Midterm 2 GSI Review Packet & Jeopardy Questions Flashcards
(42 cards)
How does the basilar membrane function?
The different regions of the basilar membrane vibrate at different frequencies. When a complex noise enters the cochlea, the basilar membrane separates the different wave components of the noise.
How do the inner-ear hair cells function?
When the basilar membrane vibrates, the inner ear hairs underneath vibrate as well. The movement of the hair allows potassium ions to enter the underlying cell that creates an action potential.
What are the components of the vestibular system?
semicircular canals
utrile, saccule (detect movement of fluid)
otoliths (ear stones associated with balance, acceleration, and tilt)
Isothyiocyanates are responsible for what characteristic of taste?
Pungency
Aspartame and sucralose act on what type of receptor?
Metabotropic sweet receptors
The inability to smell anything is called
General anosmia
Genes that do not code for functional receptor proteins are called
Pseudogenes
The molecule in photoreceptors that changes shape after absorbing light is called
Retinal
The visual cortex is made up of
the occipital lobe, posterior lobe, and posterior temporal lobe
The breakdown of component frequencies that make up a sound is called a
Fourier Analysis
The primary auditory cortex (A1) is located in what lobe of the cerebral cortex?
Temporal lobe
What types of hair cells are responsible for sound detection?
Inner hair cells (receive a more nuanced sense of sound to the brain)
Outer hair cells (prime/tune inner hair cells to receive sound)
The three bones in the middle ear are known as the
Ossicles
The interior of the cochlea is lined by the
Basilar membrane
Sounds with high amplitude are perceived as
Loud
Alcohol is what class of drug?
Sedative-hypnotic
Give an example of a retrograde neurotransmitter
Endocanabinnoids
Caffeine, a powerful CNS stimulant, acts as an antagonist at what receptor?
Adenosine antagonist
What class of natural drugs has been chemically treated?
Semi-synthetic drugs
Surturner synthesized ______ by isolating ________.
1) Morphine
2) Opium
Patients of what medical condition have sensory of motor impairments of the lower extremities only?
Paraplegia
Prior to having a seizure, some patients receive a warning in the form of what?
Aura (a perceptual disturbance experienced by some with migraines or seizures before either the headache or seizure begins. It often manifests as the perception of a strange light, an unpleasant smell, or confusing thoughts or experiences)
What is a defect in the visual field?
Anopia (or Anopsia)
What is the inability to perceive odor?
Anosmia
