self importance
Fantasies of success, brilliance, beauty, love
Belief in uniqueness only understood by other high-status
Need for admiration
Sense of entitlement
Interpersonally exploitative behaviour
Lack of empathy
Envy of others
arrogant behaviour
```
36
Two types of Narcissism
Vulnerability-sensitivity (VS)
Grandiosity-exhibitionism (GE)
37
Characteristics of Vulnerability-sensitivity
Worrying, defensive, anxious
“Worried how other see them”
38
Characteristics of Grandiosity-exhibitionism
Assertive, proactive, aggressive, outspoken
39
Pathological lying
The individual often fabricates elaborate lies, even though they can be easily checked, lies with ease, is seldom embarrassed when caught lying, has an explanation or excuse for everything. These lies are often motivated by extrinsic gain (such as money) but may also be motivated by an enjoyment derived from lying (“duping delight”).
(Like how make up stories and crap)
40
Conning/manipulative
The individual uses deceit and deception to cheat and manipulate others, uses scams that are motivated by personal gain, has no concern for the effect of the manipulation on others, and is cool, self-assured or brazen when engaging in the manipulation. This manipulation can include criminal (e.g., using bad cheques) and non-criminal activities (e.g., using family members for money).
(White collar offenders, pyramid schemes)
41
Lack of remorse or guilt
The individual has a general lack of concern for negative consequences of actions on others, appears to have no conscience or sense of guilt, does not seem sincere when talking about remorse, and is concerned more with his/her own suffering than that of others (such as their victims).
(Crocodile tears)
42
Shallow affect
The individual does not seem able to experience the normal range of emotions (e.g., from happy to sad), seems unemotional and cold, and acts in ways that are inconsistent with displayed emotions. Emotions that are displayed appear insincere and are dramatic, shallow and short-lived.
43
Callous/lack of empathy
The individual has an insensitive and cruel disregard for the feelings, rights, and welfare of others, leading the individual to be cynical and selfish. Others are seen as objects to be manipulated, and appreciation of the suffering of others is merely abstract.
(Don’t volunteer, don’t sense suffering m)
44
Failure to accept responsibility for own actions
The individual rationalizes and excuses deviant behaviour by placing the blame on victims or circumstance, denying accusations, and greatly minimizes or denies the consequences of harmful behaviour (e.g., suggesting that victims are exaggerating injuries).
(Victims deserves it, minimization)
45
Factor 2
1) Need for stimulation
2) Parasitic lifestyle
3) Poor behavioural controls
4) Early behavioural problems
5) Lack of realistic, long-term goals
6) Impulsivity
7) Irresponsibility
8) Juvenile Delinquency
9) Revocation of conditional release
46
Need for stimulation/proneness to boredom
The individual has a chronic and excessive need for novel and exciting stimulation, engages in risk-taking behaviour, may try and use many types of drugs, complains that school and/or work are boring, and is unwilling to work at the same job for a significant length of time.
(Board with aspects of life)
47
Parasitic lifestyle
The individual is intentionally financially dependent on others, continually relying on family and friends for financial aid. By presenting as helpless or using threats and coercion, the individual successfully exploits victims’ weaknesses and avoids having to seek gainful employment.
48
Poor behavioural controls
The individual can be described as short-tempered and easily becomes angry and aggressive, often responding to frustration and criticism with violent behaviour or verbal abuse. Behaviour seems inappropriate given the context, and the inappropriate behaviour is often short-lived.
49
Early behavioural problems.
Before the age of 12, the individual had serious conduct problems, including persistent lying, cheating, theft, robbery, fire-setting, truancy, disruption of classroom activities, substance abuse (including alcohol and glue sniffing), vandalism, violence, bullying, running away from home, and precocious sexual activities. These behaviours were more serious than those experienced by most children and may have resulted in complaints, suspension from school, or contact with the police.
50
Lack of realistic, long-term goals
The individual demonstrates an inability or unwillingness to formulate and carry out realistic long-term plans, lives day to day and changes plans frequently. If specific goals are mentioned, they are unrealistic.
51
Impulsivity
The individual acts in ways that lack reflection or forethought, failing to consider the consequences of actions. Often breaking off relationships, quitting jobs and moving frequently without informing others, this individual has an overall impulsive lifestyle.
52
Irresponsibility
The individual has little or no sense of responsibility, routinely fails to fulfill obligations and commitments to others, has no sense of loyalty or duty including to family and friends. This mentality may cause unnecessary hardship to others, and lead to poor business relations.
53
Juvenile Delinquency
Before the age of 17, the individual has a history of serious antisocial behaviour, including charges and convictions for criminal and statutory offenses. This item is scored differently from the other items, and is defined objectively by the number and type of formal contacts with the criminal justice system. A 2 is warranted for a history of serious offences (from murder to major theft), 1 for a history of minor offences (from possession of drugs to causing a disturbance), and a 0 for no history of arrest.
54
Revocation of conditional release
As an adult, the individual violated a conditional release or escaped form a correctional institution, including technical (noncriminal) breaches. Again, this scoring is different from previous items; a 2 is assigned for major violations (e.g., revocation of parole), 1 for minor violations (failure to appear in court), and 0 for no violations.
55
Criminal versatility
The individual has an adult criminal record involving charges or convictions for many different types of offenses. Again, the scoring is different from other items. A 2 is assigned if the individual has committed six or more types of offenses, 1 for four or five types of offenses, and 0 for three or fewer types of offenses.
56
Rogue items
Promiscuous sexual behaviour
| Many short-term marital relationships
57
Promiscuous sexual behaviour
The individual seeks casual or impersonal sexual relations with others, frequently has one-night stands, may maintain several sexual relationships at the same time, and is willing to engage in a wide variety of sexual activities with a wide variety of partners. Unwilling sexual partners may be persuaded into sexual acts with the individual by using force or threats.
58
Many short-term marital relationships
The individual has multiple relationships that involve some degree of commitment from one or both partners, including formal and common-law marriages. Scoring is different from previous items; for those under age 30, a 2 is warranted for three or more relationships, 1 for two relationships, and 0 for one or none. For those over age 30, a 2 is warranted for four or more relationships, a 1 for three relationships, and 0 for two or less.
59
Neumann and Hare (these are researchers)
Psychopathy is associated with antisociality
60
Skeem and Cooke (researchers)
Psychopathy is associated with criminality
61
Lilienfeld and Andrews (researches)
Psychopaths can be "Successful"
62
Crimes associated with psychopathy
More violent and nonviolent crimes into their late 40's
More severe sexual violence
More instrumental homicide
2.5 times more likely to get parole
(Factor 2 diminishes as you get older)
(Instrumental = planned, premeditated attacks)
63
Psychopathy affects __% of the population/ __% of males inmates in North America. Associated with males, drug dependence, antisocial personality disorder, violence
1%
| 20%
64
Behavioural correlates to psychopathy
Reduced startle potentiation
Reduced autonomic responses to aversive images (less HR)
Reduced affective responses to other's emotions
Atypical moral processing
Poor decision-making during gambling tasks
65
Psychopathology vs psychopathy
Psychopathology: illness of the mind
Psychopathy:personality disorder construct (associated with criminal offenders)
66
Successful psychopaths
Score highly on factor 1 but low on factor 2
67
PCL-R Interview
Interview helps gain history, see interpersonal style, compare consistencies in report, and obtain further information
(Are they being glib, are they being conning, manipulative, fake, showing remorse)
68
PCL-R collateral information
Collateral helps evaluate the credibility of the individual, determine consistencies in interpersonal style, and provide primary data for scoring the file
69
Which should you do first for a PCL-R, read file or do an interview
That suggest you read file than do interview
70
PCL-R, how does it score
By either a 2, 1, or 0
71
PCL-R: 2
The item applies to the individual; a reasonably good match in most essential respects; behaviour is generally consistent with the flavour and intent of the item
72
PCL-R: 1
The item applies to a certain extent but not to the degree required for a 2; a match in some respects, but too many exceptions or doubts to warrant a score of 2; uncertain about if the item applies; conflicts between interview and file that cannot be resolved
73
PCL-R: 0
The item does not apply to the individual, does not exhibit trait or behaviour in question, opposite behaviours
74
Halo effect
Basing each item score on a global impression of the individual, perhaps influenced by the nature of the offense
The tenedncy for a intervwer to make gneralizations from a single trait to the entire personality
75
Nice - or - bad guy
Rating all items low or high
| It’s either a positive impression or negative impression
76
Common biases for PCL-R ratings
Halo effect
Nice - or - bad guy
77
How to avoid PCL-R biases
Rate all items independently. Review evidence for and against a high score. Avoid resolving difficulties in the same directions. Total score of 0 is virtually impossible
78
Primary psychopathy
Heritable with an affective deficit
Genetic condition, “pure psychopath”, born with it
Have more pronounced traits of emotional detachment
79
Secondary psychopathy
Environmentally acquired and reflects an affective disturbance
(You do have the capability for emotional reasoning)
Secondary psychopaths hostile, callous behavior can be understood as an emotional adaptation and is therefore more treatable
Typically is associated with anxiety, hostility, impulsivity, and social deviance
80
The dark triad
Concept of personality traits that are antisocial. This can be used on non criminal people
81
3 components of the Dark Triad
Psychopathy
Narcissism
Machiavellianism
82
The dark triad 3 components explained / defined
Psychopathy: impulsivity, thrill-seeking, low empathy
Narcissism: Grandiosity, entitlement, dominance, superiority
Machiavellianism: manipulative personality
83
The dark triad and personality
Socially malevolent character, behavioral tendencies towards self-promotion, emotions coldness, duplicity, aggressiveness
Triad associated with low agreeableness
Narcissism and psychopathy associated with extraversion and openness
Machiavellianism and psychopathy associated with low conscientiousness (don’t care what they’re doing)
84
FMRI
Measures brain anxiety in response to experimental tasks demands, non-invasive
Detects changes in the blood oxygenation and flow that occur in response to neural activity
Measures the alterations in local magnetic properties of blood (hemoglobin in blood is diamagnetic when oxygenated)
Brain oxygenation level dependent (BOLD)
85
fMRI psychopathy study findings
Psychopaths had no difference between emotional conditions where as for non psychopaths there were differences for emotional memory and neutral memory
___________________
Atypical function in cortical prefrontal and temporal regions to subcortical regions (amygdala)
Wide range of tasks involving emotional, morality, and economical decision making
Rescued response in regions associated with affective processing and increased activity in regions associated with cognitive control during processing of emotional and salient stimuli
86
Psychopathy is associated with a lack of processing in emotional regions in the prefrontal, temporal, and subcortical regions of the amygdala
Know this
87
Community and self report samples
High levels of psychopathic traits had less activation in the inferior frontal gyrus, medial prefrontal cortex, and amygdala
Greater activation in the primary visual cortex
88
Bill C-14
Amending the mental disorder provisions of the Criminal Code and the national defence Act, specifically those provisions relating to people found not criminally responsible on account of mental disorder (NCRMD)
89
Changes in Bill C-14 (or maybe Bill C-54)
The introduction of a new high risk accused category, which, when imposed by a court after a finding of NCRMD , limits that persons access to community treatment supports and a review board’s discharge options
90
The verdict of NCRMD is actually quite _______
Rare!
Occurring in 1.8 per thousand criminal cases per year in Canada
(Makes up only 3% homicide, 3% murder, 2% sexual offence)
91
What can we take away from the comprehensive report of 1800 patient files for NCRMD
(National trajectory project)
Quebec has proportionally many more cases (Quebec increasing, BC decreasing)
A person found NCRMD in Ontario is more likely to be under review board supervision for a longer period than in Quebec and British Columbia, and is more likely to remain in hospital while under supervision
No statistically significant differences exist between provinces regarding the proportion of NCRMD - accused people who had a history of prior mental health hospitalizations and regarding sex distributions of NCRMD accused people
About 51% had no prior criminal convictions
72% had atleast 1 prior mental health hospitalization
65% of the underlying index offences involved acts against a person, family members of the accused, and often the parents of the accused were the most common target, followed by police and mental health workers
22. 7% of the offences were against strangers
3. 2% of offences resulted in the death of the victim
Women accounted for 15.6% of the NCRMD population
Aboriginal heritage was identified at 2.9%
3/4 of the sample group was on government assistance, and 1 in 10 was homeless
The most common primary diagnosis was a psychotic spectrum disorder, with 1/3 of the sample having a co-occurring substance abuse problem
92
What can we take away from the comprehensive report of 1800 patient files for NCRMD
Key sex differences
(National trajectory project)
Women being more likely to be diagnosed with a mood disorder or a personality disorder, but also being less likely to have a prior criminal history, less likely to offend against strangers, and more likely to be older at their first offence against a person
Women show less risk factors for recidivism, thus at lower risk for reoffending
93
What can we take away from the comprehensive report of 1800 patient files for NCRMD
Recidivism rates
(National trajectory project)
16.7% conviction rate during a 3 year follow up period
BC: 9.5% recidivism
Ontario: 9.3% recidivism
94
Overall, most people who are NCRMD accused have not:
Committed offences involving serious violence, that the brutal nature of the offence tells us nothing about the risk of recidivism, that most people found NCMRD are already known to the civil mental system, and are on government financial assistance
95
NCRMD stands for
Not criminally responsible by reason of mental disorder
96
Fundamental purpose of Canadian law
Accused must posses the capacity to understand their behaviour was wrong to be found guilty of an offence
Mens Rea is the biggest part
97
Criminal code is ________ legislated, criminal justice and mental health services are _________ administered
Federally
Provincially
98
NCMRD section 6 of Canadian Criminal code
People who commit criminal acts under the influence of a mental illness should not be held criminally responsible for their acts or omissions in the way that sane responsible people are. No person should be convicted or a crime if he or she was legally insane at the time of the offence
Criminally responsibility is appropriate only where the actor is a discerning moral agent, capable of making choices between right and wrong
99
NCRMD process
Determined by a judge
An accused found NCRMD is diverted to provincial review board (one judge and four other members, one must be a psychiatrist)
Goal: to protect the public from future dangerous behaviour and treat the underlying mental disorder
100
Dispositions you can get at the review board
1) Absolute discharge
2) Conditional discharge
3) Detention in custody in a hospital
* until the accused is given absolute discharge, they remain under review board authority*
* if the accused does not pose a threat, the court must order an absolute discharge*
101
Conditional discharge
Typical conditions: residing in a particular place, abstaining from drugs, urinalysis, treatment plan, designated meetings, no weapons
102
NCR offender is not morally responsible for his or her criminal act; punishment is morally inappropriate and ineffective because the NCR accused was incapable of making meaningful choices
Because liberty is not restricted for punishment, there is no corresponding reason for ‘finitude’
There is no set length for a person. It’s indefinite in a way as it’s all about treatment over punishment
(This is additional, not the answer)
103
Purpose of restriction on liberty
To protect society and to allow the NCR accused to seek treatment
-requires a flexible approach that treats the length of the restriction as a function of these dual aims and renders a mechanistic comparison of the duration of confinement inappropriate
104
Omitting items
No more than 5 items of the 20 items omitted
No more than two items from either factor
105
Unfit to stand trial
Refers to the mental status of the offender at the time they stand trial before a judge
3 requirements:
Because of their mental state they can no longer:
1) understand the nature or object of proceedings
2) understand the possible consequences of the proceedings
3) communicate with counsel
106
NCRMD length research
Accused who committed murder spent an average of 1,165 days hospitalized
An accused who had committed theft spent an average of 48 days hospitalized
107
The national trajectory project (NTP)
Conducted by Latimer and Lawrence (2006) and they found verdict to be extremely rare
The first longitudinal study on provincial differences in NCRMD
108
Myths about the NCRMD
1) involves serious personal violence
2) used often
3) used successfully
4) brief hospitalization and back into community
109
There is no scientific evidence concerning the number of ______ in business
Psychopaths
Few organizations provide access to staff to assess
Psychopaths have atalent for hiding their true selves
Psychopathic traits and behaviours can be exhibitted by those not psychopathic
110
It’s estimated that ___% of the population has a dose of psychopathic features heavy enough to warrant a designation of psychopathy
Perhaps another __% or so fall into the gray zone, with sufficient psychopathic features to be of concern
1%
10% (People have a psychopathic edge but not labelled)
Corporate Psychopath prevalence rates
111
Psychopaths demonstrate the expected traits and characteristics on a consistent manner across all aspects of their lives, but they may hide them well
Crazy stuff
112
2 factors that go into evaluating our boss’s style
Consideration
Initiating structure
113
Consideration
Behaviours and attitudes that deal with the interpersonal interactions between employee and boss
114
Bosses high in consideration
Treat people with respect
Consider the egos and self esteems of others In their decisions
Build working relationships on mutual trust
115
Bosses low on consideration (Boss from hell)
Perceived to be uncaring and inconsiderate of the feelings of emplyees
They are seen as distant and cold
Easy to see the boss berating emplyees in front of others
Failing to build relationships based on mutual trust
116
Initiating structure
Means that a leader is expected to decide on the work goals and tasks to be completed
Flesh out the roles of team members
Delineate the standards of performance or key success measures
117
Bosses high in initiating structure
Take an active part in determining what needs to be done and how to do it
Traditional boss roles, such as planing, organization, communicating, setting expectations and defining the “big picture” fit the high end of this factor
118
Bosses low in initiating structure
Tend to not be involved in the work at hand
A boss who dominates or who issued orders every step of the way may just be too high on initiating structure and not a true psychopath
Laissez Faire leader
119
Individuals who are highly _________ tend to focus on doing a good job
conscientiousness
They like to be accurate, timely, and thorough. They take pride in completing the jobs they start, are very responsible, and detailed orientated
120
Low conscientiousness coworkers (Co-workers from hell)
Can get sloppy about meeting deadlines, achieving goals, or finishing what they start
Irresponsible, Unfocussed, disruptive and poor performance
121
conscientiousness is a primary dimension of ______, rather than just a style or personal preference
Personality
122
Jobs requiring moderate levels of conscientiousness
Artists, creative research scientist, or visionary leaders
123
Jobs that require high level of conscientiousness
Engineer and nuclear power plant operator
124
What would a psychopath look like according to common business models
Rated very low on consideration (rude, arrogant, and self centered)
At the extreme when it comes to structuring jobs (uncaring or overbearing)
Very low on conscientiousness (irresponsible, impulsive, arrogant, self centered, seemingly unwilling to accept responsibility)
These factors don’t indicate psychopaths but are warning flags
125
The subtypes within psychopathy
The classic
The macho
The manipulative
126
The classic style
High score on each of the psychopathy dimensions: interpersonal, affective, lifestyle, and antisocial
Exhibit all features of a psychopath
127
The manipulative style
High score on the interpersonal and affective dimensions, and somewhat lower scores on the lifestyle and antisocil dimensions
They manipulate, decieve, charm, but are less impulsive and antisocial
128
Macho style
High score on the affective, lifestyle, and antisocial dimensions. They are aggressive, bullying, and abrasive individuals, less charming and manipulative then the other types
Doers than talkers
129
Corporate manipulators or cons
| Coporate psychpath subtypes
Like manipulative type, are adept in using others in pursuit of fame, fortune, power, and control
They are deceitful, egotistical, superficial, manipulating, and prone to lying. No responsibility, blame others, rude and callous (Can be successful with dealing with others)
Page 6 of Snakes in Suit for a huge description
130
Corporate bullies
Reflect many traits of macho psychopath; primarily abusive rather than charming. Not sophisticated or smooth as they rely on abuse, coercion, humiliation, harassment
Page 7 of White snakes in suits
131
Corporate puppet masters
Combine features of the 3 subtypes in a sophisticated way
Use both manipulation and bullying
Stalin and hitler
132
Adolescents limited
Aggressiveness between ages 2-4, after a gradual decline with age aggressive and antisocial behaviour again peaks in late adolescence and then decreases in early adulthood
133
Important features in the development of psychopathy
The combination of adolescent disorders along with CD traits (conduct disorder)
134
Visionary thinking
The ability to conceptualize the future of an organization
135
Psychopaths emotional poverty, that being their inability to feel normal human emotions and their lack of conscience, can be mistaken for 3 other executive skills. What are they
How psychopaths get promoted
Ability to make hard decisions
Keep their emotions in check
Remain cool under fire
136
Personality traits found among British Senior Business managers
```
Histrionic traits
Narcissistic traits
Compulsive traits
Insincerity
Egocentricity
Manipulatitveness
Grandiosity
```
137
Why do psychptahs do well in business?
They can con people in believing they are ethical and honest
138
High potential executives prevelence rates
3.5% of 200 high potential executives
| Average OCL:Short Version score was 19/24
139
White Collar Crime
an illegal act or a series of illegal acts committed by non physical mean and by concealment or guile to obtain money or property, to avoid the payment or loss of money or property, or to obtain personal or business advantage
140
Typologies of white collar crime
Personal crimes
Abuses of trust
Business crimes
Con Games
141
Perssonal Crimes
Things you do at the individual level to obtain a profit
142
Abuses of trust
When in a position of power or authority and you abuse your position
143
Business Crimes
Things like embezzlement, money laundering, racketeering
144
Con Games
Individual things you participate in
145
Examples of white collar crimes
```
Computer fraud
Currency Schemes
Embezzlement
Extortion
Insider Trading
Insurance Fraud
Kickback
Laundering
Racketeering
Securities Fraud
Tax Evasion
Telemarketing Fraud
Welfare Fraud
```
146
Computer fraud
Stealing personal information online
147
Currency Schemes
Practice of speculating on future value of currencies
148
Embezzlement
Entrusted money used for own benefit (Husband has access to wfies bank account and takes money)
149
Extortion
Illegally obtain property through threat (This will happen if you dont give me this)
150
Insider Trading
Inside information to trade stocks of publicly held corporations (Infromation about company)
151
Insurance Fraud
Deception to obtain proceeds from insurance (Make false claims to get money, Tammy)
152
Kickback
Person who sells and item gives portion to buyer
153
Laundering
Transfer of money from racketeering, drug transactions, original source untraceable
154
Racketeering
Illegal business for personal profit
155
Securities Fraud
Inflating price of stocks by brokers so buyers can purchase
156
Tax Evasion
Fraud in paying taxes (Dont pay taxes)
157
Telemarketing Fraud
Requesting money for fake charities
158
Welfare Fraud
Falsely obtaining assistance
159
White collar crimes vs Streets Crimes
| f-f-fight
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Distinct social backgrounds
Career trajectories different
Less extensive histories
White collar offender exposed to unique structural oppertunities
Motivational differences
(Lots of it is white males)
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White collar crimes have economic or violent consequences
Offender may be individuals and / or formal organizations
They may acting out of self-interest, in pursuit of organizaitnoal goals, or both
160
Dark figure of frime can be estimaited for _______ (Victimization, selfreport surveys)
Dark figure of crime cannot be estimated for _______
street crimes
Financial gain crimes
161
Common reactions for these white collar crimes
Antitrust
Tax violators
Embezzlers
Fraud
162
Antitrust
Emphasize common business practices
163
Tax violators
Unintentional, ignorant
164
Embezzlers
Act under duress (threats, violence, constraints, or other action brought to bear on someone to do something against their will or better judgment.)
165
Fraud
Deny the crime
166
White Collar vs Street Offenders
White collar:
- desire for control
- frugality
- Machavellianism
- Hubris
- Narcissism
Street Offenders:
- Impulsivity
- Neurosis
167
Pink Collar Crimes
Study in Norway looking at 255 whote collar criminal convicted, only 20 were female
Men outnumber females for white collar crimes 4:1
168
Possible reasons for the reason why men commit more white collar crimes than females
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Women are:
Less opportunistic
More committed to relationships and rules
Seldom invited to participate in crime
Greater sense of risk aversion
Perceived as victims
When convicted, carry lesser sentences
```
169
According to your readings, which area of the brain are typically activated when a psychopath is presented with an emotional word and/or a gruesome picture?
Areas of the brain associated with language processing
